Enlightenment of Japanese 'Natural Park Act' to national park: planning construction and management in China

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Zhongguo ◽  
Wang Yapei
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Park Planning ◽  
Natural Park

scholarly journals Evaluation of Prioritized Natural Landscape Conservation Areas for National Park Planning in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ao Du ◽  
Weihua Xu ◽  
Yi Xiao ◽  
Tong Cui ◽  
Tianyu Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Landscape Conservation ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Park Planning ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
Four Levels

Protecting representative natural ecosystems, rich biodiversity, and unique natural landscapes are the main considerations in China’s national park planning. Here, we mapped the distribution of China’s natural landscapes and evaluated their protection values for national park planning and construction. Grading evaluation methods combining standard comparison, inventory method, and expert consultation were used, and four levels of natural landscapes were identified. Furthermore, priority areas for national parks establishment were also proposed. Of all the landscapes evaluated, 76 were extremely important, 481 were important, 2070 were moderately important, and 1213 were slightly important. A total number of 67 priority areas for natural landscapes were identified with a total area of 1,218,000 km2. They comprised land and sea areas of 1,148,000 and 69,000 km2, respectively. We suggest strengthening natural landscape protection by establishing natural parks in priority areas. Our study will contribute to the effective protection of natural landscapes in China.

Introduction

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Martin Blatt
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
National Park Service ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
World War ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Park Service ◽  
National Park System

Abstract These four essays critique Ken Burns's PBS documentary series The National Parks: America's Best Idea. Burns has over the last several decades established himself as the central producer of PBS multi-part documentaries, addressing such topics as the Civil War, baseball, jazz, and World War II. National Park Service (NPS) leadership recognized the promotional opportunities for the NPS and aligned themselves closely with Burns and PBS. Critical discussion in the essays focuses in three areas: the treatment of Native Americans; the reverential treatment of “nature” in the national parks, and the distorted focus on the natural park in the West as the embodiment of the National Park system.

scholarly journals VALORACIÓN ECONÓMICA DEL PARQUE NACIONAL NATURAL CORALES DE PROFUNDIDAD

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Higinio Maldonado ◽  
Rafael Cuervo Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
National Park ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Biological Knowledge ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Hypothetical Scenario ◽  
Use Values ◽  
Deep Sea Corals

Deep-sea corals, also called cold-water corals, provide a variety of ecosystem services, including habitat for numerous species and being a source of biodiversity. Despite their importance, these ecosystems are under threat because of trawling and exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbons. According to the gap analysis conducted by the Institute of Marine and Coastal Research of Colombia (Invemar), during the first decade of the XXI century in Colombia, less than 2% of the known deep coral coverage was found under some category of conservation inside the System of National Natural Parks. In 2013, the Corales de Profundidad National Natural Park was established, and it is located in the Colombian Caribbean Sea, next to the departments of Córdoba, Sucre and Bolivar, close to the Corales del Rosario and San Bernardo National Natural Park. The biological knowledge of these ecosystems is new, as well as the importance of these ecosystems expressed in economic and social terms. Carrying out an exercise that captures the economic value of ecosystem services provided by deep-sea corals in the new national park becomes relevant. The objective of this study is to make a first approach to estimate this value. Given the difficulty of accessing these ecosystems, the benefits provided by them are not directly tangible and are not revealed through markets. In fact, the provided services are related to benefits not associated with direct use (non-use values, such as option and existence values, and indirect use values). Stated preference methods are used to estimate the economic value associated with this type of services; with these methods the strategy is to create a hypothetical scenario and ask respondents to reveal their willingness to pay for the feasibility of these conservation scenarios. The contingent valuation method is the chosen one, whose main instrument for information collection is household surveys. The average estimated willingness to pay per household is around US$58 (110000 COP using the average exchange rate for the third quarter of 2014, when data was collected, COP/USD: 1878) per year. Based on these results, it is possible to calculate the willingness to pay for the entire population of the study, Bogotá citizens. This value is around US$95 million annually (178 billion COP per year). When this value is compared with the budget assigned to this national park, the latter represents less than 1% of the economic value associated with the flow of benefits generated by the park. The lack of resources assigned to this area becomes evident as well as the need to identify and implement alternative funding sources to ensure financial sustainability of the park

scholarly journals CÁTALOGO DE EPÍFITAS VASCULARES DEL SECTOR EL SILENCIO (PARQUE NACIONAL NATURAL PARAMILLO) Y ZONA AMORTIGUADORA, CÓRDOBA, COLOMBIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Rosalba RUIZ VEGA ◽  
Cesar ESQUIVEL BERRIO ◽  
Adolfo SALGADO CRUZ ◽  
Heidy SAAB RAMOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
National Park ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Vascular Epiphytes ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Vascular Epiphyte

<p>Se presenta el catálogo de la vegetación epifita vascular de un sector del Parque Nacional Natural Paramillo (PNNP) y zona amortiguadora (Córdoba, Colombia). Se realizaron muestreos en un área de 0,1 hectárea, donde se colectaron todas las epífitas vasculares distribuidas en los forófitos que presentaron un DAP ≥2,5 cm en cuatro sectores, El Silencio (interior del PNNP), Tuis Tuis, Tuis Tuis Arriba y Alto de Chibogadó (zona amortiguadora), correspondientes al bosque húmedo tropical (Bh-T) en el municipio de Tierralta. Se encontraron 2504 individuos de epífitas vasculares. El catálogo contiene 73 especies distribuidas en 41 géneros y 18 familias. El sector Tuis Tuis presentó el mayor número de especies (33). Las familias mejor representadas corresponden a las Araceae, Bromeliaceae y Orchidaceae, destacándose por mayor número de especies y géneros la familia Orchidaceae (20/15). Los géneros más diversos fueron <em>Anthurium</em> con ocho especies, <em>Guzmania</em> seis, <em>Tillandsia</em> y <em>Aechmea</em> con cinco cada uno. Los helechos reúnen solo el 6 % de la flora epifita. Se reportan  nuevos registros de especies para el departamento de Córdoba (39), ampliando el rango de distribución de este grupo de plantas en el país.   </p><p><strong>Catalogue of Vascular Epiphytic Sector Silencio (Natural National Park Paramillo) and Buffer Zone, Cordoba, Colombia</strong></p><p>The catalogue of the vascular epiphyte vegetation of Silencio sector (Paramillo National Natural Park) and buffer zone (Córdoba) is showed. Sampling was conducted in an area of 0,1 ha, collecting all vascular epiphytes distributed in phorophytes with a DAP≥2,5 cm, in four sectors. Collections were performed in the Silencio sectors (PNNP), Tuis Tuis, Tuis Tuis Arriba and Alto Chibogadó (buffer zone) of the tropical rain forest (Bh -T) in Tierralta town. 2504 individuals were recorded as vascular epiphytes. The catalog includes 73 species in 41 genera and 18 families. The sector Tuis Tuis showed the greatest representation of species (33). The families with the highest representation corresponds to Araceae, Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae families. The Orchidaceae family had the highest diversity with 20 species and 15 genera. The most diverse genera were <em>Anthurium</em> with eight species, <em>Guzmania </em>with six species and <em>Aechmea</em> and <em>Tillandsia</em> with five species each one. Ferns are presented only in 6 % of the epiphytic plants. 39 new species records for the department of Córdoba - Colombia are reported, extending the range of distribution of this group of plants in the country.</p>

scholarly journals Leaf anatomy and histochemistry of Macropeplus dentatus (Perkins) I. Santos & Peixoto and Macropeplus ligustrinus (Tul.) Perkins (Monimiaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 852-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Flores Costa ◽  
Helena Regina Pinto Lima ◽  
Maura Da Cunha ◽  
Inês da Silva Santos
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
National Park ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Anatomical Point

The Monimiaceae is represented in the Neotropical region by six genera. Macropeplus Perkins is a Brazilian genus comprising four species restricted to high-montane Atlantic Forest areas, which have not been properly examined from the anatomical point of view. This study characterizes the anatomical structure and histochemical aspects of the leaves of Macropeplus dentatus and M. ligustrinus, and adds to our taxonomic knowledge ofthe genus. The individuals studied were collected in the Serra dos Órgãos National Park and in the Caraça Natural Park in southeastern Brazil. Among the characteristics common to the two species, hypostomatic leaves, dorsiventral structure, paracytic stomata, a subepidermal layer, collateral vascular system in the form of an arc in the petiole, semicraspedobrochidodromous venation, and the presence of prismatic crystals were registered. Intracellular metabolites, such as phenolic compounds, lipids and mucilage, were identified. The petiole shape, occurrence and distribution of secretory cells and brachysclereids, in association with other morphological features, were relevant to species identification.

New Role of Tourism in National Park Planning in Finland

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riikka Puhakka ◽  
Jarkko Saarinen
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Park Planning
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