Study on measurement of flame temperature using a linear CCD

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Yinghui ◽  
Zheng Dezhong
Keyword(s):  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Linear Ccd

Electron microscopy studies of plasma-sprayed materials

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
K.R. Subramanian ◽  
A.H. King ◽  
H. Herman
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Spraying ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Metallic Substrates ◽  
Hot Plasma ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Plasma Sprayed ◽  
Hostile Environments ◽  
Plasma Spraying Process

Plasma spraying is a technique which is used to apply coatings to metallic substrates for a variety of purposes, including hardfacing, corrosion resistance and thermal barrier applications. Almost all of the applications of this somewhat esoteric fabrication technique involve materials in hostile environments and the integrity of the coatings is of paramount importance: the effects of process variables on such properties as adhesive strength, cohesive strength and hardness of the substrate/coating system, however, are poorly understood.Briefly, the plasma spraying process involves forming a hot plasma jet with a maximum flame temperature of approximately 20,000K and a gas velocity of about 40m/s. Into this jet the coating material is injected, in powder form, so it is heated and projected at the substrate surface. Relatively thick metallic or ceramic coatings may be speedily built up using this technique.

scholarly journals Research on the Ignition Height and Reaction Flame Temperature of PTFE/Al/Si/CuO with Different Mass Ratios of PTFE/Si

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3464
Author(s):  
Xuan Zou ◽  
Jingyuan Zhou ◽  
Xianwen Ran ◽  
Yiting Wu ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Release ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Reactive Material ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Release Capacity ◽  
Mass Ratios ◽  
The Relationship

Recent studies have shown that the energy release capacity of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/Al with Si, and CuO, respectively, is higher than that of PTFE/Al. PTFE/Al/Si/CuO reactive materials with four proportions of PTFE/Si were designed by the molding–sintering process to study the influence of different PTFE/Si mass ratios on energy release. A drop hammer was selected for igniting the specimens, and the high-speed camera and spectrometer systems were used to record the energy release process and the flame spectrum, respectively. The ignition height of the reactive material was obtained by fitting the relationship between the flame duration and the drop height. It was found that the ignition height of PTFE/Al/Si/CuO containing 20% PTFE/Si is 48.27 cm, which is the lowest compared to the ignition height of other Si/PTFE ratios of PTFE/Al/Si/CuO; the flame temperature was calculated from the flame spectrum. It was found that flame temperature changes little for the same reactive material at different drop heights. Compared with the flame temperature of PTFE/Al/Si/CuO with four mass ratios, it was found that the flame temperature of PTFE/Al/Si/CuO with 20% PTFE/Si is the highest, which is 2589 K. The results show that PTFE/Al/Si/CuO containing 20% PTFE/Si is easier to be ignited and has a stronger temperature destruction effect.

Measurement of the parameters of a linear CCD structure as a one-dimensional X-ray imaging detector

1983 ◽  
Vol 208 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Fedotov ◽  
E.A. Kuper ◽  
V.N. Litvinenko ◽  
V.E. Panchenko ◽  
V.A. Ushakov
Keyword(s):  
One Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Linear Ccd ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Imaging Detector

scholarly journals Variable Temperature Synthesis of Tunable Flame-Generated Carbon Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Francesca Picca ◽  
Angela Di Pietro ◽  
Mario Commodo ◽  
Patrizia Minutolo ◽  
Andrea D’Anna
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Electrical Mobility ◽  
Material Synthesis ◽  
Online Measurements ◽  
Degree Of Graphitization

In this study, flame-formed carbon nanoparticles of different nanostructures have been produced by changing the flame temperature. Raman spectroscopy has been used for the characterization of the carbon nanoparticles, while the particle size has been obtained by online measurements made by electrical mobility analysis. The results show that, in agreement with recent literature data, a large variety of carbon nanoparticles, with a different degree of graphitization, can be produced by changing the flame temperature. This methodology allows for the synthesis of very small carbon nanoparticles with a size of about 3-4 nm and with different graphitic orders. Under the perspective of the material synthesis process, the variable-temperature flame-synthesis of carbon nanoparticles appears as an attractive procedure for a cost-effective and easily scalable production of highly tunable carbon nanoparticles.

Study on the Effect of Adiabatic Flame Temperature on NOx Formation Using Ethanol Gasoline Blend in SI Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2471-2475 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Masum ◽  
M.A. Kalam ◽  
H.H. Masjuki ◽  
S. M. Palash
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Adiabatic Flame Temperature ◽  
No Formation ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Active Research

Active research and development on using ethanol fuel in gasoline engine had been done for few decades since ethanol served as a potential of infinite fuel supply. This paper discussed analytically and provides data on the effects of compression ratio, equivalence ratio, inlet temperature, inlet pressure and ethanol blend in cylinder adiabatic flame temperature (AFT) and nitrogen oxide (NO) formation of a gasoline engine. Olikara and Borman routines were used to calculate the equilibrium products of combustion for ethanol gasoline blended fuel. The equilibrium values of each species were used to predict AFT and the NO formation of combustion chamber. The result shows that both adiabatic flame temperature and NO formation are lower for ethanol-gasoline blend than gasoline fuel.

Numerical Study on the Effect of Inner Tube Position on Heat Transfer Process in Self-Recuperative Radiant Tube

2011 ◽  
Vol 228-229 ◽  
pp. 676-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Tian ◽  
Xun Liang Liu ◽  
Zhi Wen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Transfer Process ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mathematic Model ◽  
Heat Transfer Process ◽  
Bulk Temperature ◽  
Radiant Tube ◽  
Peak Value

A three-dimensional mathematic model is developed for a 100kw single-end recuperative radiant tube and the simulation is performed with the CFD software FLUENT. Also it is used to investigate the effect of distance between combustion chamber exit and inner tube on heat transfer process. The results suggest that the peak value of combustion flame temperature drops along with the increasing of distance, which leads to low NOX discharging. Also radiant tube surface bulk temperature decreases, which causes radiant tube heating performance losses.

A Numerical Study on the Reactivity of Biogas/Reformed-Gas/Air and Methane/Reformed-Gas/Air Mixtures at Gas Turbine Relevant Conditions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Diaz Gomez Maqueo ◽  
Philippe Versailles ◽  
Gilles Bourque ◽  
Jeffrey M. Bergthorson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Laminar Flame ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Flame Speed ◽  
Flame Stability ◽  
Laminar Flame Speed ◽  
Fuel Reforming ◽  
Numerical Work ◽  
Chemical Effects

This study investigates the increase in methane and biogas flame reactivity enabled by the addition of syngas produced through fuel reforming. To isolate thermodynamic and chemical effects on the reactivity of the mixture, the burner simulations are performed with a constant adiabatic flame temperature of 1800 K. Compositions and temperatures are calculated with the chemical equilibrium solver of CANTERA® and the reactivity of the mixture is quantified using the adiabatic, freely-propagating premixed flame, and perfectly-stirred reactors of the CHEMKIN-Pro® software package. The results show that the produced syngas has a content of up to 30 % H2 with a temperature up to 950 K. When added to the fuel, it increases the laminar flame speed while maintaining a burning temperature of 1800 K. Even when cooled to 300 K, the laminar flame speed increases up to 30 % from the baseline of pure biogas. Hence, a system can be developed that controls and improves biogas flame stability under low reactivity conditions by varying the fraction of added syngas to the mixture. This motivates future experimental work on reforming technologies coupled with gas turbine exhausts to validate this numerical work.

Analysis of Water–Fuel Ratio Variation in a Gas Turbine With a Wet-Compressor System by Change in Fuel Composition

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonatan Cadavid ◽  
Andres Amell ◽  
Juan Alzate ◽  
Gerjan Bermejo ◽  
Gustavo A. Ebratt
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Burning Velocity ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Fuel Composition ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbon ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Combustion Properties

The wet compressor (WC) has become a reliable way to reduce gas emissions and increase gas turbine efficiency. However, fuel source diversification in the short and medium terms presents a challenge for gas turbine operators to know how the WC will respond to changes in fuel composition. For this study, we assessed the operational data of two thermal power generators, with outputs of 610 MW and 300 MW, in Colombia. The purpose was to determine the maximum amount of water that can be added into a gas turbine with a WC system, as well as how the NOx/CO emissions vary due to changes in fuel composition. The combustion properties of different gaseous hydrocarbon mixtures at wet conditions did not vary significantly from each other—except for the laminar burning velocity. It was found that the fuel/air equivalence ratio in the turbine reduced with lower CH4 content in the fuel. Less water can be added to the turbine with leaner combustion; the water/fuel ratio was decreased over the range of 1.4–0.4 for the studied case. The limit is mainly due to a reduction in flame temperature and major risk of lean blowout (LBO) or dynamic instabilities. A hybrid reaction mechanism was created from GRI-MECH 3.0 and NGIII to model hydrocarbons up to C5 with NOx formation. The model was validated with experimental results published previously in literature. Finally, the effect of atmospheric water in the premixed combustion was analyzed and explained.

Flame temperature measurements by radar resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization of molecular oxygen

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (28) ◽  
pp. 6864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Wu ◽  
Jordan Sawyer ◽  
Zhili Zhang ◽  
Steven F. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Multiphoton Ionization ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Temperature Measurements
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