scholarly journals The Effects of Delayed Auditory Feedback and Masking on the Fundamental Frequency of Stutterers and Nonstutterers

1979 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Knauss Lechner
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Fundamental Frequencies ◽  
Masking Condition ◽  
Two Measures

This investigation determined if fluency of the reader or type of auditory feedback changed characteristics of fundamental frequency or duration in oral reading by stutterers or nonstutterers. Mingographic tracings were made of sentences excerpted from tape recordings of paragraphs read by 15 adult male stutterers and 15 adult male nonstutterers in three conditions of feedback: normal auditory feedback (under earphones), delayed auditory feedback (0.14 sec delay), and masking (90 dB SPL). The data included 15 measures of fundamental frequency and two measures of duration. Stutterers read sentences in greater total time and with more downward inflections than nonstutterers. Comparison of the delayed auditory feedback (DAF) conditions with the normal auditory feedback (NAF) condition showed that the numbers of total, upward, and downward inflections and upward pitch shifts increased under DAF. In the DAF condition, average rates of upward and downward inflections decreased, and mean and median fundamental frequencies and total time increased. The only changes from the NAF to the masking condition were increases in mean and median fundamental frequencies.

Changes in Reliance on Auditory Feedback Cues as a Function of Oral Practice

1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald L. Webster ◽  
Michael F. Dorman
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Reading Practice ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Practice Tests ◽  
Oral Practice ◽  
Feedback Cues ◽  
Fluent Speakers

This experiment used a two-by-two factorial design to investigate the effects of two levels of oral practice and two types of auditory feedback upon reading times and number of speech disfluencies for 60 normally fluent speakers. During tests under delayed auditory feedback, subjects who had experienced six previous oral reading trials on a standard passage under normal auditory feedback made significantly fewer articulation errors and had significantly shorter reading times than subjects without prior reading practice. Tests of practiced subjects vs nonpracticed subjects under normal auditory feedback showed no significant differences in articulation errors or reading times. It was suggested that functional properties of auditory feedback cues were temporarily changed by oral reading practice.

Laryngeal Correlates of Frequency Change: A STROL Study

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Hollien ◽  
Robert F. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
Fundamental Frequencies ◽  
Subject Variability ◽  
Male Subjects

Vocal fold area and thickness were studied as a function of fundamental frequency of phonation using the stroboscopic-laminagraphic (STROL) technique. Two lamina-grams each were measured for seven adult male subjects phonating at fundamental frequencies of 98, 124, 155, and 196 Hz; the phonations were controlled also with respect to time (15 seconds/duration) and intensity (70 dB ±2 dB). Results indicate: (1) a moderate trend for vocal fold area to decrease with increasing fundamental frequency; (2) vocal fold thickness decreases with increasing f o of phonation—thus confirming earlier reports resulting from conventional laminagraphic techniques; and (3) greater intra-subject variability in laryngeal area and thickness may exist than was previously noted.

A Tape Striation Counting Method for Determining Fundamental Frequency

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. Mueller ◽  
Marla Adams ◽  
Jean Baehr-Rouse ◽  
Debbie Boos
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Counting Method ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fundamental Frequencies ◽  
Counting Procedure ◽  
Female Subjects

Mean fundamental frequencies of male and female subjects obtained with FLORIDA I and a tape striation counting procedure were compared. The fundamental frequencies obtained with these two methods were similar and it appears that the tape striation counting procedure is a viable, simple, and inexpensive alternative to more costly and complicated procedures and instrumentation.

Delayed Auditory Feedback with Different Delay Times at Each Ear

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-371
Author(s):  
Samuel Fillenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Delay Interval ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Delay Times

Binaurally asynchronous delayed auditory feedback (DAF) was compared with synchronous DAF in 80 normal subjects. Asynchronous DAF (0.10 sec difference) did not yield results different from those obtained under synchronous DAF with a 0.20 sec delay interval, an interval characteristically resulting in maximum disruptions in speech.

PENGUCAPAN MAKHRAJ DARI UNIT BUNYI TERKECIL HURUF HIJAIYAH BERDASARKAN FREKUENSI DASAR DAN FREKUENSI FORMANT UNTUK MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA ALQURAN

ALQALAM ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Muhammad Subali ◽  
Miftah Andriansyah ◽  
Christanto Sinambela
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Autocorrelation Function ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Formant Frequencies ◽  
Male Speaker ◽  
Similarities And Differences

This article aims to look at the similarities and differences in the fundamental frequency and formant frequencies using the autocorrelation function and LPCfunction in GUI MATLAB 2012b on sound hijaiyah letters for adult male speaker beginner and expert based on makhraj pronunciation and both of speaker will be analysis on matching distance of the sound use DTW method on cepstrum. Subject for speech beginner makhraj pronunciation are taken from college student of Universitas Gunadarma and SITC aged 22 years old Data of the speech beginner makhraj pronunciation is recorded using MATLAB algorithm on GUI Subject for speech expert makhraj pronunciation are taken from previous research. They are 20-30 years old from the time of taking data. The sound will be extracted to get the value of the fundamental frequency and formant frequency. After getting both frequencies, it will be obtained analysis of the similarities and differences in the fundamental frequency and formant frequencies of speech beginner and expert and it will shows matching distance of both speech. The result is all of speech beginner and expert based on makhraj pronunciation have different values of fundamental frequency and formant frequency. Then the results of the analysis matching distance using method DTW showed that obtained in the range of 28.9746 to 136.4 between speech beginner and expert based on makhraj pronunciation. Keywords: fundamental frequency, formant frequency, hijaiyah letters, makhraj

The Influence of Support Hardware and Piping System Seismic Response on Snubber Support Damping

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lay ◽  
O. A. Abu-Yasein ◽  
M. A. Pickett ◽  
J. Madia ◽  
S. K. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Damping Coefficient ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Nodal Displacement ◽  
Damping Coefficients ◽  
Fundamental Frequencies ◽  
Piping Systems

The damping coefficients and ratios of piping system snubber supports were found to vary logarithmically with pipe support nodal displacement. For piping systems with fundamental frequencies in the range of 0.6 to 6.6 Hz, the support damping ratio for snubber supports was found to increase with increasing fundamental frequency. For 3-kip snubbers, damping coefficient and damping ratio decreased logarithmically with nodal displacement, indicating that the 3-kip snubbers studied behaved essentially as coulomb dampers; while for the 10-kip snubbers studied, damping coefficient and damping ratio increased logarithmically with nodal displacement.

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