Binaural and Monaural Speech Intelligibility in Reverberation

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Moncur ◽  
Donald Dirks
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Speech Discrimination ◽  
Interaural Time Differences ◽  
Quiet Condition ◽  
Binaural Listening

Forty-eight subjects with normal hearing were tested to determine binaural and monaural near- and far-ear speech discrimination in various reverberant conditions. One half of the group listened to the recorded PB words in quiet, while the other half received the words with a competing message. Binaural superiority was maintained throughout the study, except in the anechoic-quiet condition. Interaural time differences make a significant contribution to speech intelligibility; and the monaural far ear supplies valuable aid to binaural listening.

Binaural Hearing of Speech for Aided and Unaided Conditions

1969 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 650-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald D. Dirks ◽  
Richard A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Sound Field ◽  
Binaural Hearing ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Interaural Time Differences ◽  
Binaural Listening ◽  
Signal Sources

Differences in speech intelligibility and identification between binaural, monaural near ear, and monaural far ear conditions were studied in sound field conditions. Scores from listeners with normal hearing and with sensorineural losses were evalated in sound field conditions (unaided) and under conditions of hearing aid amplification (aided). For both conditions listeners with sensorineural hearing loss obtained a binaural advantage similar to that found for normal listeners. The binaural advantage could be demonstrated only when the primary and/or competing signal sources were located at an azimuth which resulted in interaural time differences for at least one of the signals. When the signals arrived simultaneously at the ears from the same loudspeaker, no binaural advantage was obtained. Differences in intelligibility and identification scores between monaural near ear and far ear conditions (6.0 dB) were almost twice as large as those found between binaural listening and monaural near ear listening (3.3 dB).

The Effects of Different Frequency Responses on Sound Quality Judgments and Speech Intelligibility

1988 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alf Gabrielsson ◽  
Bo N. Schenkman ◽  
Björn Hagerman
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Quality Measures ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Music Programs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Frequency Responses ◽  
Word Lists ◽  
Lower Frequencies

Four speech programs and two music programs were reproduced using five different frequency responses: one flat and the others combinations of reductions at lower frequencies and/or increases at higher frequencies. Twelve hearing impaired (HI) and 8 normal hearing (NH) subjects listened monaurally to the reproductions at comfortable listening level and judged the sound quality on seven perceptual scales and a scale for total impression. Speech intelligibility was measured for phonetically balanced (PB) word lists and for sentences in noise. Significant differences among the reproductions appeared in practically all scales. The most preferred system was characterized by a fiat response at lower frequencies and a 6 dB/octave increase thereafter. There were certain differences between the NH and HI listeners in the judgments of the other systems. The intelligibility of PB word lists did not differ among the systems, and the S/N threshold for the sentences in noise only distinguished the flat response as worse than all others for the HI listeners. There was little correspondence between intelligibility measures and sound quality measures. The latter provided more information and distinctions among systems.

Voice Intelligibility in Patients Who Have Undergone Laryngectomies

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L. Miralles ◽  
Teresa Cervera
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Esophageal Speech ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Confusion Matrices

In this paper, we evaluate the speech intelligibility of two groups of Spanish-speaking people who have undergone laryngectomies: a group who used esophageal speech and a group who used tracheoesophageal (TES) prostheses. Audio recordings of 24 Spanish words produced by each talker were presented to a group of normal-hearing naive listeners who phonetically transcribed their responses. Listeners’ responses were registered in confusion matrices. Results indicate that differences between these two groups of patients appear when we consider phoneme types. The difficulty in producing the voicing distinction appeared in both TES and esophageal talkers. This finding is consistent with studies of English-speaking laryngectomized patients. Considering manner of production, fricative consonants had the highest number of confusions with the other phoneme class in the TES group, whereas in the esophageal group nasals resulted the highest number of confusions. However, ANOVA showed that differences between the two groups were not significant.

The Intelligibility of Whitened and Amplitude Compressed Speech in a Multitalker Background

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-404
Author(s):  
Lamar L. Young ◽  
Jeannette T. Goodman ◽  
Raymond Carhart
Keyword(s):  
Speech Signal ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Speech Discrimination ◽  
Target Signal ◽  
Compressed Speech ◽  
Amplitude Compression ◽  
Composite Signal

This experiment determined the effects of amplitude compression on speech intelligibility when both a target speech signal and a competing message were whitened and amplitude compressed. The target CNC discrimination words were electrically mixed with a competing message composed of five talkers. This composite signal was presented to normal hearing subjects in four ways: unmodified, whitened, whitened plus 3:1 amplitude compression and whitened plus 10:1 amplitude compression. Discrimination functions were obtained for the CNC material by varying the signal-to-competition ratio. The unmodified and whitened speech yielded comparable discrimination functions, but reduced discrimination scores were obtained with the whitened plus compressed speech. However, the reduction in speech discrimination for the whitened plus compressed speech was slight and was most evident when the target signal and the competing background were at the same intensity.

Influence of tinnitus sound therapy signals on the intelligibility of speech

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (8) ◽  
pp. 795-801
Author(s):  
A Paglialonga ◽  
S Fiocchi ◽  
M Parazzini ◽  
P Ravazzani ◽  
G Tognola
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sound Recordings ◽  
Stimulation Level ◽  
Band Noise ◽  
Sound Therapy ◽  
Natural Sound ◽  
Wide Band Noise

AbstractObjective:To assess the influence on speech intelligibility of various signals used in tinnitus sound therapy.Materials and methods:We measured, in normal hearing subjects, the intelligibility of speech in the presence of three different sound therapy signals: wide-band noise, a recording of moving water, and a combination of tones.Results:For a given level of stimulation, speech intelligibility was worst in the presence of wide-band noise, compared with the other sound therapy signals. When the stimulation level of the three different signals was increased, speech intelligibility deteriorated more rapidly with wide-band noise, compared with the other two signals. The combination of tones had the least influence on speech intelligibility.Conclusion:The use of different tinnitus sound therapy signals can lead to significantly different effects on the intelligibility of speech. The use of natural sound recordings or combinations of tones may provide the patient with more flexibility to change the stimulation level during treatment.

scholarly journals Systematic Comparison of Trial Exclusion Criteria for Pupillometry Data Analysis in Individuals With Single-Sided Deafness and Normal Hearing

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 233121652110132
Author(s):  
Emily A. Burg ◽  
Tanvi Thakkar ◽  
Taylor Fields ◽  
Sara M. Misurelli ◽  
Stefanie E. Kuchinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Pupil Dilation ◽  
Exclusion Criterion ◽  
Listening Effort ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Quiet Condition ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Single Sided Deafness

The measurement of pupil dilation has become a common way to assess listening effort. Pupillometry data are subject to artifacts, requiring highly contaminated data to be discarded from analysis. It is unknown how trial exclusion criteria impact experimental results. The present study examined the effect of a common exclusion criterion, percentage of blinks, on speech intelligibility and pupil dilation measures in 9 participants with single-sided deafness (SSD) and 20 participants with normal hearing. Participants listened to and repeated sentences in quiet or with speech maskers. Pupillometry trials were processed using three levels of blink exclusion criteria: 15%, 30%, and 45%. These percentages reflect a threshold for missing data points in a trial, where trials that exceed the threshold are excluded from analysis. Results indicated that pupil dilation was significantly greater and intelligibility was significantly lower in the masker compared with the quiet condition for both groups. Across-group comparisons revealed that speech intelligibility in the SSD group decreased significantly more than the normal hearing group from quiet to masker conditions, but the change in pupil dilation was similar for both groups. There was no effect of blink criteria on speech intelligibility or pupil dilation results for either group. However, the total percentage of blinks in the masker condition was significantly greater than in the quiet condition for the SSD group, which is consistent with previous studies that have found a relationship between blinking and task difficulty. This association should be carefully considered in future experiments using pupillometry to gauge listening effort.

Orosensory Perception, Speech Production, and Deafness

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milo E. Bishop ◽  
Robert L. Ringel ◽  
Arthur S. House
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Form Discrimination ◽  
School Subjects ◽  
Oral Form ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The oral form-discrimination abilities of 18 orally educated and oriented deaf high school subjects were determined and compared to those of manually educated and oriented deaf subjects and normal-hearing subjects. The similarities and differences among the responses of the three groups were discussed and then compared to responses elicited from subjects with functional disorders of articulation. In general, the discrimination scores separated the manual deaf from the other two groups, particularly when differences in form shapes were involved in the test. The implications of the results for theories relating orosensory-discrimination abilities are discussed. It is postulated that, while a failure in oroperceptual functioning may lead to disorders of articulation, a failure to use the oral mechanism for speech activities, even in persons with normal orosensory capabilities, may result in poor performance on oroperceptual tasks.

A revised speech intelligibility rating (RSIR) test: Listeners with normal hearing

1994 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
C SPEAKS ◽  
T TRINE ◽  
T CRAIN ◽  
N NICCUM
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Normal Hearing

Effects of Various Background Noises on Speech Intelligibility of Normal Hearing Subjects

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Hee Lee ◽  
Hyun Joon Shim ◽  
Sang Won Yoon ◽  
Kyoung Won Lee
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Normal Hearing
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