A Strain Gage Transduction System for Lip and Jaw Motion in Two Dimensions: Design Criteria and Calibration Data

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Abbs ◽  
Bruce N. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Response ◽  
Strain Gage ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Phase Response ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Structural Loading ◽  
Monitoring Devices ◽  
Factor Frequency

A strain gage system was designed and constructed for transducing the movements of the lips and jaw in two dimensions during speech. Measurement of the structural loading factor, frequency response, linearity, and phase response of this system suggests that it provides a favorable alternative to some earlier lip and jaw monitoring devices. Some examples of the movement records obtained with this transducer system are provided.

High Performance Milling Torque Sensor

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Smith ◽  
S. Smith ◽  
J. Tlusty
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Frequency Response ◽  
Strain Gage ◽  
Digital Signal Processor ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
Torque Sensor ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Face Mill

Machine tool supervision and control algorithms require reliable and effective sensor signals to operate properly. In effort to satisfy this need, a high stiffness, wide bandwidth torque sensor for use in milling has been developed which directly measures the torque applied to a milling cutter during operation. The sensor is designed to fit between the tool and holder on conventional tooling with very little effect on the cutting process. The sensor is strain gage based and provides a virtually distortionless torque measurement over a bandwidth from DC to 2000 Hz when using a 100 mm diameter face mill on a commercial machining center. High torsional stiffness was achieved to provide a wide measurement bandwidth while allowing enough material strain, in the sensing element, to provide sufficient resolution of the milling torque. The radial stiffness of the sensor was also designed to be large enough not to compromise the stability and accuracy of the machine tool. The sensor is designed to house the critical electronic components which amplify the small voltage strain gage signal and convert the measurement into digital samples. These samples are continuously transmitted from the rotating spindle, in all positions, to a stationary receiver. Because the sensor is part of a structural system which also includes the spindle, tool holder and tool, the frequency response has distortions associated with the vibrational modes of the system. In order to obtain a wide undistorted bandwidth, a compensation filter having the reciprocal response of the sensor has been designed and implemented on a digital signal processor (DSP). The combined system of the sensor cascaded with the DSP provides a flat magnitude and linear phase frequency response.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of the frequency response and phase response of combined UWB antennas in the receiving-transmitting mode

2021 ◽  
Vol 2140 (1) ◽  
pp. 012003
Author(s):  
Yu A Andreev ◽  
E A Kuznetzova ◽  
V V Plisko
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Frequency Response ◽  
Input Signal ◽  
Phase Response ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Signal Recovery ◽  
Magnetic Dipoles ◽  
Wideband Antenna ◽  
Uwb Antennas

Abstract Results of a simulation and experimental study of a combined ultra-wideband antenna, which is a combination of electric and magnetic dipoles, are presented. The input signal recovery of the transceiver path of combined antennas made by the MathCad code and the experimental one were compared. The reconstruction took place according to the frequency and phase responses of the transceiver path of these antennas.

Temperature effects on long-period seismographs: an accurate method to determine the transfer function

1976 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1405-1412
Author(s):  
Walter Mitronovas
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Phase Response ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Long Period

abstract A simple method for monitoring the transfer function of a long-period (LP) seismograph as a function of time is described. This method makes it possible, under certain restrictions, to estimate quite accurately (one order of magnitude better than the least-squares inversion of the calibration pulse) changes in the transfer function of a system using only the maximum amplitude information of the transient calibration pulses. The restrictions of this method are: (1) no change in the period of the horizontal seismometers (TS) and galvanometers (TG): (2) length of the spring of a vertical seismometer (boom position) is a function of temperature only; and (3) magnetic field is uniform in the range of expected boom (coil) excursions. In other words, the system parameters are affected only by temperature. Briefly, temperature affects mainly the resistance of the coils (copper) of seismometer (RS) and galvanometer (RG), which changes the current flowing in the circuit and hence the amplitude of the calibration pulse. The expected changes in the damping of the seismometer (hS), galvanometer (hG) and in the seismometer period (vertical component) have only negligible additional effect on the amplitude. Therefore, from the observed daily variation in the amplitude of the calibration pulses, it is simple to calculate changes in RS and RG and, hence, the in situ temperature as a function of time. The effect of temperature on the vertical seismometer boom position, and hence TS, can be determined beforehand (or at any time) for each instrument. From this, TS as a function of time can be inferred. Finally, from the calculated variations in RS and RG, variation in hG can be determined; from variations in RS, RG and TS, variation in hS and then the coupling factor (σ) can be determined. Analysis of the calibration data from a vertical component at Zurich for a 2-year period, 1972–73, is presented as an illustration of the method. The in situ seasonal temperature variation was inferred to be around ±4 C. In terms of the variation in the system phase response (delay), this amounts to about ±0.20 sec (at most) at a period of 100 sec, and less at shorter periods. This estimate is in good agreement with direct determination of the differences in phase delay for a similar system under controlled temperature conditions. It is also consistent with the fact that no systematic variation in phase response as a function of time was detected using the least-squares inversion of the calibration pulse (method not accurate enough). This indicates that the temperature effect on the phase response is fairly small and that under normal conditions modern LP instruments satisfy to a good approximation the requirements of this calibration method.

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