Discussion on “Medical applications of X-rays”

1934 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Maurice Gibson ◽  
H.L. Constantine
Keyword(s):  
1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. J. Barty ◽  
C. L. Gordon ◽  
B. E. Lemoff ◽  
G. Y. Yin ◽  
P. M. Bell

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 054901 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ceccolini ◽  
F. Rocchi ◽  
D. Mostacci ◽  
M. Sumini ◽  
A. Tartari ◽  
...  

1974 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1891-1895 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Mallozzi ◽  
H. M. Epstein ◽  
R. G. Jung ◽  
D. C. Applebaum ◽  
B. P. Fairand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Colin J Martin

The opening chapter introduces the use of radiation in medicine. It lists the main events in the application of radiation following the discovery of X-rays in 1895, the beginning of the use of radioactive sources in therapy in the early 1900s, the development of nuclear medicine in the 1960s, and the first computed tomography scanner in 1972. Radiation protection began to develop as a specialty at an early stage, but it was following analysis of effects on the survivors of the atomic bombs dropped on Japan that the need for stricter control became apparent. The chapter also reviews the development of standards for non-ionizing radiations. Summaries of medical applications for all parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are included, and the main biological effects of different types of radiation are included.


2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (17) ◽  
pp. 1540020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Flanz

History has shown that energetic particles can be useful for medical applications. From the time, in 1895 when Roentgen discovered X-rays, and in 1913 when Coolidge developed the vacuum X-ray tube, energetic particles have been an important tool for medicine. Development of the appropriate tool for effective and safe radiotherapy requires an in-depth understanding of the application and constraints. Various solutions are possible and choices must be analyzed on the basis of the suitability for meeting the requirements. Some of the requirements of charged particle therapy are summarized and various accelerator options are described and discussed.


1934 ◽  
Vol 5 (17) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
H.L. Constantine
Keyword(s):  

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
E. Hildner

AbstractOver the last twenty years, orbiting coronagraphs have vastly increased the amount of observational material for the whitelight corona. Spanning almost two solar cycles, and augmented by ground-based K-coronameter, emission-line, and eclipse observations, these data allow us to assess,inter alia: the typical and atypical behavior of the corona; how the corona evolves on time scales from minutes to a decade; and (in some respects) the relation between photospheric, coronal, and interplanetary features. This talk will review recent results on these three topics. A remark or two will attempt to relate the whitelight corona between 1.5 and 6 R⊙to the corona seen at lower altitudes in soft X-rays (e.g., with Yohkoh). The whitelight emission depends only on integrated electron density independent of temperature, whereas the soft X-ray emission depends upon the integral of electron density squared times a temperature function. The properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) will be reviewed briefly and their relationships to other solar and interplanetary phenomena will be noted.


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