scholarly journals Rapid measurement of trunk MOE on standing trees using RIGIDIMETER

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Launay ◽  
Milosh Ivkovich ◽  
Luc P�ques ◽  
Catherine Bastien ◽  
Pascal Higelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
Standing Trees

scholarly journals A new experimental device for rapid measurement of the trunk equivalent modulus of elasticity on standing trees

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Launay ◽  
Philippe Rozenberg ◽  
Luc Paques ◽  
Jean-Marc Dewitte
Keyword(s):  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Experimental Device ◽  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
Equivalent Modulus

Use of backscattered electron image intensity signals to calculate the water/cement ratio of concrete

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 356-357
Author(s):  
R. J. Lee ◽  
A. J. Schwoeble ◽  
Yuan Jie
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Production Period ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Automated Procedures ◽  
Standard Density

Water/Cement (W/C) ratio is a very important parameter affecting the strength and durability of concrete. At the present time, there are no ASTM methods for determining W/C ratio of concrete structures after the production period. Existing techniques involving thin section standard density comparative associations using light optical microscopy and rely on visual comparisons using standards and require highly trained personnel to produce reliable data. This has led to the exploration of other methods utilizing automated procedures which can offer a precise and rapid measurement of W/C ratio. This paper discusses methods of determining W/C ratio using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) backscattered electron image (BEI) intensity signal and x-ray computer tomography.

Contribution to the automation of the calculations involving the forest inventory with the aid of an office computer

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Goossens
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
General Program ◽  
Magnetic Card ◽  
The Right

Contribution to the automation of the calculations involving  the forest inventory with the aid of an office computer - In this contribution an attempt was made to perform the  calculations involving the forest inventory by means of an office computer  Olivetti P203.     The general program (flowchart 1), identical for all tree species except  for the values of the different parameters, occupies the tracks A and B of a  magnetic card used with this computer. For each tree species one magnetic  card is required, while some supplementary cards are used for the  subroutines. The first subroutine (flowchart 1) enables us to preserve  temporarily the subtotals between two tree species (mixed stands) and so  called special or stand cards (SC). After the last tree species the totals  per ha are calculated and printed on the former, the average trees occuring  on the line below. Appendix 1 gives an example of a similar form resulting  from calculations involving a sampling in a mixed stand consisting of Oak  (code 11), Red oak (code 12), Japanese larch (code 24) and Beech (code 13).  On this form we find from the left to the right: the diameter class (m), the  number of trees per ha, the basal area (m2/ha), the current annual increment  of the basal area (m2/year/ha), current annual volume increment (m3/year/ha),  the volume (m3/ha) and the money value of the standing trees (Bfr/ha). On the  line before the last, the totals of the quantities mentioned above and of all  the tree species together are to be found. The last line gives a survey of  the average values dg, g, ig, ig, v and w.     Besides this form each stand or plot has a so-called 'stand card SC' on  wich the totals cited above as well as the area of the stand or the plot and  its code are stored. Similar 'stand card' may replace in many cases  completely the classical index cards; moreover they have the advantage that  the data can be entered directly into the computer so that further  calculations, classifications or tabling can be carried out by means of an  appropriate program or subroutine. The subroutine 2 (flowchart 2) illustrates  the use of similar cards for a series of stands or eventually a complete  forest, the real values of the different quantities above are calculated and  tabled (taking into account the area). At the same time the general totals  and the general mean values per ha, as well as the average trees are  calculated and printed. Appendix 2 represents a form resulting from such  calculations by means of subroutine 2.

EVALUATING THE UTILITY OF FIELD-PORTABLE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE (PXRF) FOR THE RAPID MEASUREMENT OF LANDSCAPE CHANGE PROXIES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewey W. Dunnington ◽  
◽  
Ian S. Spooner ◽  
Christopher E. White ◽  
Graham A. Gagnon
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Change ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rapid Measurement

scholarly journals Universal Stokes’s nanomechanical viscometer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Komal Chaudhary ◽  
Pooja Munjal ◽  
Kamal P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Capillary Waves ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
Single Lens ◽  
Universal Applicability ◽  
Small Sample Volume

AbstractAlthough, many conventional approaches have been used to measure viscosity of fluids, most methods do not allow non-contact, rapid measurements on small sample volume and have universal applicability to all fluids. Here, we demonstrate a simple yet universal viscometer, as proposed by Stokes more than a century ago, exploiting damping of capillary waves generated electrically and probed optically with sub-nanoscale precision. Using a low electric field local actuation of fluids we generate quasi-monochromatic propagating capillary waves and employ a pair of single-lens based compact interferometers to measure attenuation of capillary waves in real-time. Our setup allows rapid measurement of viscosity of a wide variety of polar, non-polar, transparent, opaque, thin or thick fluids having viscosity values varying over four orders of magnitude from $$10^{0}{-}10^{4}~\text{mPa} \, \text{s}$$ 10 0 - 10 4 mPa s . Furthermore, we discuss two additional damping mechanisms for nanomechanical capillary waves caused by bottom friction and top nano-layer appearing in micro-litre droplets. Such self-stabilized droplets when coupled with precision interferometers form interesting microscopic platform for picomechanical optofluidics for fundamental, industrial and medical applications.

scholarly journals Direct and rapid measurement of hydrogen peroxide in human blood using a microfluidic device

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gaikwad ◽  
P. R. Thangaraj ◽  
A. K. Sen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
Automated Method

AbstractThe levels of hydrogen peroxide ($${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 ) in human blood is of great relevance as it has emerged as an important signalling molecule in a variety of disease states. Fast and reliable measurement of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 levels in the blood, however, continues to remain a challenge. Herein we report an automated method employing a microfluidic device for direct and rapid measurement of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 in human blood based on laser-induced fluorescence measurement. Our study delineates the critical factors that affect measurement accuracy—we found blood cells and soluble proteins significantly alter the native $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 levels in the time interval between sample withdrawal and detection. We show that separation of blood cells and subsequent dilution of the plasma with a buffer at a ratio of 1:6 inhibits the above effect, leading to reliable measurements. We demonstrate rapid measurement of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 in plasma in the concentration range of 0–49 µM, offering a limit of detection of 0.05 µM, a sensitivity of 0.60 µM−1, and detection time of 15 min; the device is amenable to the real-time measurement of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 in the patient’s blood. Using the linear correlation obtained with known quantities of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 , the endogenous $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 concentration in the blood of healthy individuals is found to be in the range of 0.8–6 µM. The availability of this device at the point of care will have relevance in understanding the role of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 in health and disease.

scholarly journals Comparison of Forest Inventory Methods at Plot-Level between a Backpack Personal Laser Scanning (BPLS) and Conventional Equipment in Jeju Island, South Korea

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Chiung Ko ◽  
Seunghyun Lee ◽  
Jongsu Yim ◽  
Donggeun Kim ◽  
Jintaek Kang
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Jeju Island ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Coniferous Plantation ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Inventory Method

In recent years, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has been increasingly utilized to estimate forest resources. This study was conducted to identify the applicability of a LiDAR sensor for such estimations by comparing data on a tree’s position, height, and diameter at breast height (DBH) obtained using the sensor with those by existing forest inventory methods for a Cryptomeria japonica forest in Jeju Island, South Korea. For this purpose, a backpack personal laser scanning device (BPLS, Greenvalley International, Model D50) was employed in a protected forest, where cutting is not allowed, as a non-invasive means, simultaneously assessing the device’s field applicability. The data collected by the sensor were divided into seven different pathway variations, or “patterns” to consider the density of the sample plots and enhance the efficiency. The accuracy of estimating the variables of each tree was then assessed. The time spent acquiring and processing real-time data was also analyzed for each method, as well as total time and the time required for each measurement. The findings showed that the rate of detection of standing trees by LiDAR was 100%. Additionally, a high statistical accuracy was observed in pattern 5 (DBH: RMSE 1.22 cm, bias—0.90 cm, Height: RMSE 1.66 m, bias—1.18 m) and pattern 7 (DBH: RMSE 1.22 cm, bias—0.92 cm, Height: RMSE 1.48 m, bias—1.23 m) compared to the results from the typical inventory method. A range of 115–162.5 min/ha was required to process the data using the LiDAR, while 322.5–567.5 min was required for the typical inventory method. Thus, the application of a backpack personal LiDAR can lead to higher efficiency when conducting a forest resource inventory in a coniferous plantation with understory vegetation. Further research in various stands is necessary to confirm the efficiency of using backpack personal laser scanning.

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