Masked and Filtered Simulation of Hearing Loss

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Fabry ◽  
Dianne J. Van Tasell
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Error Patterns ◽  
Percent Correct ◽  
Gross Error ◽  
Masking Noise ◽  
Feature Error ◽  
Noise Identification

Hearing threshold configuration of the impaired ear was simulated via two different methods in the normal ear of each of 6 subjects with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. The two hearing loss simulation methods were (a) frequency-specific attenuation (filtering), and (b) masking by shaped masking noise. Identification responses to 20 consonant-vowel nonsense syllables were obtained from the normal ear of each subject in the two hearing loss simulation conditions, as well as from the impaired ear. Speech data were scored both for overall percent correct consonant recognition and for error patterns on a set Of eight consonant features. The computed correlation between gross error difference scores and a similarity metric for feature error pattern was essentially zero, indicating that these may be relatively independent measures of speech recognition, and thus may reflect different aspects Of subjects' behavior. For 3 subjects, both masking and filtering successfully simulated the effects of sensorineural hearing loss on consonant feature error patterns. For 1 subject, only filtering produced feature error patterns similar to those of the impaired ear. For the remaining subjects, neither simulation was successful.

scholarly journals Characteristics of sensorineural hearing loss secondary to inner ear acoustic trauma

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Slobodan Spremo ◽  
Zdenko Stupar
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Acoustic Trauma ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Cochlear Damage ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Trauma Group

INTRODUCTION Cochlear damage secondary to exposure to acoustic trauma is the consequence of the acoustic energy effects on the hearing cells in Korti's organ. OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the correlation between the degree of sensorineural hearing loss and the type of audiogram registered in acoustic trauma exposed patients. METHOD We analyzed 262 audiograms of patients exposed to acoustic trauma in correlation to 146 audiograms of patients with cochlear damage and hearing loss not related to acoustic trauma. "A" group consisted of acoustic trauma cases, while "B" group incorporated cases with hearing loss secondary to cochlear ischaemia or degeneration. All audiograms were subdivided with regard to the mean hearing loss into three groups: mild (21-40 dB HL), moderate (41-60 dB HL) and severe (over 60 dB HL) hearing loss. Based on audiogram configuration five types of audiogram were defined: type 1 flat; type 2 hearing threshold slope at 2 kHz, type 3 hearing threshold slope at 4 kHz; type 4 hearing threshold notch at 2 kHz; type 5 notch at 4 kHz. RESULTS Mild hearing loss was recorded in 163 (62.2%) ears in the acoustic trauma group, while in 78 (29.8%) ears we established moderate hearing loss with the maximum threshold shift at frequencies ranging from 4 kHz to 8 kHz. The least frequent was profound hearing loss, obtained in 21 (8%) audiograms in the acoustic trauma group. Characteristic audiogram configurations in the acoustic trauma patient group were: type 1 (N=66; 25.2%), type 2 (N=71; 27.1%), and type 3 (N=68; 25.9%). Audiogram configurations were significanly different in the acoustic trauma group in comparison to the cochlear ischaemia group of patients (p=0.0005). CONCLUSION Cochlear damage concomitant to acoustic trauma could be assessed by the audiogram configuration. Preserved hearing acuity at low and mild frequency range indicates the limited damage to the hearing cells in Korti's organ in the apical cochlear turn.

Prevalence and classification of asymmetric forms of sensorineural hearing loss in older age group

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
T. Yu. Vladimirova ◽  
◽  
A. B. Martynova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

The significance of asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss (ASNHL) is due to a special approach to diagnosis, followed by the process of hearing aids and auditory rehabilitation. Currently, there is no standard audiometric criterion for determining the forms of asymmetry, which significantly affects the assessment of the prevalence of ASNHL. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and classification of ASNHL forms in the older age group using two methods of calculation: 1) the difference in the average hearing threshold at speech frequencies (in the range of 0,5–4 kHz) ≥15 dB was detected in 14,14% of cases; 2) the different degree of hearing loss, according to the International classification, in the right and left ear was 35,98%. In most cases, asymmetry was manifested by bilateral sensorineural hearing loss of varying severity, prevailing in the group of long-livers – 82,6%. Given the potentially high prevalence of asymmetry depending on the audiological criterion, the results of the work are a reason for further research in the development of a unified method for verifying a clinically significant form of ASNHL.

scholarly journals Effects of Various Extents of High-Frequency Hearing Loss on Speech Recognition and Gap Detection at Low Frequencies in Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bei Li ◽  
Yang Guo ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Yanmei Feng ◽  
Shankai Yin
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Gap Detection ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Compressed Speech

This study explored whether the time-compressed speech perception varied with the degree of hearing loss in high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (HF SNHL) individuals. 65 HF SNHL individuals with different cutoff frequencies were recruited and further divided into mildly, moderately, and/or severely affected subgroups in terms of the averaged thresholds of all frequencies exhibiting hearing loss. Time-compressed speech recognition scores under both quiet and noisy conditions and gap detection thresholds within low frequencies that had normal thresholds were obtained from all patients and compared with data from 11 age-matched individuals with normal hearing threshold at all frequencies. Correlations of the time-compressed speech recognition scores with the extents of HF SNHL and with the 1 kHz gap detection thresholds were studied across all participants. We found that the time-compressed speech recognition scores were significantly affected by and correlated with the extents of HF SNHL. The time-compressed speech recognition scores also correlated with the 1 kHz gap detection thresholds except when the compression ratio of speech was 0.8 under quiet condition. Above all, the extents of HF SNHL were significantly correlated with the 1 kHz gap thresholds.

Effect of Sensorineural Hearing Loss on Loudness Discomfort Level and Most Comfortable Loudness Judgments

1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 668-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candace Kamm ◽  
Donald D. Dirks ◽  
Max R. Mickey
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Intersubject Variability ◽  
Adaptive Procedure ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Impairment ◽  
Comfortable Loudness

A simple up-down adaptive procedure was used to estimate the 50% point on the psychometric function for loudness discomfort level (LDL) and the two functions describing the range of most comfortable loudness (MCL) for listeners with sensorineural hearing impairment. For pure tone and speech stimuli, median LDL and MCL levels were observed at relatively constant SPLs for subjects with hearing loss ≤ 50 dB HL and at progressively higher SPLs with further increase in hearing loss. Correlation analysis verified a statistically significant relationship between LDL and magnitude of hearing loss. The nonlinear relationship between LDL and hearing loss together with the large intersubject variability in the data suggest that prediction of LDL from hearing threshold would often be highly inaccurate. These results also demonstrate that averaging LDL data across a group of subjects with a wide range of hearing loss may lead to inaccurate conclusions regarding the effects of sensorineural hearing loss on LDL.

scholarly journals A case report of cochlear implantation in patients with osteopetrosis: surgical approaches and auditory results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Motasaddi Zarandy ◽  
Hakima Abdullah ◽  
Mina Motasaddi Zarandy ◽  
Mohammadreza Firouzifar ◽  
Farzad Moubedshahi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Nerve Dysfunction ◽  
Electrode Insertion ◽  
Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
The Right

Background: Osteopetrosis (OP) is a rare disease of the skeletal system that can be associated with complications such as bone fracture, nerve dysfunction and deafness due to increased bone density and reduced bone quality. In this regard and due to the challenge that it can cause for cochlear implantation (CI), in this study we aimed to report CI conducted on two patients with OP in Iran. The Case: Patients were two women diagnosed with OP and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) who underwent CI in the right ear. Preoperative PTA showed a hearing threshold decrease of more than 100 dB in both patients. A standard cochleostomy was performed in one patient and endoscopic surgery in the other patient through the external ear canal. One month after surgery, the hearing threshold improved b y 60−90 dB in both patients. No facial nerve palsy or implant extrusion/migration was observed after surgery. Conclusion: Although technically challenging, CI seems to be a safe and effective method to improve the SNHL in patients with OP. The path for electrode insertion should be tailored to meet the conditions and anatomy of patients. Keywords: Cochlear implantation; osteopetrosis; sensorineural hearing loss

scholarly journals COVID-19-related sudden sensorineural hearing loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Khaleel Yaseen ◽  
Raid M. Al-Ani ◽  
Rasheed Ali Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Unilateral Deafness ◽  
Nose And Throat

Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) can be a feature of COVID-19. It may present alone or with other symptoms of the disease. However, there is little written in the literature about its occurrence. We aimed to evaluate the socio-clinical characteristics and outcome of confirmed mild- to moderate COVID-19 cases with SSNHL in Tikrit city, Iraq. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at the Otolaryngology Department, Tikrit General Hospital, Tikrit city, Iraq. The period of the study was from December 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021.Mild and moderate COVID-19 subjects confirmed by real-time polymerase reaction were included in the study. Detailed demographic (age, gender, and smoking habit) and clinical characteristics (onset and duration of deafness, side, severity, associated ear, nose, and throat symptoms, and comorbidity) were recorded for every patient. Outcomes following the steroid treatment protocol were also registered. Results: SSNHL was identified in 26 patients, of whom 20 (76.9%) were women, 20 (76.9%) were in the age group ≥ 30 years, and 21 (80.8%) were non-smokers. Around three-quarters of the subjects were identified within the first week of deafness occurrence. Bilateral (18/26) was more common than unilateral deafness (8/26); therefore, the total number of deaf ears was 44. Besides, bilateral symmetrical deafness (13/18) outnumbered the asymmetrical type (5/18). Around three-quarters were of moderate severity. The most common otological symptom was tinnitus (25/26). The most common nose and throat symptom was anosmia (6/26). The mean hearing threshold before and after treatment with oral steroids ± intratympanic steroids was 50.91 ± 11.777 dB and 40.24 ± 15.693, respectively. One patient with bilateral SSNHL was lost to follow-up; the remaining number of deaf ears was 42, and half of them were partially improved. The outcome of the treatment showed no statistically significant relation with the duration, side, and severity of SSNHL (p>0.05). Conclusion: The majority of COVID-19-related SSNHL cases presented within one week of onset, with bilateral outnumbering unilateral cases. Tinnitus was the most common associated symptom. Treatment with steroids achieved partial improvement in half of the cases, and this outcome was not affected by the duration, side, and severity of deafness.

scholarly journals “Clinical Profile & Prognostic Factors In Patients with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss”

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5830-5835
Author(s):  
Md. Feroz Hossen ◽  
Mahbubul Alam Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Pure Tone Audiogram

Introduction: Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is an emergency disease requiring immediate diagnosis and treatment. The incidence of ISSNHL in the Western countries’ population was estimated to 5–20 per 100,000 inhabitants. The etiology of ISSNHL remains unknown. Its pathogenesis is most often suggested to be due to a disturbed microcirculation and infection. Objective: To study the clinical profile & prognostic factors in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out from patients of sudden sensineural hearing loss (SSNHL) presenting to ENT Department ofNorthern Private Medical College, Rangpur, Bangladesh from January to June-2020. All patients were given intravenous steroids as treatment modality for 14 days and pure tone audiogram was done every 3 days during hospital admission. It was followed by oral steroids in tapering dose for further 14 days. After 1 month, audiogram was done again. After 1 month if hearing threshold was decreased by more than 50% of presenting one, then it was labeled as improved. Results:Total 51 patients (55ears) with age ranging from 6-70 years (average-38.5 years) were included. Three fourth were male. Presentation was 1-14days after onset of hearing loss (average- 3.7days) with pure tone audiogram (PTA) of 38-117dB (average 83.1dB). The flat audiogram (62.3%) was most common type. Smoking was present in 14 patients and tinnitus in 30 ears. Hemoglobin ranged from 7.3-18.7gm %( average- 15.3gm/dl). PTA post treatment was 8-73dB (average- 56dB). Average age of improved patient was 39.8years which was lower than non-improved patients (42.3years). In improved patients, average PTA at presentation was 77.9dB while it was 86.6dB in non-improved patients. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the age distribution and clinical characteristics of ISSNHL patients vary according to levels of hearing loss. Moreover, ISSNHL patients with vertigo tend to sufer from a more severe hearing loss. Further studies are needed to obtain better knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of SSNHL.  SSNHL is more commonly seen in male patients with polycythaemia and is commonly presented in winter season and is frequently associated with tinnitus. Young age and lower audiogram threshold at presentation favor prognosis.

Masking of Speech in Young and Elderly Listeners With Hearing Loss

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela E. Souza ◽  
Christopher W. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Masking Noise ◽  
Speech Spectrum ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
High Pass

This study examined the contributions of various properties of background noise to the speech recognition difficulties experienced by young and elderly listeners with hearing loss. Three groups of subjects participated: young listeners with normal hearing, young listeners with sensorineural hearing loss, and elderly listeners with sensorineural hearing loss. Sensitivity thresholds up to 4000 Hz of the young and elderly groups of listeners with hearing loss were closely matched, and a high-pass masking noise was added to minimize the contributions of high-frequency (above 4000 Hz) thresholds, which were not closely matched. Speech recognition scores for monosyllables were obtained in the high-pass noise alone and in three noise backgrounds. The latter consisted of high-pass noise plus one of three maskers: speechspectrum noise, speech-spectrum noise temporally modulated by the envelope of multi-talker babble, and multi-talker babble. For all conditions, the groups with hearing impairment consistently scored lower than the group with normal hearing. Although there was a trend toward poorer speech-recognition scores as the masker condition more closely resembled the speech babble, the effect of masker condition was not statistically significant. There was no interaction between group and condition, implying that listeners with normal hearing and listeners with hearing loss are affected similarly by the type of background noise when the long-term spectrum of the masker is held constant. A significant effect of age was not observed. In addition, masked thresholds for pure tones in the presence of the speech-spectrum masker were not different for the young and elderly listeners with hearing loss. These results suggest that, for both steady-state and modulated background noises, difficulties in speech recognition for monosyllables are due primarily, and perhaps exclusively, to the presence of sensorineural hearing loss itself, and not to age-specific factors.

scholarly journals Treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss with hyperbaric oxygenation - our experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zvonko Zivaljevic ◽  
Ljubica Zivic ◽  
Natasa Mihailovic ◽  
Miodrag Zivkovic ◽  
Branko Vorkapic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygenation ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Hearing Recovery

Background/Aim. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is manifested by the loss of hearing for more than 30 dB at three consecutive frequencies in the timeframe of 72 h. It is of unclear etiology and pathogenesis, which leads to the use of different therapeutic methods. Treatment protocols are not compliant, making it difficult to objectively quantify their impact. The aim of this study was to show the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy as the only method for the treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Methods. This retrospective study included 20 patients treated for sudden sensorineural hearing loss with hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) in the period from 2004 to 2014. The study was conducted in the specialized medical clinic for hyperbaric and underwater medicine, HBO Medical Center in Belgrade. The patients were treated according to the following protocol: a session of 60 min at the pressure of 2 bars (2ATA) two times a day, a total of 30 sessions. Assessment of the therapy effects was performed by observing the change in the hearing threshold at the frequencies of 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 4,000 Hz at the end of the treatment. Results. After the completion of treatment according to the protocol, a full hearing recovery (total improvement of hearing damage or achieving final hearing threshold above 25 dB) was found in 11 (55%) of the patients. A partial recovery (hearing improvement of up to 15 dB, and a final hearing threshold below 45 dB) occurred in 4 (20%) of the patients. In 5 (25%) of the patients, improvement was not verified (there was no recovery or it was less than 5 dB). The average absolute hearing recovery was 24.94 dB. The mean relative hearing recovery was 65.45%. Conclusion. Because of the unclear multifactorial etiopathogenesis of this disease, there are many therapeutic protocols. Based on the results of our study HBO therapy could be recommended primarily as the treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

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