Soft X-ray lasing with lithium ions ?

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (PR2) ◽  
pp. Pr2-201-Pr2-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Reinhardt ◽  
M. Born ◽  
A. Egbert ◽  
B. N. Chichkov ◽  
G. Veres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ions ◽  
X Ray

X-ray Diffraction Studies on Supercooled Aqueous Lithium Bromide and Lithium Iodide Solutions

1997 ◽  
Vol 52 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Takamuku ◽  
Motoyuki Yamagami ◽  
Hisanobu Wakita ◽  
Toshio Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Hydration Shell ◽  
Lithium Bromide ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Halide Ions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydration Shells ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Aqueous Lithium Bromide

Abstract X-ray diffraction measurements were performed on liquid LiBr • 5H2O and Lil • 5H2O at temperatures from -30 to 25 °C. The total radial distribution functions did show that on supercooling the hydration shell of the halide ions becomes more structured, while that of the lithium ions becomes distorted. The larger the halide ion, the stronger becomes the water-water interaction around halide ions with lowering temperature. However, the distance between the water molecules in the hydration shells of the halide ions depends little on their size. On the basis of the present results, together with those of our previous investigation on LiCl • 5H2O at temperatures from - 135 to 100°C, the effects of temperature and the size of the halide ions on the structure of the solution are discussed.

Superlattice formation in the lithiated vanadium oxide phases Li0.67V6O13 and LiV6O13

2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 759-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Björk ◽  
Sven Lidin ◽  
Torbjörn Gustafsson ◽  
John O. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Double Layers ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrochemical Lithiation ◽  
Oxide Phases ◽  
Li Ion

Two new lithiated phases of V6O13 were formed by carefully tuning the temperature of electrochemical lithiation in a `coffee-bag' type Li-ion battery at 2.78 V versus Li/Li+. These were studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. A phase with the composition Li2/3V6O13 was obtained at 308 K with a unit cell three times the volume of the original V6O13 cell. A single crystal discharged at ambient temperature was shown to be LiV6O13 and twice the unit-cell volume of the original V6O13 cell. On lithiation, the structures retain their basic V6O13 structure of alternating single and double layers of VO6 octahedra. The lithium ions occupy chemically equivalent sites, where they coordinate fivefold to O atoms, and associate with the single layers of VO6 octahedra. The insertion of lithium causes a significant elongation of one of the V—O bonds in each structure, which expands from 1.65 to 1.89 Å; this is due to the charge reduction of a specific V atom.

The layered monodiphosphate Li9Ga3(P2O7)3(PO4)2 refined from X-ray powder data

2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. i112-i113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Xuan Liu ◽  
Cheng-Xin Wang ◽  
Shu-Ming Luo ◽  
Jin-Xiao Mi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Interstitial Space ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
X Ray

Nonalithium trigallium(III) tris[pyrophosphate(V)] diphosphate(V), Li9Ga3(P2O7)3(PO4)2, has been synthesized by a hydrothermal method and its crystal structure solved from X-ray powder diffraction data using Rietveld analysis. The structure is based on separate layers parallel to (001), consisting of GaO6 octahedra that share corners with PO4 tetrahedra and P2O7 groups. The lithium ions are located in the interstitial space.

Structure and Microstructure Study of Oxides of the La2/3-xLi3xTiO3-family

2008 ◽  
Vol 1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulises Amador ◽  
Susana García-Martín ◽  
Ainhoa Morata-Orrantia ◽  
Juan Rodríguez-Carvajal ◽  
Miguel Ángel Alario-Franco
Keyword(s):  
Extended Defects ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Powder Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Square Planar ◽  
Structure And Microstructure ◽  
Very High

AbstractMaterials of the La2/3-xLi3xTiO3–family have been studied by selected area electron diffraction (SAED), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), powder synchrotron X-ray diffraction and powder neutron diffraction. HRTEM showed that the materials have a complex domain-microstructure. The size and shape of the domains have been obtained from synchrotron X-ray diffraction data; besides, other extended defects such as strains and compositional fluctuations have been detected. The complementary use of local (SAED and HRTEM) and average (SXRD and NPD) techniques have allowed us to propose a model to refine the crystal structure of these oxides also accounting for their microstructure. All these materials have a perovskite-related structure with a diagonal unit cell (≈√2ap x √2ap x 2ap) as a consequence of the tilting of the TiO6 octahedra. Ordering of lanthanum and lithium ions and vacancies along the 2ap-axis, as well as displacements of titanium ions from the centre of the octahedra, have been determined. The Li+ ions present a distorted square planar coordination and are located in interstitial positions of the structure, which could explain the very high ionic conductivity of this type of materials. The lithium conductivity depends on the oxide composition and its crystal microstructure, which varies with the thermal treatment of the sample.

Ionic Conductivity, Structural, IR and Raman Spectroscopic Data of Olivine, Sr2PbO4, and Na2CuF4 Type Lithium and Sodium Chlorides Li2ZnCl4 and Na2MCl4 (M = Mg, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, Cd)

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1379-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Dieter Lutz ◽  
Klaus Wussow ◽  
Peter Kuske
Keyword(s):  
Complex Impedance ◽  
Ionic Conductivities ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Ionic Conducting ◽  
Ternary Chlorides ◽  
Ir And Raman

The ionic conductivities (complex impedance measurements) of the olivine type Li2ZnCl4, Na2ZnCl4 and Na2CoCl4, the Sr2PbO4 type Na2MgCl4, Na2MnCl4, and Na2CdCl4, and the novel Na2CrCl4 with monoclinically distorted Sr2PbO4 structure (Na2CuF4 type) are presented. The specific conductivities of Li2ZnCl4 and the Na2MCl4 are about three orders of magnitude lower than those of the fast ionic conducting lithium chloride spinels Li[LiM ]Cl4 (M = Mg, Mn. Fe. Cd. etc.) indicating that in the latter compounds the tetrahedrally coordinated lithium ions exhibit higher mobility than those on octahedral sites. The X-ray data including those of Sr2PbO4 type Na2TiCl4 and both the IR and Raman spectra (together with a group theoretical treatment) are also given. The spectra obtained confirm the different structure types of the ternary chlorides.

Lithium superionic conductors Li10MP2O12 (M = Ge, Si)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 1850039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufeng Song ◽  
Zhencai Dong ◽  
Fan Deng ◽  
Ning Hu
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Superionic Conductors ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Melt Quenching ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Migration Mechanism ◽  
Dc Polarization

The exploration for superionic conductors with new structures and compositions is challengeable for developing safer and high-energy-density batteries. Here, we report lithium superionic conductors with the compositions of Li[Formula: see text]GeP2O[Formula: see text] and Li[Formula: see text]SiP2O[Formula: see text]. The materials are prepared by melt-quenching and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), AC impedance, DC polarization and cyclic voltammetry. Both germanium and silicon members demonstrate same orders of magnitude of bulk and grain-boundary conductivities of 10[Formula: see text] S[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] at room temperature. The crystal structure is investigated by the Rietveld refinement of powder XRD and the migration mechanism of lithium ions is proposed.

A Molecular Dynamics Study of Aqueous Solutions I. First Results for LiCl in H2O

1974 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1164-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Heinzinger ◽  
P. C. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Static Properties ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydration Shells ◽  
First Results

First results of a molecular dynamics study of an aqueous LiCl solution are reported. The system investigated consisted of 216 particles, 198 water molecules, 9 lithium ions, and 9 chloride ions. The calculations lead to fair agreement with the static properties of the first hydration shells of the ions as derived from X-ray and neutron diffraction studies, and with kinetic properties as derived from NMR measurements. A model for the motion of the water molecules in the first hydration sphere of Li+ is tentatively proposed.

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