Frequency regulation modeling considering coordination of NON-AGC units under peak load dispatch

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Tao ◽  
Yu Jilai
Keyword(s):  
Peak Load ◽  
Frequency Regulation

scholarly journals Research on Real-time Intelligent Load Control Technology among Giant Hydropower Station Group under High-intensity Peak-load and Frequency Regulation Demand

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 01107
Author(s):  
Wei Luo ◽  
Qingxiang Zhong ◽  
Faying Gu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Load Control ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Cascade Hydropower Stations ◽  
Hydropower Stations

The paper conducts an in-depth study on the real-time dispatching involved in joint operation among giant cascade hydropower stations with high-intensity peak-load and frequency regulation demand, and proposes anintelligent load control technology for cascade hydropower stations in the coordination mode of station and power grid. Aiming to water level safety control of runoff power stations and rapid response to load regulation requirements of the power grid, taking 10 types of constraints such as output, water volume and flow rate into consideration, a model cluster is established through the layered control principle to realize real-time intelligent load allocation and economic operation among Pubugou, Shenxigou and Zhentouba stations. Dadu River has become the first large-scale river basin in China to realize “one-key dispatch” of multiple stations, and has achieved good demonstration effect.

scholarly journals V2G—An Economic Gamechanger in E-Mobility?

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Høj ◽  
Lasse Juhl ◽  
Søren Lindegaard
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Business Case ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
Energy Grid

The Vehicle-2-grid (V2G) technology enabling bidirectional charging between electric vehicles and the energy grid system for frequency regulation and load balancing has the potential of significantly improving the financial viability of electric mobility. This paper has identified that the introduction of V2G offers a plethora of potentially beneficial business models, which primarily focus on providing stability services to the energy grid and optimizing the economic benefits of owning an EV. Within these overarching categories, it is likely that several niche business models will emerge, as the current V2G concepts include the integration of intermittent renewable energy into the grid, reduction of peak load, charging optimization, and regulation of participating capacity. Most important is the balancing of the five market factors in order to create a profitable business case, as this is what makes V2G move from a potential revenue generator to a profitable business.

scholarly journals A Feasibility Study of Frequency Regulation Energy Storage System Installation in a Power Plant

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5365
Author(s):  
Lateef Onaadepo Ibrahim ◽  
Youl-Moon Sung ◽  
Doosoo Hyun ◽  
Minhan Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power System ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Relay Coordination

The aim of this work is to analyze and stabilize the power system when connecting an energy storage system (ESS) to replace the traditional power reserve of a power plant. Thus, it is necessary to validate and simulate the power facility protection system using a relay coordination approach. The input feasibility of the generator for the frequency regulation (FR) of the operational ESS is also validated through detailed analysis studies including power flow, short circuit and relay coordination analysis. The case scenarios for ESS installation are categorized based on its operation mode and location in the power system. These studies are carried out on the power system at the peak load condition specified for both grids. With the electrical transient analyzer program (ETAP), an analysis is performed to study the implementation of the ESS in a large, integrated power system to determine which location best fits the installation of ESS considering the load flow, short circuit and relay coordination results in each case scenario. Cost evaluation was performed for the choice of locations under study.

scholarly journals Full Life Cycle Management of Power System Integrated With Renewable Energy: Concepts, Developments and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Wang ◽  
Yikai Li ◽  
Xiaojun Wang ◽  
Zengtao Zhao ◽  
Ning Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Continuous Growth

Under high-penetration of renewable energy, power grid is facing with the development problems such as production delay, wind and solar power abandoning. With the continuous growth of renewable energy installation such as wind power, photovoltaic (PV), as well as the increase of power generation capacity, it is urgent to increase peak-load and frequency regulation capacity on a large scale to alleviate the consumption problems caused by large renewable energy integration, and then requires power generation enterprises of peak-load and frequency regulation to increase relevant equipment assets. As a result, peak-load and frequency regulation enterprises must carry out scientific cost management of equipment assets. This paper introduces the concepts, developments and perspectives of life cycle cost (LCC) management of equipment assets in high-penetrated renewable energy power grid, and probes into cost collection and estimation scheme in the process of equipment asset management.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Fast Battery Energy Storage System for Primary Frequency Response

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Stein ◽  
Moe Tun ◽  
Marc Matsuura ◽  
Richard Rocheleau
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Electric Utility ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Battery Energy Storage ◽  
Utility Company ◽  
Battery Energy

In response to increasing integration of renewable energy sources on electric grid systems, battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are being deployed world-wide to provide grid services, including fast frequency regulation. Without mitigating technologies, such as BESSs, highly variable renewables can cause operational and reliability problems on isolated grids. Prior to the deployment of a BESS, an electric utility company will typically perform modeling to estimate cost benefits and determine grid impacts. While there may be a comparison of grid operations before and after BESS installation, passive monitoring typically does not provide information needed to tune the BESS such that the desired services are maintained, while also minimizing the cycling of the BESS. This paper presents the results of testing from a live grid using a method that systematically characterizes the performance of a BESS. The method is sensitive enough to discern how changes in tuning parameters effect both grid service and the cycling of the BESS. This paper discusses the application of this methodology to a 1 MW BESS regulating the entire island of Hawaii (180 MW peak load) in-situ. Significant mitigation of renewable volatility was demonstrated while minimizing BESS cycling.

Effect Of Elevated Temperatures On Complete Concrete Deformation Diagrams

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Relative Deformation ◽  
Deformation Characteristics ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Deformation Diagrams

The analysis of the previous results of the study on concrete stress-strain behavior at elevated temperatures has been carried out. Based on the analysis, the main reasons for strength retrogression and elastic modulus reduction of concrete have been identified. Despite a significant amount of research in this area, there is a large spread in experimental data received, both as a result of compression and tension. In addition, the deformation characteristics of concrete are insufficiently studied: the coefficient of transverse deformation, the limiting relative compression deformation corresponding to the peak load and the almost complete absence of studies of complete deformation diagrams at elevated temperatures. The two testing chambers provided creating the necessary temperature conditions for conducting studies under bending compression and tension have been developed. On the basis of the obtained experimental data of physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete at different temperatures under conditions of axial compression and tensile bending, conclusions about the nature of changes in strength and deformation characteristics have been drawn. Compression tests conducted following the method of concrete deformation complete curves provided obtaining diagrams not only at normal temperature, but also at elevated temperature. Based on the experimental results, dependences of changes in prism strength and elastic modulus as well as an equation for determining the relative deformation and stresses at elevated temperatures at all stages of concrete deterioration have been suggested.

Improvement Of Curvilinear Diagrams Of Concrete Deformation

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Deformation Diagrams

Problems when calculating reinforced concrete structures based on the concrete deformation under compression diagram, which is presented both in Russian and foreign regulatory documents on the design of concrete and reinforced concrete structures are considered. The correctness of their compliance for all classes of concrete remains very approximate, especially a significant difference occurs when using Euronorm due to the different shape and sizes of the samples. At present, there are no methodical recommendations for determining the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under axial compression and the construction of curvilinear deformation diagrams, which leads to limited experimental data and, as a result, does not make it possible to enter more detailed ultimate strain values into domestic standards. The results of experimental studies to determine the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under compression for different classes of concrete, which allowed to make analytical dependences for the evaluation of the ultimate relative deformations and description of curvilinear deformation diagrams, are presented. The article discusses various options for using the deformation model to assess the stress-strain state of the structure, it is concluded that it is necessary to use not only the finite values of the ultimate deformations, but also their intermediate values. This requires reliable diagrams "s–e” for all classes of concrete. The difficulties of measuring deformations in concrete subjected to peak load, corresponding to the prismatic strength, as well as main cracks that appeared under conditions of long-term step loading are highlighted. Variants of more accurate measurements are proposed. Development and implementation of the new standard GOST "Concretes. Methods for determination of complete diagrams" on the basis of the developed method for obtaining complete diagrams of concrete deformation under compression for the evaluation of ultimate deformability of concrete under compression are necessary.

A Robust Control Approach for Primary Frequency Regulation through Variable Speed Wind Turbines

2010 ◽  
Vol 130 (11) ◽  
pp. 1002-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Morel ◽  
Hassan Bevrani ◽  
Teruhiko Ishii ◽  
Takashi Hiyama
Keyword(s):  
Robust Control ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Primary Frequency
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