How the use of average speed control could influence driver behaviour when implementing 80mph speed limits

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Speed Control ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Average Speed

scholarly journals Speed management as a measure to improve road safety on Polish regional roads

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Gaca ◽  
Sylwia Pogodzińska
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Speed Management ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Road Segments ◽  
Local Speed

The article presents the issue of the implementation of speed management measures on regional roads, whose character requires the use of different solutions than those on national roads. The authors briefly described speed management measures, the conditions for their implementation and their effectiveness with reference to environmental conditions and road safety. The further part of the paper presents selected results of the authors' research into the speed on various road segments equipped with different speed management measures. The estimations were made as to the impact of local speed limits and traffic calming measures on drivers' behaviour in free flow conditions. This research found that the introduction of the local speed limits cause reduction in average speed and 85th percentile speed up to 11.9 km/h (14.4%) and 16.3 km/h (16.8%) respectively. These values are averaged in the tested samples. Speed reduction depends strongly on the value of the limit and local circumstances. Despite speed reduction, the share of drivers who do not comply with speed limits was still high and ranged from 43% in the case of a 70 km/h limit, up to 89% for a 40 km/h limit. As far as comprehensive traffic calming measures are concerned, results show decrease in average speed and 85th percentile speed up to 18.1 km/h and 20.8 km/h respectively. For some road segments, however, the values of average speed and 85th percentile speed increased. It confirms that the effectiveness of speed management measures is strongly determined by local circumstances.

An Optimization Model for Dynamic Speed Control in Urban Freeway Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 668-669 ◽  
pp. 1458-1461
Author(s):  
Zhao Hong Zhang ◽  
Da Zhi Sun ◽  
Jin Peng Lv ◽  
Joseph Sai ◽  
M. Faruqi
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Microscopic Traffic Simulation ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Average Travel Time ◽  
Freeway Networks ◽  
Urban Freeway

This paper introduced an optimization model to address dynamic speed control strategies for achieving network-wide speed harmonization. Genetic Algorithm (GA) was applied to search the optimal solution of the proposed model. During the search process, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based analytical model and microscopic traffic simulation VISSIM were applied to evaluate the performance of possible solutions. The proposed model can be used to determine the deployment of dynamic speed limits, the displayed speed limit, and the timing to change these speed limits. The proposed model was tested using VISSIM in an urban freeway network of about 12 miles long. Different simulation scenarios with varying AADT from 60,000 to 12,000 were tested. It was found that when properly implemented, dynamic speed control can improve traffic flow conditions, reduce congestion and emission, and enhance network throughput. For example, in the selected urban freeway network with the AADT of 80,000, the proposed dynamic speed control strategy can save 5% average travel time, reduce 9% of the vehicles with high collision risk and about 11% emission.

scholarly journals Speed Control: A Useful Tool of VTS

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
pp. 295-299
Author(s):  
C. W. Koburger
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Safety Factors ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Almost All

This paper discusses some of the implications of speed control in the vessel traffic picture, emphasizing how speed relates to other safety factors so that control can be utilized with understanding and sensitivity. Speed control can seldom if ever be examined in isolation. The structuring of vessel traffic schemes implies a need for some form of speed control as an integral part of almost all those schemes. One technique reinforces the other. Speed limits become extremely critical at the lower end of the speed scale, the higher the traffic density, the more critical the limits. Again, the requirement for enforcement becomes clear. No over-emphasis of these operational limitations should be allowed to cloud the indisputable fact that — for the individual ship as well as for traffic management — speed control can be a most useful tool. At least three papers have been published in recent years pointing out that speed reduction by ships for safety purposes, either by individual ships themselves or through general imposition by a shore-based vessel traffic system (VTS), needs in all cases to be used with great care, reluctance even. Their warnings can easily be turned into a negative approach to such control. A number of points would therefore seem to demand looking at again.

scholarly journals Optimal Winter Speed Limit

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suthipun Thaneseun ◽  
Seiichi Kagaya ◽  
Ken-etsu Uchida ◽  
Toru Hagiwara
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Optimal Average

This study aims to determine the optimal winter speed limit through the application of a cost analysis and by analysis of effects of road and traffic conditions. Initially, a cost analysis of travel time costs, vehicle operating costs, pollution costs, and accident cost was applied to determine optimal average speed on the basis of the minimum total cost. Then, the effects of road and traffic conditions were calculated by regression analysis. Finally, the optimal winter speed limits were achieved. In conclusion, we found that our model was reliable and the results were appropriate and sustainable for the long term.

scholarly journals The Driver Behaviour and Impact of Speed on Road Safety on the Motorways in Croatia

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Goran Zovak ◽  
Goran Kos ◽  
Boris Huzjan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Straight Section ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Geometric Elements ◽  
High Serviceability

The paper presents the current research related to the speed of traffic flow on the roads of high serviceability. It analyses the speed of vehicle as one of the main causes of traffic accidents. A flat four-lane motorway section, motorway section in the tunnel and a city bypass section were chosen for this research, and several speed limit scenarios for the vehicles have been applied with the aid of variable signalling. The survey results show that few vehicles respect the speed limits in traffic in the case of a straight section of motorway or city stretch of the motorway which has good geometric elements; however, speed limits are exceptionally well respected in tunnels. Although a large number of drivers do not respect the signs, a certain group of drivers can be influenced by variable signs of limitations, and thus positive changes can be achieved in traffic flow which will result in increasing the traffic safety on the motorways. Thus, increasing the degree of respect for speed limits on the motorways directly affects the increase in the level of traffic safety. It is necessary to influence the group of drivers who do not respect the speed limits with other measures, including repressive ones.

scholarly journals The Effect of Posted Speed Limit on the Dispersion of Traffic Flow Speed

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Gao ◽  
Jinliang Xu ◽  
Qunshan Li ◽  
Jie Yang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Flow State ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
The Road

Speed dispersion is an important indicator to portray the quality of traffic flow and is closely related to the road safety operation level. In order to clarify the influence of posted speed limits on the dispersion of traffic flow speed, three sections with speed limits of 80 km/h, 100 km/h and 120 km/h on the same expressway were selected for observation, and traffic volume, speed and other parameters were collected. The characteristic speeds, such as average speed, V15 and V85, were evaluation indicators, where V15 and V85 are the speeds of the 15th and 85th percentiles measured at the feature points of the road when the traffic is in a free-flow state and the weather is good. The relationship between different posted speed limit values and the above indicators was analyzed using the statistical analysis software, SPSS. The results show that the speed limit has a high correlation with the average speed of traffic flow, V15 and V85 in free-flow state, with the coefficient of determination being as high as 0.84, 0.85 and 0.92, respectively. In the restricted flow state, the factors affecting the driver’s driving speed are mainly the decrease in driving freedom caused by the increase of traffic volume rather than the speed limit value. In a free-flow state, when the posted speed limit is increased and the average speed and the V85 also increased by approximately the same magnitude. The posted speed limit values of 80 km/h, 100 km/h and 120 km/h correspond to the 90, 88 and 97 percentile speeds of the traffic flow, respectively. The higher the speed limit is, the larger the speed difference between V15 and V85 becomes. The results of the study are very useful for rationally determining the speed limit scheme under different traffic flows.

scholarly journals Effectiveness Evaluation of Section Speed Control in Czech Motorway Work Zones

Safety ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Jiří Ambros ◽  
Richard Turek ◽  
Jan Elgner ◽  
Zuzana Křivánková ◽  
Veronika Valentová
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Accident Rates ◽  
General Experience

The goal of section speed control is to increase speed limit compliance in the monitored road sections, decrease speed variance and improve traffic safety. General experience with section speed control on motorways is positive, with significant improvements in both speed and safety performance. The presented study focused on a unique application of section speed control in motorway work zones in the Czech Republic. Effectiveness was monitored (in terms of average speed, speeding and accident rates) in three sections and four time periods (normal operation, work zone, work zone with section speed control, normal operation), which allowed discerning individual effects of work zone and section speed control. In addition, a novel data source—floating car data—was used. Work zones were found to increase accident rates compared to normal operation and decrease with the introduction of section speed control. The effects on average speed, speed variance and speeding were positive, although smaller compared to the studies conducted in non-work zone conditions.

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