Evaluations of Blom-Singer Tracheoesophageal Puncture Prostheses Performance

1983 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald B. Moon ◽  
John Sullivan ◽  
Bernd Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Spring Constant ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Average Resistance ◽  
Tracheoesophageal Puncture ◽  
Major Factors

Emperical and theoretical approaches to the assessment of Blom-Singer tracheoesophageal puncture prosthesis performance are described in this paper. The results of empirical studies provide new insights about the behavior of Blom-Singer devices. Namely, the overall average resistance (about 126 cm H 2 O/LPS) of these devices stems from two major factors: air entrance and air exit effects. The magnitudes of airway resistance for each of these factors and the relative contribution each factor makes to the total airway resistance of these prostheses are delineated. The performance of these devices and modifications thereof are shown to be characterized and predicted quite well using a one-dimensional, spring-constant mathematical model.

Estimation of welfare costs of inflation: The case of Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey M. Drobyshevskiy ◽  
Natalia V. Makeeva ◽  
Elena V. Sinelnikova-Muryleva ◽  
Pavel V. Trunin
Keyword(s):  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Welfare Costs ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Quantitative Estimates ◽  
Positive Effect

This paper is devoted to the estimation of welfare costs of inflation, taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian economy. Theoretical approaches that are used in the literature to analyze the costs of inflation are discussed in the paper. It also provides an overview of the empirical studies of this topic. Research found in academic literature shows that the results of quantitative estimates are extremely sensitive to the choice of the functional form of the money demand equation, as well as to assumptions that are made to simplify the analysis, some of which do not fit Russian data. As a result, we have modified the standard approaches to estimating welfare costs of inflation, taking into account the monetization growth in Russia, and provide quantitative estimates of the magnitude of welfare costs of inflation. The results indicate a significant gain for economic agents in terms of real GDP with a decrease in inflation, which is regarded as a positive effect from the inflation targeting policy.

Using Tolerance-Maps to Generate Frequency Distributions of Clearance and Allocate Tolerances for Pin-Hole Assemblies

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Ameta ◽  
Joseph K. Davidson ◽  
Jami J. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Statistical Method ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Probabilistic Representation ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Material Condition ◽  
Geometric Tolerances ◽  
Case Basis

A new mathematical model for representing the geometric variations of lines is extended to include probabilistic representations of one-dimensional (1D) clearance, which arise from positional variations of the axis of a hole, the size of the hole, and a pin-hole assembly. The model is compatible with the ASME/ ANSI/ISO Standards for geometric tolerances. Central to the new model is a Tolerance-Map (T-Map) (Patent No. 69638242), a hypothetical volume of points that models the 3D variations in location and orientation for a segment of a line (the axis), which can arise from tolerances on size, position, orientation, and form. Here, it is extended to model the increases in yield that occur when maximum material condition (MMC) is specified and when tolerances are assigned statistically rather than on a worst-case basis; the statistical method includes the specification of both size and position tolerances on a feature. The frequency distribution of 1D clearance is decomposed into manufacturing bias, i.e., toward certain regions of a Tolerance-Map, and into a geometric bias that can be computed from the geometry of multidimensional T-Maps. Although the probabilistic representation in this paper is built from geometric bias, and it is presumed that manufacturing bias is uniform, the method is robust enough to include manufacturing bias in the future. Geometric bias alone shows a greater likelihood of small clearances than large clearances between an assembled pin and hole. A comparison is made between the effects of choosing the optional material condition MMC and not choosing it with the tolerances that determine the allowable variations in position.

Infiltration in Unsaturated Frozen Soil

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helén Engelmark
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Thermal Parameters ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Snow Melt ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Melt Infiltration

A one-dimensional mathematical model is used to simulate the process of snow-melt infiltration in unsaturated frozen silt. Hydraulic and thermal parameters are mainly based on data given in the literature. Field observations in a watershed (of area 1.8 km2) are compared with simulated data and consequences on snow melt run-off are discussed.

scholarly journals Development of One-Dimensional Mathematical Model for Validation of Pulse Diagnosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (737) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro NARUMI ◽  
Tsutomu NAKANISHI ◽  
Atsushi SHIRAI ◽  
Toshiyuki HAYASE
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Pulse Diagnosis ◽  
One Dimensional

scholarly journals Conflicts in Family Firms in the International Context: A Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-61
Author(s):  
Martin Jurek
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Generational Status ◽  
Business Research ◽  
Screening Criteria ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

Abstract Objective: This paper reviews the major family business research papers that address factors related to relationship and work-to-family conflicts. Methodology: The procedure this paper applies follows recommendations for literature reviews by Fink (2010) consisting of: (1) selecting a research question (2) selecting bibliographic or article databases, (3) choosing search terms, (4) applying practical screening criteria, (5) applying methodical screening criteria, (6) doing the review and (7) synthesizing the results. Findings: The article summarizes that, although family business research is progressing in terms of theory building, it continues to lack a systematic adoption of longitudinal, cross-national and multi-theoretical approaches. To date, research on conflict in family firms remains underdeveloped in the CEE. Value Added: Outlining the state of the art of theoretical and empirical studies by applying a resource-based view. Recommendations: Application of control variables, such as size of the business, business life cycles, generational status, type of industry and various cultural settings. Furthermore, the role of communication, sibling rivalry and perceived justice of family members could be investigated more thoroughly.

scholarly journals The performance of corporate bond issuers in times of financial crisis: empirical evidence from Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Berninger ◽  
Bruno Fiesenig ◽  
Dirk Schiereck
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Corporate Debt ◽  
Market Reactions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financing Decisions ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

PurposeThe fundamental theory of Modigliani and Miller (1958) states that a firm's financing decisions are independent from the firm's value. Nevertheless, several empirical studies as well as theoretical approaches from the past decade impugn this relation for real markets with their immanent inefficiencies. However, these questions are rather than academic in nature: Especially the influence of macroeconomic conditions on the market perception of debt issues is from high economic importance, since the need for new liquidity usually becomes even more urgent when the economic conditions worsen.Design/methodology/approachThis paper analyzes the reaction of shareholders to the issue of debt by Latin American firms under special consideration of the macroeconomic sentiment. To do so, a sample of debt issued by Latin American companies between 2003 and 2010 is empirically examined through an event study.FindingsThe authors empirically demonstrate that specifically in Latin America, debt issuing companies show a significant underperformance during recessionary periods and an overperformance during nonrecessionary periods. These findings differ from previous results for mature capital markets. The authors conclude that not only the overall economic conditions matter to explain stock market reactions on bond issues but also the maturity of the corporate debt market plays an important role.Originality/valueThe authors provide first evidence that the previously described changes in the returns on specific stocks depending on the economic sentiment (Baker and Wurgler, 2006) are under certain conditions also present in the market for corporate debt.

A new interpretation of the objectivist concept of value in the context of the theory of material reproduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1155-1176
Author(s):  
Nikolai I. KURYSHEV
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Economic Theory ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Mathematical Analyses ◽  
Production Objectives

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to non-price methods to measure the quantity of capital and value as a basic postulate of economic theory that defines the interpretation of all key characteristics of social production. Objectives. The article aims to develop a model that can help determine the state of the economic system using no abstract concepts of labor and utility. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of logical and mathematical analyses. Results. The article presents a mathematical model of material reproduction that links the range of products produced and prices in terms of material resources and time. Conclusions. Material factors of value formation can be determined. The alternative to the subjectivist approach includes the potential realized both in empirical studies on the economy and in the practice of macroeconomic regulation and planning of areas' economic development.

Media and Economic Inequality

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-88
Author(s):  
Andrea Grisold ◽  
Hendrik Theine
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Approaches To Study ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Power ◽  
Information Providers

Chapter 4 reviews a focused selection of the existing research which sheds light on the role that the media play in relation to the circulation of certain sets of ideas and discourses concerning inequality issues and redistribution policies (i.e., the shaping of inequality preferences and beliefs). The main aim in this chapter is to analyse prior empirical studies which explore how this is shaped and informed by media coverage and engagement. To do so, the authors first outline the findings of survey data analyses on individuals’ perception of inequality, and their related position towards the necessity of redistribution. After that, the chapter provides a systematic overview of contemporary empirical studies which examine the media coverage of economic inequality and redistribution policies, and thus debate the role mass media play as information providers. We assess the underlying assumptions and the methodological approaches guiding the respective empirical findings, highlight the merits of this body of work and identify open questions for further research. The last part of this chapter provides a discussion of (currently rather neglected) political economy theories that offer rich theoretical approaches to study media, power, and inequality, thus an enhanced theoretically informed understanding beyond the mere empiricism.

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