The Problem of Generalizing to a Language Population: A "Random" Controversy

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol L. Leonard ◽  
Darla Orchard
Keyword(s):  
Normal Populations ◽  
Item Statistics ◽  
Language Research

The rationale behind the use of item statistics as well as objections to their use are reviewed. It is argued that investigators conducting language research with disordered populations should follow the example of those conducting language research with normal populations and consider calculating item statistics if they wish their results to generalize beyond the specific items tested.

Engaging Undergraduate Students in Child Language Research

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
Jade H. Coston ◽  
Corine Myers-Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Student Growth ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Research Dissemination ◽  
Language Sampling ◽  
Language Research ◽  
Language Sample Analysis ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Assessment Techniques

To better prepare the professionals and scholars of tomorrow in the field of communication sciences and disorders (CSD), a research project in which undergraduate students collected and analyzed language samples of child-parent dyads is presented. Student researchers gained broad and discipline-specific inquiry skills related to the ethical conduct of research, the literature review process, data collection using language assessment techniques, language sample analysis, and research dissemination. Undergraduate students majoring in CSD developed clinical research knowledge, skills, and dispositions necessary for future graduate level study and professional employment. In addition to the benefits of student growth and development, language samples collected through this project are helping to answer research questions regarding communicative turn-taking opportunities within the everyday routines of young children, the effects of turn-taking interactions on language development, and the construct validity of language sampling analysis techniques.

Language, research and nursing practice

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Bjornsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Language Research

Primary Crime Prevention Apps: A Typology and Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802098556
Author(s):  
Mark A. Wood ◽  
Stuart Ross ◽  
Diana Johns
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Decision Aid ◽  
English Language ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Initial Sample ◽  
Language Research ◽  
Meta Analyses

In the last decade, an array of smartphone apps have been designed to prevent crime, violence, and abuse. The evidence base of these apps has, however, yet to analyzed systematically. To rectify this, the aims of this review were (1) to establish the extent, range, and nature of research into smartphone apps with a primary crime prevention function; (2) to locate gaps in the primary crime prevention app literature; and (3) to develop a typology of primary crime prevention apps. Employing a scoping review methodology and following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, studies were identified via Web of Science, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar. We included English-language research published between 2008 and 2020 that examined smartphone applications designed explicitly for primary crime prevention. Sixty-one publications met our criteria for review, out of an initial sample of 151 identified. Our review identified six types of crime prevention app examined in these publications: self-surveillance apps, decision aid apps, child-tracking apps, educational apps, crime-mapping/alert apps, and crime reporting apps. The findings of our review indicate that most of these forms of primary crime prevention apps have yet to be rigorously evaluated and many are not evidence-based in their design. Consequently, our review indicates that recent enthusiasm over primary crime prevention apps is not supported by an adequate evidence base.

scholarly journals Developing shared communication practices: A study of BELF in multinational team meetings

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-153
Author(s):  
Tone Holt Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Cultural And Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Team Meetings ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Language Research ◽  
Communication Practices

AbstractA growing number of Multinational Corporations (MNCs) adopt English as their official corporate language. Research on English used as a business lingua franca (BELF) in such contexts shows how its use is negotiated, context dependent, and influenced by cultural and linguistic diversity. Multinational teams (MNTs) are legion within MNCs, and need to find efficient ways of communicating across their diversity, in particular in demanding and complex interactions such as meetings. This case study uses non-participant observation and interviews to study how one MNT has developed shared BELF communication practices for meetings. It examines the BELF communication practices in both the MNC context and at the team level. The analysis of the data shows that team members were highly aware of the challenges posed by cultural and linguistic diversity, and how they developed their local communication practices by processes of developing common ground, building trust, and good leadership.

Capability indices for non-normal populations

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Chang ◽  
S. C. Chen ◽  
C. Y. Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Normal Populations ◽  
Capability Indices

Computers in Language Research, 2

Language ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Michael A. Covington ◽  
Walter A. Sedelow ◽  
Sally Yeates Sedelow
Keyword(s):  
Language Research

Introspection in Second Language Research

1989 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Mary-Ann Reiss ◽  
Claus Faerch ◽  
Gabriele Kasper
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Research

Pragmatic transfer

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Kasper
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Interlanguage Pragmatics ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Pragmatic Transfer ◽  
Language Research ◽  
Linguistic Action ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
Basic Distinction ◽  
Pragmatic Knowledge

Throughout the short life of interlanguage pragmatics as a subdiscipline of second language research, it has been a virtually uncontested assumption that non-native speakers' comprehension and production of linguistic action is considerably influenced by their L1 pragmatic knowledge. The literature strongly supports this hypothesis. However, whereas there has been a lively controversy about the role of transfer in the traditional core areas of second language research (syntax, morphology, semantics), there has been little theoretical and methodological debate about transfer in interlanguage pragmatics. As a contribution to such a debate, this article seeks to clarify the concept of pragmatic transfer, proposing as a basic distinction Leech/Thomas' dichotomy of sociopragmatics versus pragmalinguistics and presenting evidence for transfer at both levels. Evidence for purported pragmatic universals in speech act realization and for positive and negative pragmatic transfer is discussed. Further issues to be addressed include the conditions for pragmatic transfer (transferability), the interaction of transfer with non-structural factors (proficiency, length of residence, context of acquisition), and the effect of transfer on communicative outcomes. The article concludes by briefly considering some problems of research method in studies of pragmatic transfer.

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