Speech Naturalness and Prolonged-Speech Treatments for Stuttering

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Onslow ◽  
Brett Hayes ◽  
Leanne Hutchins ◽  
Denis Newman
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Program ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Speech Quality ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Empirical Information ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
Speech Naturalness

It is well known that unusual speech quality may result from stuttering treatments that are based on prolonged speech. However, empirical information concerning the speech quality associated with those treatments is lacking. The present study was designed to contribute such empirical information. Results indicated that speech quality assessments of posttreatment clients, using Martin, Haroldson, and Triden's (1984) speech naturalness scale, gave similar results regardless of whether they were based on monologues or conversations. The speech quality of those clients remained stable at the conclusion of their treatment program. Further, there was a significant, positive correlation between pretreatment speech measures and measures of speech naturalness made after the establishment of stutter-free speech. The subjects whose pretreatment stuttering was the most severe had posttreatment speech naturalness scores that were more than two scale values worse than the subjects whose pretreatment stuttering was the least severe. Speech naturalness scale scores are presented for nonstutterers and posttreatment stutterers and these data are compared with existing findings.

scholarly journals Lecturers’ competence and the Quality of University Graduates; The Case of Private and Public Universities in Uganda.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Bagonza ◽  
Anthony Muwagga Mugagga ◽  
Nicholas Itaaga
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

This study investigated the effect of Lecturers' Competence on the Quality of University graduates in Uganda. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods to collect data from key university stakeholders. The study found a significant positive correlation between Lecturers' Competence and the quality of university graduates in Uganda.<br>

scholarly journals Quality of life of alcohol dependent patients attending a deaddiction centre in Kannur district

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
R. Ratheesh ◽  
Bindu Mohandas ◽  
P. P. Venugopalan ◽  
A. K. Sarada ◽  
Suprej K. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Psychological Domain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Background: Quality of life (QOL) is individuals' perceptions of their position in life. QOL of alcohol dependent patients is an area that has received relatively less attention compared to other alcohol related problems.Methods: A deaddiction centre based cross sectional study was done on 370 individuals using a predesigned questionnaire during the period of 2012-2013. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 17. Spearman’s rank correlation test was used to find association between the study variables.Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 38.08±8.46 years. The mean duration of drinking was 12.62±7.47 years. The overall score of the QOL and the perceived health in alcohol dependent patients was 3.19±0.89 and 3.01±0.98 respectively. The mean of the transformed scores of physical, psychological, social and environmental domains are 69.12±12.82, 57.84±12.81, 58.52±17.05, 68.62±10.23 respectively. Statistical analysis of age with physical, environmental and social domains showed a significant negative correlation; literacy status with QOL, perceived health, physical, psychological, social and environmental domains showed a significant positive correlation; socio economic status with QOL and psychological domain showed a significant positive correlation; duration of drinking with QOL, perceived health, physical and psychological domain showed a significant negative correlation.Conclusions: Harm from alcohol use is a major public health problem. Reducing the level of social and health harms from alcohol requires preparation and planning.

scholarly journals Towards speech quality assessment using a crowdsourcing approach: evaluation of standardized methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Naderi ◽  
Rafael Zequeira Jiménez ◽  
Matthias Hirth ◽  
Sebastian Möller ◽  
Florian Metzger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Speech Quality ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Speech Quality Assessment ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
Comparability Of Results

AbstractSubjective speech quality assessment has traditionally been carried out in laboratory environments under controlled conditions. With the advent of crowdsourcing platforms tasks, which need human intelligence, can be resolved by crowd workers over the Internet. Crowdsourcing also offers a new paradigm for speech quality assessment, promising higher ecological validity of the quality judgments at the expense of potentially lower reliability. This paper compares laboratory-based and crowdsourcing-based speech quality assessments in terms of comparability of results and efficiency. For this purpose, three pairs of listening-only tests have been carried out using three different crowdsourcing platforms and following the ITU-T Recommendation P.808. In each test, listeners judge the overall quality of the speech sample following the Absolute Category Rating procedure. We compare the results of the crowdsourcing approach with the results of standard laboratory tests performed according to the ITU-T Recommendation P.800. Results show that in most cases, both paradigms lead to comparable results. Notable differences are discussed with respect to their sources, and conclusions are drawn that establish practical guidelines for crowdsourcing-based speech quality assessment.

scholarly journals Correlation between Occurrence of Psychosomatic Disorders and Age during COVID-19 Lockdown

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetvi Bharatbhai Jethloja ◽  
Priyanka Birjubhai Unadkat ◽  
Radhika Kanaiyalal Raichura ◽  
Janvi Narendrasinh Rana ◽  
Nidhi Sudhir Ved
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorders ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2

Introduction: The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has caused a serious threat to people’s mental health causing psychosomatic disorders such as panic disorder, anxiety, and depression. Aim: To find out the correlation between the occurrence of psychosomatic disorders and age during the COVID-19 lockdown phase. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in Department of Physiotherapy at RK University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India. Males and females of age ≥21 years, with an ability to understand and fill Google form were recruited for the study. The subjects were divided into four groups according to age 21-34 years, 35-54 years, 55-64 years, and 65 years and older. There were 250 participants in each group. The subjects were asked to fill the COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI). Data were analysed by using software Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20. The normality of data was checked by the Shapiro Wilk test. Data followed parametric type so; Pearson correlation test was applied to find out the correlation between age and CPDI score. Results: The mean age of the population was 49.24±18.14 years. The mean CPDI scale scores were 27.572, 31.948, 31.364, and 35.328, respectively from groups 1 to 4. There was a significant positive correlation (p-value=0.031) in group 4, while no significance was found in group 1 (p-value=0.074), group 2 (p-value=0.067), and group 3 (p-value=0.062) Conclusion: There was a significant positive correlation between age and psychosomatic disorder occurrence in the geriatric age group (65 years and older) in the Rajkot city.

scholarly journals Leaf Nutrient Status Vis-à-vis Fruit Yield and Quality of Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. Ramanjaneya Reddy ◽  
V. Munaswamy ◽  
P. Venkataram Muni Reddy ◽  
B. Ravindra Reddy ◽  
P. Sudhakar
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Leaf N

The present study was conducted to know the effect of leaf nutrient status on fruit yield and quality of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) in YSR district of Andhra Pradesh, India. In this investigation fifty sweet orange orchards aged between 12 to 13 years were selected and plant samples such as index leaves and matured fruits were collected from 10 per cent of plants in each orchard. Leaf Zn deficiency (62%) was the most severe among the 10 mineral elements tested and followed by Fe (54%), Mn (52%) and Cu (26%). Fruit yield showed significant positive correlation with leaf N (r =0.519**) and P (r =0.409**). Fruit weight had significant positive correlation with leaf Nitrogen (r = 0.469**), Phosphorus (r = 0.446**) and Potassium (r = 0.415**). Fruit juice percent was significantly and positively correlated with leaf N (r =0.353**) and P (r =0.364**). Titrable acidity had significant negative correlation with leaf Fe (r = -0.371**) and leaf Mn (r = -0.292*). Total Soluble Solids (TSS) showed a significant positive relation with leaf P (r = 0.438**) and significant negative correlation with leaf Mn (r = -0.311*). Vitamin C content of the sweet orange fruit had significant positive correlation with leaf N (r = 0.437**), P (r = 0.516**) and K (r = 0.398**).

scholarly journals Quality of life, depression and self-perceived burden among geriatric and non-geriatric hemodialysis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2225
Author(s):  
Kenan Evren Oztop ◽  
Ferhat Cetin ◽  
Ahmed Bilal Genc ◽  
Ceyhun Varim ◽  
Savas Sipahi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Care Burden ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale

Background: Many hemodialysis patients need support at various levels from their relatives while performing their daily activities. The ‘burden’ of these needs of patients on their relatives and their negative effects on their lives have been shown in the literature. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ‘care burden’ in terms of the patient.Methods: The patient who had received hemodialysis for at least 3 months was included in the study. A patient identification form including demographic data and medical history data was prepared. The Perceived care burden scale, Beck depression scale and WHO Quality of life questionnaire were applied to the patients.Results: A statistically significant positive correlation was found between SPBS and BDI (p<0.001, r=0.820). A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between the perceived care burden and all sub-dimensions of the quality of life scale (p<0.001). The frequency of comorbidity in the geriatric group was higher than non-geriatric group. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between comorbidity and QOL (p<0.001).   The median scores of all sub-dimensions of the QOL scale were lower in geriatric group and there were significance differences except environment dimension.Conclusions: The self-perceived burden on caregivers of hemodialysis patients was positively associated with depression and negatively associated with QOL. Decrease in QOL was more pronounced in geriatric patients.

Rate of Variety and its Relation to Creativity Factors

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan B. Weaver ◽  
Caleb Bennetts ◽  
Benjamin W. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Confounding Factor ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Relationship

Individual designers demonstrate different styles of ideation in conceptual design. These styles have been quantified and described primarily through protocol, think-aloud studies that examine a designer’s thought sequence during ideation. In this paper, we examine ideation style with an outcome-based approach, examining style on a continuum of rate of variety, or solution space exploration rate. We investigate the relationship between this exploration rate and creativity factors of quality and novelty using a quantitative study of problem-solving skills. We found a significant positive correlation between broad-search style and novelty and a significant positive correlation between detail-search style and quality of ideas. These correlations are in agreement with protocol studies found in literature. We also identified quantity of ideas as a possible confounding factor and discuss potential improvements to these types of studies.

scholarly journals Individual focus and knowledge contribution

First Monday ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lada A. Adamic ◽  
Xiao Wei ◽  
Jiang Yang ◽  
Sean Gerrish ◽  
Kevin K Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Contribution ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Training Practice

Before contributing new knowledge, individuals must attain requisite background knowledge or skills through schooling, training, practice, and experience. Given limited time, individuals often choose either to focus on few areas, where they build deep expertise, or to delve less deeply and distribute their attention and efforts across several areas. In this paper we measure the relationship between the narrowness of focus and the quality of contribution across a range of both traditional and recent knowledge sharing media, including scholarly articles, patents, Wikipedia, and online question and answer forums. Across all systems, we observe a small but significant positive correlation between focus and quality.

scholarly journals Lecturers’ competence and the Quality of University Graduates; The Case of Private and Public Universities in Uganda.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Bagonza ◽  
Anthony Muwagga Mugagga ◽  
Nicholas Itaaga
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

This study investigated the effect of Lecturers' Competence on the Quality of University graduates in Uganda. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods to collect data from key university stakeholders. The study found a significant positive correlation between Lecturers' Competence and the quality of university graduates in Uganda.<br>

Speech Outcomes of a Prolonged-Speech Treatment for Stuttering

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 734-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Onslow ◽  
Leanne Costa ◽  
Cheryl Andrews ◽  
Elisabeth Harrison ◽  
Ann Packman
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
Outcome Research ◽  
Speech Rate ◽  
Residential Setting ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Rate Range ◽  
Posttreatment Period ◽  
Speech Naturalness

It has been shown that people who stutter can speak with greatly reduced stuttering after treatments that use variations of Goldiamond's (1965) prolonged-speech (PS). However, outcome research to date has not taken account of several important issues. In particular, speech outcome measures in that research have been insufficient to show that lasting relief from stuttering has been achieved by clients outside the clinic for meaningful periods. The present study used extensive speech outcome measures across a variety of situations in evaluating the outcome of an intensive PS treatment (Ingham, 1987). The speech of 12 clients in this treatment was assessed on three occasions prior to treatment and frequently—on eight occasions—after discharge from the residential setting. For 7 clients, a further assessment occurred at 3 years posttreatment. Concurrent dependent measures were percent syllables stuttered, syllables per minute, and speech naturalness. The dependent measures were collected in many speaking situations within and beyond the clinic. Dependent measures were based on speech samples of substantive duration, and covert assessments were included in the study. Detailed data were presented for individual subjects. Results showed that 12 subjects who remained with the entire 2-3-year program achieved zero or near-zero stuttering. The majority of subjects did not show a regression trend in %SS or speech naturalness scores during the posttreatment period, either within or beyond the clinic. Some subjects showed higher posttreatment %SS scores during covert assessment than during overt assessment. Results also showed that stuttering was eliminated without using unusually slow and unnatural speech patterns. This treatment program does not specify a target speech rate range, and many clients maintained stutter-free speech using speech rates that were higher than the range typically specified in intensive PS programs. A significant correlation was found between speech rate and perceived posttreatment speech naturalness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document