Selected Acoustic Characteristics of Pathologic and Normal Speakers

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Murry ◽  
E. Thomas Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Voice Production ◽  
Normal Voice ◽  
Speaking Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Male Subjects

The purpose of this study was to determine if measures of speaking fundamental frequency and its perturbation could be useful in differentiating talkers with no known vocal pathology and talkers with cancer of the larynx. Ten male subjects, five with a diagnosed malignancy of the larynx and five with normal voice, produced speech samples from which five voice production measures were obtained: the average speaking fundamental frequency (SFF), SFF variability during the reading of a sentence, the f 0 of a sustained vowel and a percent and magnitude jitter value. The perturbation factors, both directional and magnitudinal, during sustained vowels were found to be significant in discriminating normal talkers from those with laryngeal cancer. The speaking funda- mental frequency and its variability during the reading of a sentence improved the dis- criminant function.

Speaking Fundamental Frequency Characteristics Associated with Voice Pathologies

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Murry
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Vocal Fold Paralysis ◽  
Frequency Characteristics ◽  
Frequency Shifts ◽  
Voice Pathologies ◽  
Speaking Fundamental Frequency ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Benign Mass

This study investigated the relationship between pathologic and normal speaking fundamental frequency characteristics (SFF) in a group of 80 male subjects. The subjects were divided into four groups of 20 (1) vocal fold paralysis, (2) benign mass lesion, (3) cancer of the larynx, and (4) normal. The results of this study indicate that SFF standard deviation and semitone range of SFF are significantly reduced for patients with vocal fold paralysis as compared with normals. The parameters of mean SFF, number of frequency shifts, and age failed to separate the normals from the three groups of pathologic subjects.

Aerodynamic and Myoelastic Contributions to Tracheoesophageal Voice Production

1987 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald B. Moon ◽  
Bernd Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
Voice Production ◽  
Normal Voice ◽  
Existing Data

Five laryngectomized, tracheoesophageal (TE) speakers completed a series of phonatory tasks developed to assess (a) aerodynamic and acoustic properties of TE voice and (b) aerodynamic and myoelastic contributions to the mediation of fundamental frequency change. These TE speakers' voices were characterized by increased trans-source airflow rates, comparable source driving pressures, and decreased airway resistances in comparison with standard esophageal speakers. TE speakers were capable of adjusting their voicing sources on a myoelastic basis to influence F o change. This result, coupled with findings that confirm aerodynamic contributions to TE phonation, are intepreted to suggest that TE voice production should be regarded as an aerodynamic-myeolastic event. Findings are integrated with existing data to highlight fundamental differences among TE, esophageal, and normal voice production.

Fundamental Frequency, Intensity, and Vowel Selection: Effects on Measures of Phonatory Stability

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1189-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marylou Pausewang Gelfer
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Voice Production ◽  
Speaking Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Frequency Intensity

Measures of phonatory stability such as jitter, shimmer, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are increasingly used in clinics and laboratories, yet questions about the effects of various aspects of voice production on these acoustic variables have received only limited attention. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of frequency, intensity, and vowel selection on those measures of phonatory stability. Twenty-nine young adult females were used as subjects. Each subject produced vocalizations at her speaking fundamental frequency (SFF) and one octave above SFF; at 60, 70, and 80 dB; and on the vowels /i/ and /a/, for a total of 12 vocalizations per subject. These vocalizations were then analyzed, using CSpeech acoustic analysis software, to obtain measures of jitter, shimmer, and SNR. Results revealed that frequency, intensity, and vowel selection all affected various phonatory stability measures, with the highest perturbation values almost always occurring in the low frequency-low intensity condition. Implications and physiological explanations for the results of the study were presented.

Aerodynamic and Electroglottographic Measures of Normal Voice Production

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen B. Higgins ◽  
Ronald Netsell ◽  
Laura Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Sentence Production ◽  
Type I ◽  
Intrasubject Variability ◽  
Voice Production ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Syllable Repetition ◽  
Normal Voice

The purpose of this investigation was to quantify the normal intrasubject performance variability of four measures of phonatory function within and across sessions. Two different speaking tasks, syllable series and sentence production, were used to determine if more natural speaking tasks resulted in greater intrasubject variability. Vowel type ([i] versus [a]) also was varied. Estimated subglottal air pressure, mean phonatory air flow, abduction quotient, and fundamental frequency were derived from aerodynamic and electroglottographic signals obtained from 11 normally speaking men and 10 normally speaking women on four different days. Relative intrasubject variability was compared across speaking task, gender, and vowel type. Average across-session intrasubject variability was 5% for fundamental frequency and abduction quotient, 8% for estimated subglottal air pressure, and 15% for mean phonatory air flow during syllable repetition. There was significantly greater intrasubject variability for mean phonatory air flow and abduction quotient for the sentence repetition task. There were no significant differences in intrasubject variability across gender and vowel type. The data were used to compute cutoff values that represent the amount of variability that would be considered within normal limits. These normal data can be used for comparison when assessing and monitoring the phonatory abilities of individuals with voice disorders.

Aerodynamic and Acoustic Voice Measures Before and After an Acute Public Speaking Stressor

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 3311-3325
Author(s):  
Brittany L. Perrine ◽  
Ronald C. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Stress System ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Subglottal Pressure ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
System Activation ◽  
Speaking Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Purpose The goal of this study was to determine if differences in stress system activation lead to changes in speaking fundamental frequency, average oral airflow, and estimated subglottal pressure before and after an acute, psychosocial stressor. Method Eighteen vocally healthy adult females experienced the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) to activate the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. The TSST includes public speaking and performing mental arithmetic in front of an audience. At seven time points, three before the stressor and four after the stressor, the participants produced /pa/ repetitions, read the Rainbow Passage, and provided a saliva sample. Measures included (a) salivary cortisol level, (b) oral airflow, (c) estimated subglottal pressure, and (d) speaking fundamental frequency from the second sentence of the Rainbow Passage. Results Ten of the 18 participants experienced a hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis response to stress as indicated by a 2.5-nmol/L increase in salivary cortisol from before the TSST to after the TSST. Those who experienced a response to stress had a significantly higher speaking fundamental frequency before and immediately after the stressor than later after the stressor. No other variable varied significantly due to the stressor. Conclusions This study suggests that the idiosyncratic and inconsistent voice changes reported in the literature may be explained by differences in stress system activation. In addition, laryngeal aerodynamic measures appear resilient to changes due to acute stress. Further work is needed to examine the influence of other stress systems and if these findings hold for dysphonic individuals.

Frequency, Intensity, and Target Matching Effects on Photoglottographic Measures of Open Quotient and Speed Quotient

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Hanson ◽  
Bruce R. Gerratt ◽  
Gerald S. Berke
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Intensity Changes ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Target Matching ◽  
Frequency Intensity

Measurements of Open Quotient (OQ) and Speed Quotient (SQ) were made from photoglottographic signals of normal male subjects during phonation. Samples were obtained at spontaneous levels of fundamental frequency and intensity, and at nine specified frequency/intensity combinations. OQ increased with fundamental frequency. OQ change was not significant for change in intensity and there was no significant interaction between frequency and intensity. Changes in SQ with variations of frequency and intensity were not significant. However, SQ did increase significantly when spontaneous phonation was compared to target matching phonation at similar frequency/intensity. Changes in both OQ and SQ across comfortable frequency and intensity ranges were relatively small in comparison to changes in OQ and SQ reported for pathological phonation.

Speaking Fundamental Frequency Characteristics of Five- and Six-Year-Old Children with Mongolism

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 418-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Weinberg ◽  
Marsha Zlatin
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Trisomy 21 ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Frequency Standard ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Voice Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Speaking Fundamental Frequency

Spontaneous speech samples of 27 children with trisomy-21 type Down’s syndrome and 66 normal children were tape-recorded and analyzed for mean fundamental frequency, standard deviation, and range. Results indicate that the mean speaking fundamental frequency (SFF) level for the sample of children with mongolism was significantly higher than the mean SFF level for the control sample. Approximately 50% of the children with mongolism had mean SFF levels exceeding the highest mean SFF level of their matched controls. In only two cases did the mean SFF for a child with mongolism fall below the mean SFF level for control children of the same age and sex. No child with mongolism exhibited a mean SFF level below the lowest mean SFF for any control subject. The subject in question is the clinical observation that children with mongolism typically have low voice fundamental frequency levels.

Clinical Utility of CAPE-V Sentences for Determination of Speaking Fundamental Frequency

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary J. Sandage ◽  
Laura W. Plexico ◽  
Amy Schiwitz
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Speaking Fundamental Frequency

Speaking Fundamental Frequency Characteristics of White, African American, and Hispanic Kindergartners

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaheen N. Awan ◽  
Peter B. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Frequency Characteristics ◽  
African American Children ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Hispanic Children ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
American Children ◽  
Speaking Fundamental Frequency

Speech samples from groups of White, African American, and Hispanic kindergarten-age children were compared on measures of mean speaking fundamental frequency (F o ), maximum and minimum speaking F o , pitch sigma, and speaking range (in semitones). Results indicate that there are significant differences between racial groups on measures of mean speaking F o and speaking range. In particular, the Hispanic children were observed to have increased mean speaking F O S in comparison with the African American children and reduced speaking ranges as compared to both African American and White racial groups. Results indicate that the speech-language pathologist must exercise discretion when assessing the speaking F o characteristics (particularly mean speaking F o and speaking range) of children from different racial groups.

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