Correlation Between Frequency and Perceptual Severity of Stuttering in a Clinical Setting

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Farzan Irani ◽  
Edge Megan
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Student ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Pearson Product Moment Correlation ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to further explore the relationship between the frequency of stuttering measured in percentage of syllables stuttered (%SS) and perceptual ratings of stuttering severity by the clinician and the client in a clinical setting. Method: Eight adolescent and adult participants attending a stuttering therapy program and their graduate student clinicians perceptually rated stuttering severity using a 9‐point scale. Speech samples were gathered during each therapy session for a total of 167 speech samples. Further, each sample was analyzed for %SS. A Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to determine the strength and direction of correlations between %SS and perceptual ratings by the clinician and client. Results: The correlational analysis indicates significant positive correlations between perceptual severity ratings by the clinician and client as well as %SS. Correlation between perceptual ratings was stronger than the correlation between perceptual ratings and %SS. Conclusion: The strong, positive correlation between the client's self‐measurement and the clinician's perceptual measurement indicates similarities in global severity of stuttering perception. Weaker correlation between %SS and perceptual ratings indicates the need to incorporate a more holistic measure of stuttering severity. Implication and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEVOTIONAL SANGEETHAM OF SWAMI TYAGAYA, BRAIN-MIND DYNAMICS AND GOD SPOT

2019 ◽  
pp. 431-440
Author(s):  
Purushothaman Anantham
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Spiritual Experience ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Psychometric Assessment ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Pearson Product Moment Correlation ◽  
Grand Total ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

The rationale is that Saint Tyagaya’s devotional Sangeetham creates brain activity to contemplate on God and therefore God becomes neurologically real. This form of spiritual development and contemplative singing exercise could strengthen neurological circuits and manipulate a devotee’s emotion to produce love, empathy, compassion, benevolence and tolerance. The research is a validation of the psychometric assessment extending from Swami Tyagaya, devotional Sangeetham, God, neuro-psychology and spirituality. The methodology shows the development of a questionnaire survey with a grand total of Eighty two questions to measure five different types of subjects. The Questionnaire addresses the society’s knowledge, belief, devotion, attitudes and educational progress over the five subjects. The compilation of questionnaire was distributed to the Indian community in Malaysia. Four hundred and ten volunteers responded to tell their experiential views of Sangeetham, Swami Tyagaya, brain, devotion, God and spirituality. The Questionnaire data were analyzed using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. The result showed that there are strong positive correlation between Sangeetham, devotional reliance, God, brain Swami Tyagaya and spiritualism. These results conclusively indicate that Swami Tyagaya’s devotional Sangeetham strongly influences the spiritual experience of the Indian devotees in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Foreign Language Learning Strategies and Consecutive Interpreting Achievement: An Exploratory Study on Taiwanese Interpreting Students

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-164
Author(s):  
Yung-Nan Chiang ◽  
Daniel Steve Villarreal
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Language Learning Strategies ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Consecutive Interpreting ◽  
The Relationship

Although it has been frequently noted that interpreting students’ command of their working languages has not been solid enough to meet the challenge of interpreting, especially the challenge of interpreting from an A language to a B language, there has been no empirical research into whether their B language learning strategies are related to their interpretation achievement. This exploratory study filled this gap in the literature by investigating the relationship between foreign language (English) learning strategies and consecutive interpreting achievement among a group of undergraduate interpreting students in Taiwan. The participants’ learning strategies were assessed by Oxford’s Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL), while their achievement was measured by their semester grades in Mandarin-English interpreting classes. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were used to analyze the data. The results showed that learning strategies had significant positive correlations with interpreting achievement, regardless of whether the SILL was analyzed in terms of the overall scale, its subscales, or its individual items. Based on the results, implications for offering learning strategies training to students are discussed and directions for future research are suggested.

scholarly journals Comparison of Techniques to Sample Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri in Windblown Spray

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 1324-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Parker ◽  
C. H. Bock ◽  
T. R. Gottwald
Keyword(s):  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Sampling Area ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Similar Coefficient ◽  
Comparison Of Techniques ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

Four techniques were evaluated to sample windblown splash from canker-infected citrus plants. Two volumetric cyclone samplers (PAS450 and Burkard Cyclone) and two passive samplers (funnels and panels) were evaluated. The PAS450 collected no detectable bacteria in any trial. The Burkard cyclone consistently collected spray, but was found to do so even when the power was turned off. Thus, the Burkard cyclone essentially functioned passively, negating the advantage of a volumetric sampler for this application. Panels collected the greatest volume of splash followed by funnel samplers. CFU of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri per ml collected were significantly different between Burkards and panel samplers, but panels and funnels collected similar concentrations (Burkards, funnels, and panels collected 1,182, 1,426, and 2,667 CFU per ml, respectively). Positive correlations were found between the volume and the total X. axonopodis pv. citri collected, and between CFU per ml and total collected for panel and funnel samples. However, there was no correlation between CFU per ml and volume collected for either sampler. The Burkard sample showed a strong positive correlation (P < 0.01) between volume collected, total number of X. axonopodis pv. citri collected, and CFU per ml. The CFU per ml collected by the panels and funnels were similar (coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.97), compared with the relationship between the Burkard and panel catches (R2 = 0.68), or between the Burkard and funnel catches (R2 = 0.62). Panels collected the greatest volume, and effectively collected bacteria-laden windblown splash. The greater sampling area of the panels allowed a more representative sample than the other methods tested.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OLDER DRIVERS’ RESILIENCE AND SELF-REPORTED DRIVING MEASURES OVER 5 YEARS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S344-S344
Author(s):  
Renée M St Louis ◽  
Judith Charlton ◽  
Sjaan Koppel ◽  
Lisa J Molnar ◽  
Marilyn Di Stefano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Drivers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Driving Frequency ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Abstract As people age into older adulthood, they are more likely to experience events that impact their driving, such as age-related cognitive and functional declines, serious illness, or disability. The ability to demonstrate resilience following such adversity may influence one’s decisions and feelings about driving. This study investigated whether resilience of older drivers changes over time, and if relationships between resilience, gender, and self-reported driving-related abilities, perceptions and practices remain stable or change. Participants were from the Candrive/Ozcandrive study, a prospective cohort study of older drivers from Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Analyses are presented from a subset of Ozcandrive participants (n=125) from Australia who completed a resilience scale at two time points approximately five years apart, as well as measures of driving comfort during the day and night, perceived driving abilities, and driving frequency. Participants were primarily male (67.2%) with a mean age of 81.6 years (SD=3.3, Range=76.0-90.0) at Time 1. Resilience increased significantly from Time 1 to Time 2 (Median=82.0/84.00, z=-2.9, p&lt;.01). Although females had significantly higher resilience than males at both Time 1 (Median=84.0/81.0, U=2.3, p=.02) and Time 2 (Median=86.5/82.0, U=2.1, p=.03), there was a statistically significant increase in resilience of males over five years (p&lt;.01) and no statistical change for females. Results show small but significant positive correlations, and increasingly stronger relationships over time between older drivers’ resilience and driving comfort as well as perceived driving abilities. Future research will use modelling to examine the association of various factors on the change in resilience and driving-related measures.

The relationship between parenting styles and peace attitudes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-195
Author(s):  
Virgina Canegallo ◽  
Erika Broccoli ◽  
Mauro Cavarra ◽  
Erika Santoddì ◽  
Rosa Angela Fabio
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Culture Of Peace ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Taking into account previous literature on the role that the parenting styles to which individuals are exposed to during childhood have in shaping prosocial behaviors and attitudes, this study aims to investigate the relationship between parenting styles of parents and peace attitudes. Design/methodology/approach The peace attitude and the parenting style questionnaires were completed by 358 adolescent and adult participants. Pearson correlation coefficients were extracted and a stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. Findings The results indicate that individuals with authoritative parents tend to show stronger peace attitudes and open the way to further study what parental characteristics may be responsible for the development of peace attitudes in individuals. Research limitations/implications Participants retrospectively assessed their parents’ style. Future research may recruit both the actual parents of participants to collect more accurate data on parenting practices or use observational methods. Social implications This work seems to suggest that to achieve a more peaceful society, the ability of parents to raise their children by adopting an authoritative style should be taken into account and – if needed – enhanced. Understanding the developmental pathways that can influence individuals to consistently choose peace is important to promote a stable culture of peace across several levels of observation. Originality/value To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the relationship between parenting styles of parents and peace attitudes in their children.

scholarly journals Relationships between Intensity and Liking for Chemosensory Stimuli in Food Models: A Large-Scale Consumer Segmentation

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Isabella Endrizzi ◽  
Danny Cliceri ◽  
Leonardo Menghi ◽  
Eugenio Aprea ◽  
Mathilde Charles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Consumer Segmentation ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Food Model

This study, which was conducted as part of the Italian Taste project, was aimed at exploring the relationship between actual liking and sensory perception in four food models. Each food model was spiked with four levels of prototypical tastant (i.e., citric acid, sucrose, sodium chloride, capsaicin) to elicit a target sensation (TS) at an increasing perceived intensity. Participants (N = 2258; 59% women, aged 18–60) provided demographic information, a stated liking for 40 different foods/beverages, and their responsiveness to tastants in water. A food-specific Pearson’s coefficient was calculated individually to estimate the relationship between actual liking and TS responsiveness. Considering the relationship magnitude, consumers were grouped into four food-specific clusters, depending on whether they showed a strong negative (SNC), a weak negative (WNC), a weak positive (WPC), or a strong positive correlation (SPC). Overall, the degree of liking raised in parallel with sweetness responsiveness, fell as sourness and pungency perception increased, and showed an inverted U-shape relationship with saltiness. The SNC clusters generally perceived TSs at higher intensities, except for sourness. Clusters were validated by associating the level of stated liking towards food/beverages; however, some unexpected indications emerged: adding sugar to coffee or preferring spicy foods differentiated those presenting positive correlations from those showing negative correlations. Our findings constitute a step towards a more comprehensive understanding of food preferences.

scholarly journals A Practical Method for Assessing Lip Compression Strengthening in Healthy Adults

Cosmetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Abe ◽  
Zachary W. Bell ◽  
Vickie Wong ◽  
Robert W. Spitz ◽  
Ricardo B. Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Oral Performance ◽  
Standard Task ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship

There is no practical and accessible assessment method to evaluate lip muscle compression strength. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the standard method (i.e., Iowa Oral Performance Instrument) and a practical method in healthy adults. In order to achieve our research purpose, ninety-eight healthy adults (18–40 years) completed lip compression strength measurements (standard method) and lip grasping performance tests using a standard recyclable plastic water bottle (practical method). In the overall sample, the mean and standard deviation for standard method and practical method was 26.7 (7.0) kPa and 255 (119) g, respectively. For the overall sample (n = 98), there was a positive relationship between the two strength tasks [r = 0.56 (0.41, 0.68)]. When separated by sex, positive correlations were observed for men and women with no differences between the observed correlations [difference of 0.06 (−0.2646, 0.3917)]. This result indicates that those individuals who are strong in the standard task will often be strong in the practical task. Future research is needed to determine how well changes in each test track with each other in response to a lip strength training program.

The Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination and School/Work–Family Conflict Among Graduate Student-Parents

2020 ◽  
pp. 089484532091624
Author(s):  
Jordan M. Dolson ◽  
Eric D. Deemer
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Student ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Academic Program ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Student Parents ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Relationship

Work–family conflict (WFC) is commonly experienced by individuals who have roles in both the work and family domains including graduate students with children and/or dependents. Graduate student-parents have the additional strain of school, which can contribute to school–family conflict (SFC) as well. The purpose of this study was to examine whether burnout mediates the deleterious effects of parent-based discrimination on work- and family-related outcomes. We used a mediation modeling design to test whether the distal effects of such bias occur due to increased levels of burnout. Results indicated that burnout mediated the relationship between perceived discrimination and SFC and WFC. The control variables of gender, number of children, year in academic program, and residency status did not significantly predict burnout, SFC, or WFC. Practical and clinical implications are discussed in addition to suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Relationship between ego states and neuroticism among Indian males and females

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
Vijay Gopal Sreenivasan ◽  
C Suriyaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Transactional Analysis ◽  
Pearson Product Moment Correlation ◽  
Ego States ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this research project was to explore the relationship between ego states of Transactional Analysis (TA) and Neuroticism of the Big Five Factor model of personality among Indian adults. A sample of 192 Indian adults (37% male, 63% female) were administered the Ego State Questionnaire-Revised (ESQ-R) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI).  Pearson Product-Moment Correlation was used to discover the relationships between ego states and Neuroticism. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between Neuroticism and the ego states of Critical Parent (CP) and Adapted Child (AC). There was a negative correlation between Neuroticism and the ego states of Nurturing Parent (NP), Adult (A) and Free Child (FC). (All correlations are significant at 0.05 level using a two-tailed test.) The degree of positive correlations of the CP and AC ego states with Neuroticism, were stronger than the degree of the negative correlations of their corresponding ego states i.e. NP and FC ego states. Among negatively correlated ego states, NP was most weakly correlated with Neuroticism for women but for men it was stronger. Similarly, FC was most weakly correlated with Neuroticism for men, but for women the relationship was stronger. Except for FC, all other ego states showed increased degrees of correlation with Neuroticism from the age group of 25-40 years to that of 41-56 years. Though there are limitations to this research, the findings are in line with TA theory and may have implications for how TA therapy is applied.

scholarly journals Associations among Gender, Coping Patterns and Functioning for Individuals with Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina El-Shormilisy ◽  
Jenny Strong ◽  
Pamela J Meredith
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Nonmalignant Pain ◽  
Coping Patterns ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gender Specific

BACKGROUND: Developing strategies for coping with chronic pain is an integral part of successfully living with this often debilitating health condition. While gender differences in pain coping strategies have long been investigated, the relationship between gender-specific engagement in coping and associated functioning in individuals experiencing chronic pain is yet to be clearly understood.OBJECTIVE: The present systematic review focused on studies that address these relationships to critically evaluate the available evidence.METHODS: A systematic search was conducted using MEDLINE via Ovid, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL, with 7247 titles retrieved. To be included, studies had to be in English, focus on adult participants, consider chronic nonmalignant pain, use measures of coping and functioning (or disability), report on gender-specific outcomes (for coping and functioning [or disability]), and investigate a relationship among gender, coping and functioning. One researcher screened abstracts and full-text articles, and extracted and tabulated data, while two researchers independently assessed potential articles for eligibility and methodological quality.RESULTS: Only seven studies met the inclusion criteria – six of high quality and one of moderate quality. The presented findings suggest that women in pain are more likely to use coping strategies considered to be maladaptive, resulting in poorer functioning, while men tend to engage in coping strategies considered to be adaptive, leading to better functional outcomes.CONCLUSIONS: While there is some evidence supporting gender-specific engagement in coping and associated functioning, future research is necessary to expand understanding of these interrelations.

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