scholarly journals Zooplankton communities in a river downstream from a lake restored with hypolimnetic withdrawal

2020 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Magdalena Bowszys ◽  
Renata Tandyrak ◽  
Iwona Gołaś ◽  
Ewa Paturej
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Lake Restoration ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Community Transformation ◽  
Zooplankton Density ◽  
Restoration Method ◽  
Density And Biomass

Restoring lakes with hypolimnetic withdrawal can severely threaten water quality and biocenosis downstream. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of lake restoration on riverine zooplankton during a period of intense hypolimnion water inflow. Zooplankton density and biomass were determined in water samples. The water samples were also analyzed to determine the following physicochemical parameters: flow rate, dissolved oxygen, hydrogen sulphide, sulphate, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorous, soluble reactive phosphorus, total organic carbon, and temperature. The results of multiple regression indicated that water flow was the most significant variable and was the best predictor of total zooplankton and rotifer density. Soluble reactive phosphorous was the main predictor of copepod biomass and density. Our study showed that hypolimnetic withdrawal disturbed the natural process of planktic community transformation, which was linked to the environmental shift from lacustrine to riverine. During the study, zooplankton density and biomass were low, but not as low as when the pipeline was operating at maximum output. At present, this lake restoration method has become more sustainable, because the adverse effects of hypolimnetic withdrawal on the recipient river have been minimized and limited to several weeks.

scholarly journals The effect of lake restoration by the hypolimnetic withdrawal method on the intensity of ambient odour

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Tandyrak ◽  
Iwona Gołaś ◽  
Katarzyna Parszuto ◽  
Magdalena Bowszys ◽  
Daniel Szymański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Lake Restoration ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Particulate Nitrogen ◽  
Dissolved Nitrogen ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Stagnation Period

<p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of lake restoration by the hypolimnetic withdrawal method on the intensity of ambient odour in the vicinity of the pipeline outlet. The study was carried out in 2012-2013 from the beginning of the summer stagnation period in Lake Kortowskie to complete overturn in fall. Samples of river water and ambient air were collected from two sites: near the pipeline outlet (PO) and behind the academic campus (AC). A total of 44 air samples and 44 water samples were analysed. Odour intensity was measured in samples of ambient air. The following physicochemical parameters of water were determined: flow rate, dissolved oxygen (DO), hydrogen sulphide (H<sub>2</sub>S), sulphate (SO<sub>4</sub>), ammonium nitrogen (NH<sub>4</sub>-N), total nitrogen (TN), dissolved nitrogen (DN), total particulate nitrogen (T-PN), total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total particulate organic carbon (T-POC). Water samples were also analysed to determine total bacterial abundance (TBA) and the counts of bacterial rods, cocci and spiral-shaped bacteria, and sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Significant variations in odour intensity were noted between years and sampling sites. Odour was significantly determined by the proportion of lake water in river water. It was also significantly correlated (P&lt;0.01, P&lt;0.001) with most of the analysed physicochemical and microbiological parameters. The multiple regression analysis revealed that odour intensity was influenced directly by TOC and DN and indirectly by H<sub>2</sub>S, NH<sub>4</sub>-N, TBA and counts of SRB,  rod- and spiral-shaped bacteria only in.</p>

Changes in Nutrient Levels of Lake Water Stored at 4 °C

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 985-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. El-Shaarawi ◽  
M. A. Neilson
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Glass Bottles ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus

Water samples were collected on Lake Ontario during April and November, filtered (0.45 μm), and immediately analyzed onboard ship for the nutrients soluble reactive phosphorus, nitrate-plus-nitrite, and ammonia. Replicates were stored in glass bottles at 4 °C and reanalyzed within 8 d. Statistical analysis showed that soluble reactive phosphorus decreased by 11 and 13% and nitrate-plus-nitrite by 7 and 6%, whereas ammonia increased by 75% on one cruise and decreased by 37% on the other.

scholarly journals Zooplankton of mountain and lowland waterbodies of Northwestern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 322 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-83
Author(s):  
L.F. Litvinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Zooplankton Biomass ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Northwestern India ◽  
Zooplankton Density ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lowland Lakes

In 2013–2015, 9 waterbodies situated in mountain and lowland regions of Northwestern India were studied. 46 species of zooplankton organisms were revealed, among them 18 Rotifera species, 20 Cladocera, 8 Copepoda, and 1 species of Anostraca. For this part of India, it was the first time detected 8 Rotifera species, 5 Cladocera, and 2 Copepoda. Cosmopolites and Paleotropic species were registered in all waterbodies studied in the Himalayans and lowland India. Palearctic and Holarctic species — in the Himalayans only. Tropic species were found in lowland India only. Species number and zooplankton species diversity index were low. Zooplankton density was relatively high in one from four mountain lakes and in all lowland waterbodies (99–487 thousands ind./m3). Zooplankton biomass was low (0.04–8.00 g/m3) in both mountain and lowland lakes, in exception two lowland lakes with wind onset and overwintering place for large birds. Rotifera dominated by biomass only in mountain region. Cladocera predominated in zooplankton density and biomass in majority of studied waterbodies. This group was represented by coastal and macrophyte forms which are usual for shallow waterbodies. Copepoda were abundant in five studied waterbodies and basically were represented by Cyclopoida. Calanoida group (Diaptomidae) was revealed in only one lowland lake located in a desert. Macrofiltrators represented the main part of zooplankton trophic structure. Microphages and predators subdominated in zooplankton communities.

Uptake and release of nitrogen compounds in coral reef and seagrass, Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb.) Aschers., bed sediments at Lizard Island, Queensland

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
PI Boon
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Interstitial Water ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Lizard Island ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus

The interstitial water in sediments from coral reef areas and seagrass (T. hemprichii) beds at Lizard Island contained 6-48 �mol l-1 ammonium, 4-7 �mol I-1 nitrate plus nitrite, and 1 .5-2.5 �mol I-1 soluble reactive phosphorus. Concentrations of total dissolved primary amines were an order of magnitude higher in sediments from seagrass beds (about 140 �mol l-1) than from coral reef areas (about 10 �mol I-1). Ammonium-nitrogen was produced at rates of 0.7,6, and 10 nmol g-1 h-1 in sediments from a bare beach, reef flat and seagrass bed, respectively. Added glycine and nitrate were also rapidly metabolized by microbes in the sediment (3 to > 5 nmol g-1 h-1).

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Plankton in Response to Ecological Dynamics in Tropical Shallow Lakes: Insight from Lake Malombe, Malawi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODGERS MAKWINJA ◽  
Seyoum Mengistou ◽  
Emmanuel Kaunda ◽  
Tena Alemiew
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Shallow Lakes ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Bosmina Longirostris ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Spatial And Seasonal Variation ◽  
Zooplankton Density ◽  
Hot Dry Season ◽  
Density And Biomass

Abstract This study assessed plankton density and biomass in an attempt to better understand their spatial and seasonal variation in Lake Malombe. Samples were collected for analysis during the hot dry season (HDS) and cool dry windy season (CDWS). The zooplankton identified were T. cunningtoni (TC), M. aEq. Aequatorialis (MAA), T. neglectus (TN), Bosmina longirostris (BL), Diaphanosoma spp (DS), Nauplii, and Rotifer. These zooplankton groups belong to copepods, Cyclopidae, Cladocera, Ctenopod, and Rotifers. The phytoplankton biomass exhibited a strong seasonal variation with the highest value observed in HDS and lowest in CDWS. Zooplankton such as T. cunningtoni, M. aEq. Aequatorialis, T. neglectus, Bosmina longirostris, Diaphanosoma spp, Nauplii, and Rotifer were dominant during the HDS. The WT, pH, and DO, Chlo-a positively correlated with all zooplankton groups. The Na+ and K+ positively correlated with TC, MAA, DS, Nauplii, and Rotifers. The Cl− positively correlated with DS, Rotifers while, CO32− positively correlated with TC. HCO3− correlated with DS and Rotifers positively while TDS correlated with BL, Nauplii, and Rotifers negatively. Nitrite affected all zooplankton groups negatively while SRP had a positive effect on all zooplankton density. The study revealed that physical-chemical variables, some major ions, and Chlo-a are the most important factors influencing the spatial and seasonal variation of zooplankton density in the lake. These findings demonstrate the interaction between physical-chemical variables, phytoplankton, and zooplankton and highlight the significance of ecological understanding of the complex dynamics of food web system in tropical shallow lakes - under the changing climate.

EXCHANGEABLE AMMONIUM- AND NITRATE-NITROGEN RELATED TO YIELDS OF CONQUEST BARLEY GROWN AS SECOND OR THIRD CROP AFTER FALLOW IN NORTHEASTERN SASKATCHEWAN

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. NUTTALL ◽  
H. G. ZANDSTRA ◽  
K. E. BOWREN
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Availability Index ◽  
The Relationship

Exchangeable ammonium- plus nitrate-nitrogen measured to a depth of 60 cm in 18 stubble fields during 1967, 1968 and 1969 in Black, Dark Gray and Gray Wooded soils of northeastern Saskatchewan was inversely related by regression analyses to yield increases of Conquest barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (R2 = 63.8%) obtained from N fertilizer (phosphorus applied at 20 kg/ha). Sodium bicarbonate-extractable P was a significant variable in the multiple regression analyses, increasing the R2 value to 74.6%. Nitrate-nitrogen alone also was significantly related to yield increase from N fertilizer (R2 = 63.0%). Including NaHCO3-extractable P in the regression did not improve the relationship (R2 = 63.6%). Exchangeable ammonium-nitrogen values ranged from 3.7 to 24.1 μg N/4 g soil. Nitrate-nitrogen values were in a range of 4.9 to 75.2 μg N/4 g soil. Although there were significant amounts of exchangeable ammonium-nitrogen in the soils, a definite conclusion to retain exchangeable ammonium as an availability index for soil nitrogen could not be made from the regression analyses. The mean protein content of the grain was significantly related by regression to nitrogen soil tests. Increased yield from nitrogen fertilization resulted in a decrease in phosphorus content of the grain.

scholarly journals Relationship between Manure Management Application Practices and Phosphorus and Nitrogen Export in Snowmelt Run-off Water from a Black Chernozem Saskatchewan Soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom King ◽  
Jeff Schoenau ◽  
Jane Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
East Central ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Intact Soil

In Saskatchewan, soil nutrients released from land-applied solid cattle manure (SCM) and liquid hog manure (LHM) could be subject to off-field export via spring surface run-off water and/or subsurface leaching from melting snow. The objective of this study was to determine how the placement of SCM and LHM using surface and subsurface application methods affects the amounts of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) exported in simulated snowmelt run-off. Intact soil slabs were collected post-harvest in Oct. 2008 and Oct. 2009 from an annually cropped Black Chernozem in east-central Saskatchewan having treatments of: 1) a control, with no SCM or urea fertilizer added and 2) SCM applied at a rate of 60.6 t ha-1 for 2 years as: surface broadcast, broadcast and incorporated and subsurface banded. For comparison purposes, intact soil slab monoliths were collected post-harvest in Oct. 2009 from an annually cropped Black Chernozem in east-central Saskatchewan having treatments of: 1) a control, with no LHM or urea fertilizer added; 2) LHM broadcast and incorporated at a rate of 37,000 L ha-1 for 12 years; and 3) LHM subsurface banded at rates of 37,000 L ha-1 and 148,000 L ha-1 for 12 years. Run-off water and leachate were collected under two different simulated prairie spring melt conditions: 1) thawing soil slabs containing snow that slowly melted on the surface; and 2) frozen soil slabs with run-off water applied to the surface and allowed to run-off across the frozen soil surface. Export of SRP in the thawing soil slabs that had SCM applied in subsurface bands was 0.51 kg P ha-1 and was significantly higher than the non-manured control (0.07 kg P ha-1). Dissolved NO3-N exported in water running across the frozen soil slabs was highest in the broadcast and incorporated treatment (0.30 kg N ha-1). All SCM manured treatments had higher export of nitrate (0.2-0.25 kg NO3-N ha-1) compared to the non-manured control (0.07 kg ha-1). There was no significant (P ≤ 0.10) effect of placement method on SRP, NO3-N and NH4-N export on thawing or frozen SCM soil slabs. Export of SRP was less in LHM treatments than SCM treatments. In thawing soil slabs with 148,000 L ha-1 LHM treatment, the P export was 0.05 kg P ha-1 and was greater than the control treatment (0.01 kg ha-1). Rate of application and manure type appears to be more important than method of placement in influencing P and N transport in melt water on these soils.

A laboratory culture system for pathological and physiological studies of rooted aquatic plants

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2290-2296 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Hoffmann ◽  
J. A. Colman ◽  
K. M. Kutchera ◽  
E. V. Nordheim ◽  
J. H. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Myriophyllum Spicatum ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus

A biphasic system was designed for growing rooted Eurasian water milfoil, Myriophyllum spicatum L., to avoid artificial characteristics of flask culture. Aquaria (21 L) containing undergravel filters, air-lift pumps, 50-W heaters, and Plexiglas lids were sterilized in 70% ethanol and assembled aseptically. Plant shoots were rooted separately in polypropylene cups containing 60 g of artificial sediment approximating natural marl. The sediment provided over 90% of the nitrogen and phosphorus in the plants after 22 days growth. Plants were immersed in a mineral-salts medium with levels of nitrogen and phosphorus comparable with lake concentrations. Aeration was at 0.15 L ∙ min−1 and ranges of temperature and light intensity were from 17 to 32 °C and 30 to 250 μE ∙ m−2 ∙ s−1, respectively. The peak photosynthetic rate was 14 mg O2 ∙ g dry weight−1 ∙ h−1. The maximum specific growth rate, 0.14 mg ∙ mg−1 ∙ day−1, occurred at 27 °C and 250 μE ∙ m−2 ∙ s−1 and lasted for about 3 weeks before light became limiting. Bacterial density, ammonium nitrogen, soluble reactive phosphorus, and total phosphorus exhibited rapid changes during the first 12 days of the growth period, after which fluctuations diminished. The between-aquaria variance in shoot growth rate was insignificant (P > 0.70). When inorganic carbon in the liquid medium and phosphorus in the sediment were lowered from 2.86 to 1.14 mmol C ∙ L−1 and from 0.7 to 0.2 mg P ∙ g dry weight−1, milfoil growth was reduced by 47 and 74%, respectively. Control of the physiochemical environment, small variability, and high reproducibility make this a sensitive system for discerning various treatment effects, including those of pathogens.

Nitrogen regulation of algal biomass, productivity, and composition in shallow mountain lakes, Snowy Range, Wyoming, USA

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1256-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koren R Nydick ◽  
Brenda Moraska Lafrancois ◽  
Jill S Baron ◽  
Brett M Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Large Pool ◽  
Zooplankton Density ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
Snowy Range ◽  
Hard Substrates

We investigated the effects of increased nitrate (NO3), alone and in combination with phosphorus (P), on phytoplankton, epilithon, and epipelon in shallow lakes of the Snowy Range, Wyoming, using two enclosure experiments during early and late summer. Phytoplankton responded strongly to N and N + P, but not to P, with increased cell density, chlorophyll a, and photosynthesis and shifts in composition from chrysophytes to cyanophytes, chlorophytes, and diatoms. Zooplankton density and biomass were unaltered despite the additional phytoplankton stock, probably as the result of poor food quality. In the late summer, algae on tiles responded to N and N + P additions with greater chlorophyll a and increases in cyanophyte and chlorophyte density. Algae on sediment dominated whole-enclosure algal biomass but were spatially variable and responded insignificantly to nutrients. Consequently, N controlled productivity and community composition of phytoplankton and algae on hard substrates but had less impact on ecosystem algal biomass because of the large pool of nutrient-sufficient sediment algae. Phytoplankton were more photosynthetically efficient than the benthos, however, such that primary productivity did shift more toward the water column.

Pollutant Identification by Selected Area Electron Diffraction

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 532-533
Author(s):  
R. E. Ferrell ◽  
G. G. Paulson ◽  
C. W. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Multiple Component

Selected area electron diffraction (SAD) has been used successfully to determine crystal structures, identify traces of minerals in rocks, and characterize the phases formed during thermal treatment of micron-sized particles. There is an increased interest in the method because it has the potential capability of identifying micron-sized pollutants in air and water samples. This paper is a short review of the theory behind SAD and a discussion of the sample preparation employed for the analysis of multiple component environmental samples.

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