Commissioning new electrical multiple units

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Units

Brakes along the Line

1992 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
M J Leigh
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Engineering Profession ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Multiple Units

The Railway Division Chairman reviews his career in railway braking with Davies and Metcalfe, including his apprenticeship in the automobile industry. He outlines his involvement with various multiple units in the United Kingdom and Australia, discussing the brake blending with its possibilities. The outcome of locomotive brake competition in the direct release market is described and the advantages of two-pipe brake systems for both direct and graduable braking are highlighted. He concludes by mentioning training and the engineering profession.

Selling multiple units to strategic consumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Chen Jin ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Chenguang (Allen) Wu
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Consumers ◽  
Multiple Units

Testing whether implicit emotion regulation mediates the association between discrimination and symptoms of psychopathology in late childhood: An RDoC perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
T.G. Vargas ◽  
V.A. Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Implicit Emotion Regulation ◽  
Multiple Units

Abstract Discrimination has been associated with adverse mental health outcomes, though it is unclear how early in life this association becomes apparent. Implicit emotion regulation, developing during childhood, is a foundational skill tied to a range of outcomes. Implicit emotion regulation has yet to be tested as an associated process for mental illness symptoms that can often emerge during this sensitive developmental period. Youth aged 9–11 were recruited for the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Associations between psychotic-like experiences, depressive symptoms, and total discrimination (due to race, ethnicity, nationality, weight, or sexual minority status) were tested, as well as associations with implicit emotion regulation measures (emotional updating working memory and inhibitory control). Analyses examined whether associations with symptoms were mediated by implicit emotion regulation. Discrimination related to decreased implicit emotion regulation performance, and increased endorsement of depressive symptoms and psychotic-like experiences. Emotional updating working memory performance partially mediated the association between discrimination and psychotic-like experiences, while emotional inhibitory control did not. Discrimination and implicit emotion regulation could serve as putative transdiagnostic markers of vulnerability. Results support the utility of using multiple units of analysis to improve understanding of complex emerging neurocognitive functions and developmentally sensitive periods.

scholarly journals Identification of the Major Noise Energy Sources in Rail Vehicles Moving at a Speed of 200 km/h

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3957
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Polak ◽  
Jarosław Korzeb
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Dominant Source ◽  
Railway Vehicles ◽  
Measurement Apparatus ◽  
Rail Vehicles ◽  
Noise Energy ◽  
Rolling Noise ◽  
Multiple Units

In this work, the problematic identification of the main sources of noise occurring from the exploitation of railway vehicles moving at a speed of 200 km/h were analyzed. Within the conducted experimental research, the testing fields were appointed, measurement apparatus selected, and a methodology for conducting measurements was defined, including the assessment of noise on a curve and straight track for electric multiple units of the so-called Pendolino, an Alstom type ETR610 series ED25 train. The measurements were made using a microphone camera Bionic S-112 at a distance of 22 m from the track axis. As a result of the conducted experimental research, it was indicated that the noise resulting from vibrations arising at the wheel-rail contact (rolling noise) was the dominant source of sound.

scholarly journals Characterisation and Control of a Woven Biomimetic Actuator for Wearable Neurorehabilitative Devices

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Vaughan Murphy ◽  
Brandon P. R. Edmonds ◽  
Ana Luisa Trejos
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Total Force ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Soft Actuator ◽  
Sewing Thread ◽  
And Control ◽  
Fabric Mesh ◽  
Biomimetic Actuator ◽  
Multiple Units

Twisted coiled actuators (TCAs) are a type of soft actuator made from polymer fibres such as nylon sewing thread. As they provide motion in a compact, lightweight, and flexible package, they provide a solution to the actuation of wearable mechatronic devices for motion assistance. Their limitation is that they provide low total force, requiring them to actuate in parallel with multiple units. Previous literature has shown that the force and stroke production can be improved by incorporating them into fabric meshes. A fabric mesh could also improve the contraction efficiency, strain rate, and user comfort. Therefore, this study focused on measuring these performance metrics for a set of TCAs embedded into a woven fabric mesh. The experimental results show that the stroke of the actuators scaled linearly with the number of activated TCAs, achieving a maximum applied force of 11.28 N, a maximum stroke of 12.23%, and an efficiency of 1.8%. Additionally, two control methods were developed and evaluated, resulting in low overshoot and steady-state error. These results indicate that the designed actuators are viable for use in wearable mechatronic devices, since they can scale to meet different requirements, while being able to be accurately controlled with minimal additional components.

Changes in diaphragm motor unit EMG during fatigue

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1917-1926 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Sieck ◽  
M. Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Motor Unit ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Evoked Force ◽  
Slow Twitch ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fast Twitch ◽  
Multiple Units ◽  
Motor Unit Emg ◽  
Stimulation Of

Fatigue-related changes in the waveform and root-mean-square (rms) values of evoked motor unit electromyographic (EMG) responses were studied in the right sternocostal region of the cat diaphragm. Motor units were isolated by microdissection and stimulation of C5 ventral root filaments and then classified as fast-twitch fatigable (FF), fast-twitch fatigue intermediate (FInt), fast-twitch fatigue resistant (FR), or slow-twitch (S) based on standard physiological criteria. The evoked EMG responses of S and FR units showed very little change during the fatigue test. The evoked EMG waveform and rms values of FF and FInt units displayed variable changes during the fatigue test. When changes were observed, they typically included a prolongation of the EMG waveform, a decrease in peak amplitude, and a decrease in rms value. The changes in EMG amplitude and rms values were not correlated. In more fatigable units, the decrease in force during the fatigue test generally exceeded the decrease in EMG rms values. Changes in the evoked force and EMG responses of multiple units innervated by C5 or C6 ventral roots were also examined during the fatigue test. The decrease in diaphragm force during the fatigue test closely matched the force decline predicted by the proportionate contribution of different motor unit types. However, the observed reduction in diaphragm EMG rms values during the fatigue test exceeded that predicted based on the aggregate contribution of different motor unit types. It was concluded that changes in EMG do not reflect the extent of diaphragm fatigue.

Health Assessment of Electric Multiple Units

2019 ◽  
pp. 247-263
Author(s):  
Tianyun Shi ◽  
Haiyan Shen ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Ge Guo
Keyword(s):  
Health Assessment ◽  
Multiple Units
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