scholarly journals Antarctic site testing – microthermal measurements of surface-layer seeing at the South Pole

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Marks ◽  
J. Vernin ◽  
M. Azouit ◽  
J. W. Briggs ◽  
M. G. Burton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
South Pole ◽  
Site Testing ◽  
The South

scholarly journals Investigating the photo-oxidative and heterogeneous chemical production of HCHO in the snowpack at the South Pole, Antarctica

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Hamer ◽  
D. E. Shallcross ◽  
A. Yabushita ◽  
M. Kawasaki ◽  
V. Marécal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
South Pole ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
The South ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Concentration Effects ◽  
Photochemical Production ◽  
Ultimate Fate

Environmental context Snowpacks present a surprisingly active environment for photochemistry, leading to sunlight-induced oxidation of deposited organic matter and the subsequent emission of a variety of photochemically active trace gases. We seek to address questions regarding the ultimate fate of organic matter deposited onto snow in the remote regions of the world. The work is relevant to atmospheric composition and climate change. Abstract We investigate snowpack fluxes of formaldehyde (HCHO) into the South Pole boundary layer using steady-state photochemical models. We study two chemical sources of HCHO within the snowpack. First, we study chemical production of HCHO from the processing of methyl hydroperoxide (CH3OOH): photolysis, reaction with the hydroxyl radical (OH•), and by an acid catalysed rearrangement. Assuming surface layer concentration effects for acidic solutes, we show that the acid catalysed production of HCHO within ice could contribute a non-negligible source to the snowpack HCHO budget. This novel source of HCHO complements existing explanations of HCHO fluxes based on physical emission of HCHO from snow. Secondly, we investigate HCHO production from the oxidation of organic matter (OM) by OH• within snow to explain observed fluxes of photochemical origin from the South Pole snowpack. This work shows that laboratory-derived photochemical production rates of HCHO and our standard model are inconsistent with field observations, which has implications for the distribution of OM relative to oxidants within ice particles. We resolve this inconsistency using new laboratory measurements of the molecular dynamics of the OH• photofragment from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitrate (NO3–) photolysis, which show that only OH produced in the outermost monolayers can contribute to gas phase and surface layer chemistry. Using these new measurements in conjunction with realistic treatments of ice grain size, H2O2 and NO3– distribution within ice grains, diffusion of gas species within solid ice, and observed OM particle size distributions yields snowpack HCHO photochemical production rates more consistent with observations.

scholarly journals Submillimeter Site Testing at Dome C, Antarctica

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo G. Calisse ◽  
Michael C. B. Ashley ◽  
Michael G. Burton ◽  
Michael A. Phillips ◽  
John W. V. Storey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Pole ◽  
Site Testing ◽  
The South ◽  
Atmospheric Opacity ◽  
Antarctic Plateau ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Better Than

AbstractWe have developed a 350 μm radiometer to perform automated site testing in remote regions of Antarctica. In summer 2000–2001 the instrument operated at Concordia, a new station under construction at Dome C on the Antarctic Plateau. We present the results, and compare them with the atmospheric opacity measured at the South Pole in the same five-week period. During these five weeks, observing conditions at Dome C were, on average, substantially better than those at the South Pole.

scholarly journals Millimetre Astronomy from the High Antarctic Plateau: Site Testing at Dome C

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Valenziano ◽  
G. Dall'Oglio
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Precipitable Water ◽  
South Pole ◽  
Site Testing ◽  
The South ◽  
Precipitable Water Vapour ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Antarctic Plateau

AbstractPreliminary site testing results at Dome C (Antarctica) are presented, using both Automatic Weather Station (AWS) meteorological data (1986–1993) and Precipitable Water Vapour (PWV) measurements made by the authors. A comparison with the South Pole and other sites is made. The South Pole is a well established astrophysical observing site, where extremely good conditions are reported for a large fraction of time during the year. Dome C, where Italy and France are building a new scientific station, is a potential observing site in the millimetre and submillimetre range. AWS are operating at both sites and they have been continuously monitoring temperature, pressure and wind speed and direction for more than ten years. Site testing instruments are already operating at the South Pole (AASTO, Automated Astrophysical Site-Testing Observatory), while light experiments have been running at Dome C (APACHE, Antarctic Plateau Anisotropy CHasing Experiment) during summertime. A direct comparison between the two sites is planned in the near future, using the AASTO. The present analysis shows that the average wind speed is lower at Dome C (∼1 ms−1) than at the South Pole (∼2 ms−1), while temperature and PWV are comparable.

scholarly journals Mid‐Infrared Sky Brightness Site Testing at the South Pole

1998 ◽  
Vol 110 (748) ◽  
pp. 747-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig H.  Smith ◽  
Doyal A.  Harper
Keyword(s):  
South Pole ◽  
Site Testing ◽  
The South ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Sky Brightness

scholarly journals Submillimeter Astronomy from the South Pole (AST/RO)

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S288) ◽  
pp. 146-153
Author(s):  
Antony A. Stark
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Humidity ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Submillimeter Wave ◽  
South Pole ◽  
Site Testing ◽  
The South ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
The Antarctic

AbstractThe Antarctic Submillimeter Telescope and Remote Observatory (AST/RO), a 1.7 m diameter offset Gregorian telescope for astronomy and aeronomy studies at wavelengths between 200 and 2000 μm, saw first light in 1995 and operated until 2005. It was the first radio telescope to operate continuously throughout the winter on the Antarctic Plateau. It served as a site testing instrument and prototype for later instruments, as well as executing a wide variety of scientific programs that resulted in six doctoral theses and more than one hundred scientific publications. The South Pole environment is unique among observatory sites for unusually low wind speeds, low absolute humidity, and the consistent clarity of the submillimeter sky. Especially significant are the exceptionally low values of sky noise found at this site, a result of the small water vapor content of the atmosphere. Multiple submillimeter-wave and Terahertz detector systems were in operation on AST/RO, including heterodyne and bolometric arrays. AST/RO's legacy includes comprehensive submillimeter-wave site testing of the South Pole, spectroscopic studies of 492 GHz and 809 GHz neutral atomic carbon and 460 GHz and 806 GHz carbon monoxide in the Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds, and the first detection of the 1.46 THz [N II] line from a ground-based observatory.

Expedition to the South Pole: experience of the laboratory game on polar sciences with primary schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Federica La Longa ◽  
Massimo Crescimbene ◽  
Lucilla Alfonsi ◽  
Claudio Cesaroni ◽  
Vincenzo Romano
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
South Pole ◽  
The South

scholarly journals Design and performance of the first IceAct demonstrator at the South Pole

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. T02002-T02002
Author(s):  
M.G. Aartsen ◽  
M. Ackermann ◽  
J. Adams ◽  
J.A. Aguilar ◽  
M. Ahlers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Pole ◽  
The South ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Publisher Correction: Record warming at the South Pole during the past three decades

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle R. Clem ◽  
Ryan L. Fogt ◽  
John Turner ◽  
Benjamin R. Lintner ◽  
Gareth J. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Pole ◽  
The South ◽  
The Past
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document