ScottishPower power systems: integration of protection and control equipment - experience to date

The renewed quest for situational awareness in power systems has brought about the use of digital signal processing of power system measurements, and the transmission of such data to control centres via communication networks. At the control centres, power system stability algorithms are executed to provide monitoring, protection, and control in order to prevent blackouts. This can be achieved by upgrading the existing Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems through the deployment of newly proposed power system synchrophasor-based applications for Wide Area Monitoring, Protection, and Control (WAMPAC). However, this can only be done when there is a complete understanding of the methods and technologies associated with the communication network, message structure, and formats required. This paper presents an analysis of the IEEE C37.118 synchrophasor message framework, message formats, and data communication of synchrophasor measurements from Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) for WAMPAC schemes in smart grids. A newly designed lab-scale testbed is implemented and used in the practical experimentation relating to this paper. Synchrophasor measurements from the PMUs are captured using a network protocol analyzer software-Wireshark, and the compliance of the synchrophasor message structures and formats captured was compared to the specifications defined in the IEEE C37.118 synchrophasor standard.

Download Full-text

The 9th Power Systems Protection and Control Conference (PSPC2015)

10.1109/pspc35090.2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Keyword(s):

Power Systems ◽

Protection And Control ◽

And Control ◽

Power Systems Protection

Download Full-text

Introduction of the Low-Entropy Signal Concept

Elektrichestvo ◽

10.24160/0013-5380-2020-10-33-43 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 33-43

Author(s):

Nikolay V. KOROVKIN ◽

◽

St. S. GRITSUTENKO ◽

Keyword(s):

Power Systems ◽

Radio Signal ◽

Electrical Signal ◽

Quantization Noise ◽

Electric Signal ◽

Analog To Digital ◽

High Entropy ◽

Control Equipment ◽

And Control ◽

Low Entropy

The article introduces the concept of a low-entropy signal as a time dependence that has a small variability coefficient. A high-entropy radio signal and a low-entropy electrical signal are compared. It is determined as a result of modeling that the variability coefficient of the electrical signal is 100 or more times smaller than the radio signal variability coefficient; therefore, this indicator is selected as a criterion for discrimination of electrical and radio signals. A conclusion is drawn about the need to improve the mathematical techniques for digital processing of signals for analyzing the currents and voltages in electric power systems. It is also shown that low entropy of an electrical signal can be used for improving the accuracy of instrumentation and control equipment. The effect of quantization noise degeneration into a set of harmonic components in modeling the analog-to-digital conversion of currents and voltages in measurement devices is considered. A procedure for compensating this effect by adding white Gaussian noise prior to carry out the quantization operation is proposed. A procedure that allows better accuracy of instrumentation and control equipment to be obtained by using the low entropy of an electric signal is presented. The analog-to-digital converter circuit diagram is given, and the gain in the conversion accuracy is estimated.

Download Full-text