scholarly journals Thermal characterization of a new bio-composite building material based on plaster and waste chicken feathers

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ouakarrouch ◽  
Najma Laaroussi ◽  
Mohammed Garoum
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Flash Method ◽  
Chicken Feathers ◽  
Biocomposite Material ◽  
Waste Chicken Feathers

The building materials used in Morocco characterized by a low thermal resistance which generates a huge expense in terms of energy consumption. Promoting new sustainable construction and insulation materials become a necessity. This research study aimed to develop the thermal proprieties of plaster building material by mixing it with waste chicken feathers (WCF) in order to be used as wall exterior rendering. For the purpose of determining the thermal properties of the biocomposite material Plaster-WCF, several experimental measurements of thermophysical proprieties had been performed in order to determine apparent density, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity using the hot plate method in steady-state regime and the Flash method, respectively. The results showed that the addition of waste chicken feathers leads to a remarkable reduction in apparent density of about 12.3%, the thermal conductivity and diffusivity have been reduced by about 30.2% and 18%, respectively, which shows the interest of using this biocomposite material in the construction buildings in order to ensure thermal comfort and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (CO2).

scholarly journals Mechanical and thermal characterization of a beet pulp-starch composite for building applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 08005
Author(s):  
Hamzé Karpaky ◽  
Chadi Maalouf ◽  
Christophe Bliard ◽  
Alexandre Gacoin ◽  
Mohammed Lachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Beet Pulp

This work shows the making of a new bio-based material for building insulation from sugar beet pulp and potato starch. The material is both lightweight and ecofriendly. The influence of starch/ sugar beet pulp ratio (S/BP) is studied. Four binder mass dosages are considered, 10, 20, 30 and 40% (relative to the beet pulp). Samples are characterized in terms of absolute and bulk density, compressive and flexural strength, as well as thermal properties (thermal conductivity and thermal inertia). The compressive strength increases linearly with the S/BP mass ratio to reach 0.52 MPa and the compressive strain is 30%. The thermal conductivity is to around 0.070 W/m. K. The results obtained shows that increasing starch amount tends to decrease composite porosity but increases thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. Depending on the starch content, beet pulp composites have a good thermal and can be used as building materials.

scholarly journals Elaboration and Characterization of Composite Materials Based on Plaster-Gypsum and Mineral Additives for Energy Efficiency in Buildings

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Bouzit ◽  
Taha
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Acoustic Performance ◽  
Mineral Additives

The building sector is one of the largest energy consumers in the world, prompting scientific researchers to find solutions to the problem. The choice of appropriate building materials presents a considerable challenge for improving the thermal comfort of buildings. In this scenario, plaster-based insulating materials have more and more interests and new applications, such as insulating coatings developing the building envelope. Several works are being done to improve energy efficiency in the building sector through the study of building materials with insulation quality and energy savings. In this work, new composite materials, plaster-gypsum with mineral additives are produced and evaluated experimentally to obtain low-cost materials with improved thermo-physical and acoustic properties. The resulting composites are intended for use in building walls. Plaster-gypsum is presented as a high-performance thermal material, and mineral additives are of great importance because of their nature and are environmentally friendly. Measurements of thermal properties are carried and measurements of acoustic properties. The results show that it is possible to improve the thermal and acoustic performance of building material by using plaster as a base material and by incorporating thermal insulators. The thermal conductivity of plaster alone is greater than that of plaster with mineral additives, offer interesting thermal and acoustic performance. By varying the additives, the thermal conductivity changes. Finally, comparing the results, plaster with mineral additives is considered the best building material in this study

scholarly journals Capillary Uptake Monitoring in Lime-Hemp-Perlite Composite Using the Time Domain Reflectometry Sensing Technique for Moisture Detection in Building Composites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Brzyski ◽  
Zbigniew Suchorab
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Capillary Uptake

The use of waste plants in the production of building materials is consistent with the principles of sustainable development. One of the ideas involves using hemp shives as an aggregate for the production of a composite used as a filling of the timber frame construction of the walls. The most important disadvantage of using the building materials based on organic components is their susceptibility to the water influence. The wall material is exposed to rising groundwater. The research part of the paper presented the preparation method and the investigation of the hemp-perlite-lime composites. Flexural and compressive strength, apparent density, total porosity, thermal conductivity, and mass absorptivity were examined. The main research part pertained to the analysis of capillary uptake occurrence in the composites, being the important phenomenon present in the external walls. The study on this phenomenon was carried out using the technique of indirect moisture evaluation—Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). The indirect readouts were additionally verified with the traditional evaluation using the gravimetric method based on the PN-EN 1925 standard. The study proved that the tested composites were characterized by low apparent density, thermal conductivity, strength parameters, high total porosity, and mass absorptivity. The partial replacement of hemp shives by expanded perlite had a beneficial effect on the tested properties of composites.

Study on Influence of Thermal Conductivity of Building Material on People's Physiology and Psychology

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 278-281
Author(s):  
Ameng Zhao ◽  
Guang Cheng Cui ◽  
Yong Zhuo Ding ◽  
Ting Yu ◽  
Jing Chao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Theta Waves ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Physiological Indexes ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

This study was conducted to discover the relations between thermal property of building materials and people's physiology and psychology. Heart rate variability of electrocardiogram ( ECG ) and alpha, beta, theta waves of electroencephalogram ( EEG) were examined in ten adult healthy volunteers. And also a combined analysis on inner correlations among physical parameters of material, human physiological indexes and subjective rating was proceeded. Physiological experiment research was carried out in environmental science laboratory. Environmental stimuli derived mainly from the building material to be tested. The results suggest that the density and coefficient of thermal conductivity are decisive effect factors on the physiological changing degree of human.

Effect of Calcium Hydroxide and Water to Solid Ratio on Compressive Strength of Mordenite-Based Geopolymer and the Evaluation of its Thermal Transmission Property

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio H. Cornejo ◽  
Jan Elsen ◽  
Bolivar Togra ◽  
Haci Baykara ◽  
Guillermo Soriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Central Composite Experimental Design

Mordenite-rich tuff is one of most available zeolitic rocks all over the world. Because of this, the research of natural mordenite as a raw material of geopolymeric materials can provide an almost unlimited source of solid precursor for manufacturing such building materials. Despite efforts to shed light on the behaviour of mordenite-rich tuff during geopolymeric reaction, the performance of these novel materials is barely understood. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of the content of calcium hydroxide, CH, and water-to-solid ratio, W/S, as mixing parameters on compressive strength of mordenite-based geopolymers, MBG, and its thermal conductivity. As solid precursor was used mordenite-rich tuff and mixed with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 10M that kept constant during the experiment. Two experimental parameters were selected as independent variables i.e, the content of CH and water-to-solid ratio, and their levels, according to a central composite experimental design. All these designed mixes were characterized by using quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersed spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), in addition thermal conductivity tests were also run according to standard method ASTM C177 at 9, 24, 39°C. The overall results suggested that MBG can be used as building material, however its thermal conductivity was higher than that of commercial isolate building material. The experimental design analysis indicated that the optimum water-to-solid ratio was 0.35, but in the case of the content of CH, the optimum value was not observed on this experimental range because the compressive strength increased as the content of CH increased as well. The compressive strength of MBG was observed in the range between 8.7 and 11.3 MPa. On the other hand, QXRD and FTIR showed that mordenite reacted during the geopolymeric reaction, but instead quartz, also found in zeolitic tuff, acted as inert filler.

scholarly journals Cost Estimate Reduction Using Analogue Building Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-125
Author(s):  
Laura Platace ◽  
Sandra Gusta
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Cost Estimate ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Public And Private

Abstract One of the most important parameters that is currently used in public and private procurement in building process is the lowest price. The legislation of Latvia permits that an estimate forming process does not include criterions of quality, durability, and the potential high cost of maintaining the building during the exploitation time. That allows the constructor to reduce the cost estimate by using cheaper construction product or technology and does not let to provide the highest possible quality and the basic principle of sustainable construction. One of possible construction cost reduction solutions is the replacement of building material with equal building material, at the same time assessing the quality and replacement impact on the direct costs of estimate. The tasks of the research are: (1) to do literature review on what is an estimate, what an estimate includes and the basis of estimate; (2) to analyse the existing construction estimate, to evaluate the used construction materials and to study technical characteristics of materials, to explore a specific construction junction; (3) to replace the selected construction materials with analogous, thus reducing the direct costs of estimate; (4) to evaluate the affect of the price of the construction material on quality; (5) to compare the obtained cost estimate with the current cost estimate; (6) to implement laboratory research and to compare technical characteristics of the construction materials and analogue materials in order to check if they are the performing parameters that are defined in the declaration of performance. After comparing of the obtained direct costs of construction and analysing the quality of construction materials it is possible to provide the most appropriate offer of the direct costs of estimate to satisfy the customer’s interests.

scholarly journals Developing New Insulation Building Materials Based on Clay and Ecological Additives

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 885-890
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Clay Matrix ◽  
Biocomposite Material ◽  
Remarkable Reduction

The thermal performance of exterior walls is considered as a key factor to improving energy efficiency in buildings, especially in areas with cold climates in winter and warm climates in summer. As part of this study, and whose building materials are known for their low thermal properties. The X-ray diffraction was performed on the clay material and the different fibers in order to determine their crystallinity. An experimental characterization of thermophysical properties of a new biocomposites material for the sustainable buildings construction in southern Morocco is presented. These materials can be used as mortar for ceilings and exterior walls. To this end, several samples were prepared from clay extracted from the Errachidia region (south-east Morocco) and three mass fractions of alfa, fig and reed fibers (20%, 40% and 60%). The thermal characterization method adopted is that of the highly insulated thermal house. The results revealed that the incorporation of alfa, fig and reed fibers into the clay matrix allowed a remarkable reduction in apparent density and thermal conductivity. This result shows the interest of using this biocomposite material in construction buildings to ensure thermal comfort and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Operational Energy Comparison of Concrete and Foamed Geopolymer Based Housing Envelopes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luís Villalba ◽  
José Macías ◽  
Haci Baykara ◽  
Nestor Ulloa ◽  
Guillermo Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Operational Energy

The present article provides an operational energy comparison of modern concrete and foamed geopolymers as envelope materials for single unit housing in Ecuador. The study is performed by replacing the concrete material used in the walls and roof elements with foamed geopolymer components. Residential building sector requires around 35.6% of the total energy demand in Ecuador. For this reason, efforts on building practices improvement are relevant for the Ecuadorian society. The foamed geopolymers are a mixture of aluminosilicate material obtained from Ecuadorian natural zeolite, group of alkaline activators and the foamed agent that when mixing the raw materials and obtain the geopolymer. To assess the potential use of foamed geopolymers as construction material, the annual energy demand for a social interest dwelling was obtained through simulation with EnergyPlus. Prefabricated Insulated Concrete Forms was established as the construction practice for the building model. Annual energy simulations were performed considering two Ecuadorian representative weathers, to Guayaquil and Quito locations. Material properties of foamed geopolymers ware acquired by own experimental facilities. Thermal conductivity was obtained with the use of the hot plate method, while specific heat by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. This analysis uses foamed geopolymers obtained from two procedures. Thus, these proposed materials presented low density, low thermal conductivity, and acceptable compressive strength values. Finally, an assessment of natural geopolymers as a concrete replacement is presented, including a thermal characterization, and a sustainable construction evaluation. The findings affirm the key role of material selection in construction practices. Reductions around 4.0% in annual electricity demand was achieved for Guayaquil case, while energy consumption decreases around 1.3% for Quito.

3D Examination of the Thermal Properties of Carbon-Carbon Composites

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Patrick ◽  
Messiha Saad
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Thermal Diffusivity ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Flash Method ◽  
Carbon Composites ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Temperature Levels

Thermal characterization of composites is essential for their proper assignment to a specific application. Specific heat, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity of carbon-carbon composites are essential in the engineering design process and in the analysis of aerospace vehicles, space systems and other high temperature thermal systems. Specifically, thermal conductivity determines the working temperature levels of a material and is influential in its performance in high temperature applications. There is insufficient thermal property data for carbon-carbon composites over a range of temperatures. The purpose of this research is to develop a thermal properties database for carbon-carbon composites that will contain in-plane (i-p) and through-the-thickness (t-t-t) thermal data at different temperatures as well as display the effects of graphitization on the composite material. The carbon-carbon composites tested were fabricated by the Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) technique, utilizing T300 2-D carbon fabric and Primaset PT-30 cyanate ester resin. Experimental methods were employed to measure the thermal properties. Following the ASTM standard E-1461, the flash method enabled the direct measurement of thermal diffusivity. Additionally, differential scanning calorimetry was performed in accordance with the ASTM E-1269 standard to measure the specific heat. The measured thermal diffusivity, specific heat, and density data were used to compute the thermal conductivity of the carbon-carbon composites. The measured through-the-thickness thermal conductivity values of all the materials tested range from 1.0 to 17 W/m·K, while in-plane values range from 3.8 to 4.6 W/m·K due to the effect of fiber orientation. Additionally, the graphitized samples exhibit a higher thermal conductivity because of the nature of the ordered graphite structure.

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