Formant-Frequency Differences Between Isolated Whispered and Phonated Vowel Samples Produced by Adult Female Subjects

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken J. Kallail ◽  
Floyd W. Emanuel
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Spectrum ◽  
Formant Frequencies ◽  
Vowel Formants ◽  
Female Subjects

This study was designed to investigate the formant frequencies of phonated and whispered productions of five test vowels (/i/,/u/, /æ/, /Δ/, and //). Each test vowel was sustained twice in isolation—once phonated, once whispered—by 20 adult female subjects. The phoneme represented by each recorded production was identified independently by 11 listeners. Only those samples identified by 6 or more of the listeners as the vowel intended were retained for a further (acoustic) analysis. An acoustic spectrum of each retained sample was obtained to permit formant measurements. To provide the clearest formant delineation possible in our lab, the phonated samples were analyzed by broadband spectrography and the whispered samples by very narrowband spectrography. This report presents the formant frequencies (F I -F 3 ) of the test productions as measured from the acoustic vowel spectra and the formant-freqneney differences between the pbonated and whispered productions. In general, the results showed a trend for whispered vowel formants to be higher in frequency than phonated vowel formants, but that trend was only strongly evident for F 1 .

Acoustic Analysis of Correct and Misarticulated Semivowels

1988 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Chaney
Keyword(s):  
Transition Rate ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Formant Frequencies ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Second Formant ◽  
Acoustic Pattern ◽  
Impaired Children

Four children who produced correct /w,r,l,j/, four children with developmental w/r and w/l substitutions, and four articulation impaired children with w/r and w/l substitutions were subjects. They produced sets of minimally contrasted words with /w,r,l,j/ in word-initial position with four vowels and with /w,r,l/ in two types of consonant clusters. Children's utterances were spectrographically analyzed for three formant frequencies and transition rate of the second formant. Children with correct semivowels produced distinctive formant frequency patterns for semivowels that were similar to those previously reported in the literature for adults and children. Developmental and articulation impaired children produced acoustic features for /j/ that were similar to the /j/ produced by the control group; but neither group differentiated among /w,r,l/ by either formant frequencies or transition rate. Some individuals in both groups produced formant frequency and/or transition rate differences among semivowels in some phonetic contexts. The /w/ produced for target /w/ and in substitution for /r/ and /l/ by three developmental children and two articulation-impaired children did not match the acoustic pattern of control /w/. These productions had higher second formants, occurring between control /w/ and /r,l/ or in the range of correct /r,l/.

PENGUCAPAN MAKHRAJ DARI UNIT BUNYI TERKECIL HURUF HIJAIYAH BERDASARKAN FREKUENSI DASAR DAN FREKUENSI FORMANT UNTUK MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA ALQURAN

ALQALAM ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Muhammad Subali ◽  
Miftah Andriansyah ◽  
Christanto Sinambela
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Autocorrelation Function ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Formant Frequencies ◽  
Male Speaker ◽  
Similarities And Differences

This article aims to look at the similarities and differences in the fundamental frequency and formant frequencies using the autocorrelation function and LPCfunction in GUI MATLAB 2012b on sound hijaiyah letters for adult male speaker beginner and expert based on makhraj pronunciation and both of speaker will be analysis on matching distance of the sound use DTW method on cepstrum. Subject for speech beginner makhraj pronunciation are taken from college student of Universitas Gunadarma and SITC aged 22 years old Data of the speech beginner makhraj pronunciation is recorded using MATLAB algorithm on GUI Subject for speech expert makhraj pronunciation are taken from previous research. They are 20-30 years old from the time of taking data. The sound will be extracted to get the value of the fundamental frequency and formant frequency. After getting both frequencies, it will be obtained analysis of the similarities and differences in the fundamental frequency and formant frequencies of speech beginner and expert and it will shows matching distance of both speech. The result is all of speech beginner and expert based on makhraj pronunciation have different values of fundamental frequency and formant frequency. Then the results of the analysis matching distance using method DTW showed that obtained in the range of 28.9746 to 136.4 between speech beginner and expert based on makhraj pronunciation. Keywords: fundamental frequency, formant frequency, hijaiyah letters, makhraj

scholarly journals ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENT ON VOWEL PRODUCTION OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE BY INDONESIAN EFL LEARNERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Rudha Widagsa ◽  
Ahmad Agung Yuwono Putro
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
First Language ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
British English ◽  
Formant Frequencies ◽  
English Vowels ◽  
Second Formant

Indonesian is the most widely spoken language in Indonesia. More than 200 million people speak the language as a first language. However, acoustic study on Indonesian learners of English (ILE) production remains untouched. The purpose of this measurement is to examine the influence of first language (L1) on English vowels production as a second language (L2). Based on perceptual magnet hypothesis (PMH), ILE were predicted to produce close sounds to L1 English where the vowels are similar to Indonesian vowels. Acoustic analysis was conducted to measure the formant frequencies. This study involved five males of Indonesian speakers aged between 20-25 years old. The data of British English native speakers were taken from previous study by Hawkins & Midgley (2005). The result illustrates that the first formant frequencies (F1) which correlates to the vowel hight of Indonesian Learners of English were significantly different from the corresponding frequencies of British English vowels. Surprisingly, the significant differences in second formant (F2) of ILE were only in the production of /ɑ, ɒ, ɔ/ in which /ɑ/=p 0.002, /ɒ/ =p 0,001, /ɔ/ =p 0,03. The vowel space area of ILE was slightly less spacious than the native speakers. This study is expected to shed light in English language teaching particularly as a foreign language.Keywords: VSA, EFL, Indonesian learners, formant frequencies, acoustic

The effects of oral 5-hydroxytryptophan administration on feeding behavior in obese adult female subjects

1989 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ceci ◽  
C. Cangiano ◽  
M. Cairella ◽  
A. Cascino ◽  
M. Del Ben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Obese Adult ◽  
Female Subjects

Lip Movements for an Unfamiliar Vowel: Mandarin Front Rounded Vowel Produced by Japanese Speakers

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruka Saito
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Japanese Adult ◽  
Japanese Speakers ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Vowel Formants ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Repetition Task

Purpose The study was aimed at investigating what kind of lip positions are selected by Japanese adult participants for an unfamiliar Mandarin rounded vowel /y/ and if their lip positions are related to and/or differentiated from those for their native vowels. Method Videotaping and post hoc tracking measurements for lip positions, namely protrusion and vertical aperture, and acoustic analysis of vowel formants were conducted on participants' production in a repetition task. Results First, 31.2% of all productions of /y/ were produced with either protruded or compressed rounding. Second, the lip positions for /y/ were differentiated from those for the perceived nearest native vowel; although they correlated with them in terms of vertical aperture, they did not in terms of protrusion/retraction. Conclusions Lip positions for a novel rounded vowel seemed to be produced as a modification of existing lip positions from the native repertoire. Moreover, the degree of vertical aperture might be easily transferred, and the degree of protrusion is less likely to be retained in the new lip positions.

Acoustic Analysis of Diplophonia: A Follow-up Report

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 914-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Terrio ◽  
Diane Schreibweiss-Merin
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Vocal Folds ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Ventricular Folds

Additional information on the physiology of the diplophonic speech produced by an adult female is provided. Direct endoscopic examination of the subject's laryngeal mechanism showed her diplophonia was produced by exerting differential tension on her vocal folds. The ventricular folds were not directly involved.

scholarly journals The articulatory and acoustic characteristics of Polish sibilants and their consequences for diachronic change

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Bukmaier ◽  
Jonathan Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
First Language ◽  
Gaussian Model ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Tongue Movement ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Formant Frequencies ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Diachronic Change ◽  
Physiological Analysis

The study is concerned with the relative synchronic stability of three contrastive sibilant fricatives /sʂ ɕ/ in Polish. Tongue movement data were collected from nine first-language Polish speakers producing symmetrical real and non-word CVCV sequences in three vowel contexts. A Gaussian model was used to classify the sibilants from spectral information in the noise and from formant frequencies at vowel onset. The physiological analysis showed an almost complete separation between /sʂ ɕ/ on tongue-tip parameters. The acoustic analysis showed that the greater energy at higher frequencies distinguished /s/ in the fricative noise from the other two sibilant categories. The most salient information at vowel onset was for /ɕ/, which also had a strong palatalizing effect on the following vowel. Whereas either the noise or vowel onset was largely sufficient for the identification of /sɕ/ respectively, both sets of cues were necessary to separate /ʂ/ from /sɕ/. The greater synchronic instability of /ʂ/ may derive from its high articulatory complexity coupled with its comparatively low acoustic salience. The data also suggest that the relatively late stage of /ʂ/ acquisition by children may come about because of the weak acoustic information in the vowel for its distinction from /s/.

Listening Rate Preference: Comparison of Two Time Alteration Techniques

1977 ◽  
Vol 44 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1163-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman J. Lass ◽  
Herbert A. Leeper
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Past Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prose Passage ◽  
Rank Ordering ◽  
Systematic Expansion ◽  
Instrumental Methods ◽  
Female Subjects

A paired comparison procedure was employed to compare listening-rate preferences of 40 adult female subjects. Recordings of a standard prose passage were time-altered to yield nine rates (100 to 300 words per minute). Two different time alteration techniques were employed. One technique (VOCOM-I) altered the passage by a selective vowel compression-pause deletion procedure, while the other technique (VARISPEECH-I) employed a systematic expansion/deletion process for alteration. Two separate master tapes were presented to the subjects. A comparison of the rank ordering of rates for the two tapes shows a similarity in over-all listening rate preferences. Differences in rate preference in past research may be related to the instrumental methods used to alter speech.

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