Epistemic architecture: steering the public perception of the messy problem of antibiotic resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-740
Author(s):  
Niels Nijsingh ◽  
Anne van Bergen
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
The Public ◽  
Epistemic Attitudes

In this perspective, we discuss non-experts’ beliefs about the complex and ‘messy' problem of antibiotic resistance (ABR). First, we explain what we mean by complex and messy problems and why ABR fits that description. We then suggest that the attitudes of non-experts are particularly relevant to these problems. This gives rise to social epistemic risks; risks that involve the collective and social aspects of the formation of epistemic attitudes. Steering these epistemic attitudes as a way of handling these risks can take the form of creating what we call ‘epistemic architecture’. That is, a planned design of the structure within which the formation of epistemic attitudes takes place. This entails risks of its own, which leads us to conclude that there is an important responsibility for experts to take these social epistemic risks into account when communicating on messy problems, such as ABR.

scholarly journals Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Manfaat Lansekap Mangrove Center Tuban Kabupaten Tuban Provinsi Jawa Timur

2016 ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
DIMAS SAIKHU RAHMAN ◽  
NANIEK KOHDRATA ◽  
IDA AYU MAYUN
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mass Media

ABSTRACTA Public Perception towards Benefits of the Landscape of Mangrove Center Tuban Tuban Regency - East Java ProvinceThis research was motivated by the problems that are often experienced by the manager of Mangrove Center Tuban changing the function of the region in this area which is the Environmental Educatian Center. This research uses descriptive qualitative approach with case studies in order to capture the phenomena that exist in the field then studied more deeply. The highest perception of knowledge of the benefits and advantages of mangrove forests in Mangrove Center Tuban rated public of the environmental aspects of the lowest 40% and the perception that the social aspects of the environment of 3%. Highest perception Mangrove Center Tuban by 40% of respondents perceived as the cultivation of mangrove and lowest perception is envorinmental education center at 14%. The highest perception of respondents stated assess the mangrove forests of the aspects of a life by 63% and the lowest was the respondent state on the features and functions of mangrove forests of 3%. The highest expression of respondents said getting information from the mass media by 37% and the lowest statement from the manager only by 29%. The conclusion of this study is the public perception of mangrove forests Mangrove Center Tuban is people just look at the circumstances that they see without looking for information first.

Arie Kuyvenhoven and L. B. M. Mennes. Guidelines for Project Appraisal. The Hague: Directorate-General for International Co-operation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1985. x + 190 pp.Price: fl. 19.50.

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-204
Author(s):  
Shamim A. Sahibzada ◽  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
The Public ◽  
Project Appraisal ◽  
Financial Appraisal ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
The Hague ◽  
Favourite Topic

There has lately been an increasing emphasis on methods of evaluating development projects in the developing countries. The traditional focus, which relies on only a financial appraisal of projects, is no longer a favourite topic with project analysts, especially in the public sector. In order to capture the full impact of projects, several methodologies, focusing on the economic and social aspects, have been introduced in the literature during the late Sixties and early Seventies. Moreover, to enhance/facilitate the applicability of these methods to actual projects, the need for Manuals, Guidelines, and Guides of project appraisal has been felt from time to time. Some well known attempts in this area have been made by OECD [2], UNIDO [1; 5], ODA [6] and ODM [7].

KETERTINDASAN MELAYU DALAM CERPEN “SUKU POMPONG” KARYA FEDLI AZIS DAN CERPEN “RUMAH DI UJUNG KAMPUNG” KARYA HANG KAFRAWI

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Marlina Marlina
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
The Public ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Imaginative Literature ◽  
The Village

Reading short stories “Suku Pompong” (Pompong Tribe) and “Rumah di Ujung Kampung” (House at the End of the Village) is like reading a historical reality that is happening on the ground of Riau Malay. The exploitation of forest resources on a large scale in recent decades in Riau Province has changed the land use of the area of intact forest into plantation area. The exploitation process causes friction in the community. The friction is eventually lead to conflict between communities and plantation companies. Their struggle to resolve conflicts and maintain their ancestral land, the strength of the company that has the license to the land and sadness when the public finally has always been on the losing side. This study objected to describe the objective reality of the Malay community in terms of land conversion, the communal land into plantations and reality of imaginative literature contained in the short stories “Suku Pompong” dan “Rumah di Ujung Kampung”. This study applied the sociology of literature approach, while the sociological approach to literature is a literary approach that specializes in reviewing literature by considering the social aspects. Based on these approaches, it can be concluded that short stories Suku Pompong and Rumah di Ujung Jalan are short stories that raised the reality of the Malay community.AbstrakMembaca cerpen “Suku Pompong” dan cerpen “Rumah di Ujung Kampung” seperti membaca sebuah realita sejarah yang terjadi di tanah Melayu Riau. Ekploitasi sumber daya hutan secara besar-besaran pada beberapa dekade terakhir di Provinsi Riau telah mengubah tata guna lahan dari kawasan hutan yang utuh menjadi kawasan perkebunan. Proses eksploitasi tersebut menimbulkan gesekan-gesekan dalam masyarakat. Gesekan-gesekan inilah yang akhirnya menimbulkan konflik antara masyarakat dengan pihak perusahaan perkebunan. Perjuangan masyarakat dalam menyelesaikan konflik dan mempertahankan tanah leluhur mereka, kekuatan pihak perusahaan yang memiliki surat izin atas tanah tersebut, dan kesedihan ketika masyarakat akhirnya selalu berada di pihak yang kalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan realitas objektif masyarakat Melayu Riau dalam hal alih fungsi lahan, dari lahan tanah ulayat menjadi lahan perkebunan, dan realititas imajinatif sastra yang terdapat dalam cerpen “Suku Pompong” dan cerpen “Rumah di Ujung Kampung”. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra, yaitu suatu pendekatan sastra yang mengkhususkan diri dalam menelaah karya sastra dengan mempertimbangkan segi-segi sosial kemasyarakatan. Dari pendekatan tersebut dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa cerpen “Suku Pompong” dan cerpen “Rumah di Ujung Kampung” memang merupakan cerpen yang mengangkat realitas masyarakat Melayu Riau.

Public Administration at the Movies

Public Voices ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn Holley ◽  
Rebecca K Lutte
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
The Public ◽  
Popular Films ◽  
Positive Message ◽  
American Society

This paper briefly summarizes evidence for the influence of popular films on public perception of government and on public policy.  Two films examined through the lens of public administration, and the lessons they teach about public administration, are exposed.  One film, Ghostbusters conveys a strongly negative image, and the other, A Thousand Heroes a strongly positive message.  Only Ghostbusters was and remains popular and profitable.  Public information efforts by government and the public administration community have been limited or reactive.  The authors argue for the increased support for public information initiatives such as those of the Public Employees Roundtable (PER) and  the American Society of Public Administration (ASPA).

scholarly journals ‘Ruined’ lives: Mediated white male victimhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-80
Author(s):  
Sarah Banet-Weiser
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
White Male ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multi Media ◽  
Patriarchal Power ◽  
Almost All ◽  
False Accusations

When the hashtag #metoo began to circulate in digital and social media, it challenged a familiar interpretation of those who are raped or sexually harassed as victims, positioning women as embodied agents. Yet, almost exactly a year after the #metoo movement shot to visible prominence, a different, though eerily similar, story began to circulate on the same multi-media platforms as #metoo: a story about white male victimhood. Powerful men in positions of privilege (almost always white) began to take up the mantle of victimhood as their own, often claiming to be victims of false accusations of sexual harassment and assault by women. Through the analysis of five public statements by highly visible, powerful men who have been accused of sexual violence, I argue that the discourse of victimhood is appropriated not by those who have historically suffered but by those in positions of patriarchal power. Almost all of the statements contain some sentiment about how the accusation (occasionally acknowledging the actual violence) ‘ruined their life’, and all of the statements analyzed here center the author, the accused white man, as the key subject in peril and the authors position themselves as truth-tellers about the incidents. These statements underscore certain shifts in the public perception of sexual violence; the very success of the #metoo movement in shifting the narrative has meant that men have had to defend themselves more explicitly in public. In order to wrestle back a hegemonic gender stability, these men take on the mantle of victimhood themselves.

Marginalia as narratives of ordinary lives: Shaughnessy Bishop-Stall’s Down to This

2021 ◽  
pp. 002198942098111
Author(s):  
Silvia Julia Caporale-Bizzini
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Personal Journey ◽  
The Public ◽  
Big City ◽  
The Human Condition

This article examines Canadian author Shaughnessy Bishop-Stall’s 2004 memoir Down to This: Squalor and Splendour in a Big-City Shantytown through the notions of marginalia and the ordinary in order to question dichotomic representations of homelessness. It explores how the author moves beyond binaries, interrogating the dichotomy ordinary/out of the ordinary lives by narrating his ethical encounter with the other (Butler, 2004). The text is written as a journal where Bishop-Stall describes his personal journey through homelessness; and more importantly, it gives a voice to the other down-and-out people in notorious Toronto’s Tent City. The characters’ unreliable and fragmented storytelling uncovers the lives of the faceless others. I contend that in Down to This individuals’ life stories are connected to realities which question binaries through the re/mapping of ordinary experiences and affects; they disintegrate the opposition materiality vs abstraction, or as I argue, exclusion vs inclusion (out of the ordinary/ordinary). Down to These bridges the private details of the residents’ life stories, and the public perception of the problem of homelessness, illustrating how everyday moments of precarity intersect with wider political issues. In the process, the narrative also questions the binary attitudes of exclusion (disfranchisement) and inclusion (privilege). This literary strategy gives the constellation of stories a profound illuminating vision of the human condition. I show my point by drawing on the of marginalia (Kistner 2014), and by analysing the characters’ narratives of precariousness through the notions of editing and affective assemblage (Gerlach, 2015; Hamilakis, 2017).

scholarly journals Perceptions of Antibiotic Use and Resistance: Are Antibiotics the Dentists’ Anxiolytics?

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Julie Dormoy ◽  
Marc-Olivier Vuillemin ◽  
Silvia Rossi ◽  
Jean-Marc Boivin ◽  
Julie Guillet
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Public

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a global health crisis. The aim of this study was to explore dentists’ perceptions of antibiotic resistance. Methods: A qualitative method was used. Seventeen dentists practising in the Nancy (Lorraine, France) region were surveyed. They were general practitioners or specialised in oral surgery, implantology, or periodontology. The practitioners took part in semi-structured interviews between September 2019 and July 2020. All of the interviews were transcribed in full and analysed thematically. Results: Four major themes have been selected: attitudes of the dentists in regard to the guidelines, clinical factors that influence prescriptions, non-clinical factors that influence prescriptions, and the perception of antibiotic resistance. The dentists stated that they were very concerned regarding the public health issue of antibiotic resistance. However, they often prescribe according to their own interests and habits rather than according to the relevant guidelines. Conclusions: Although dentists are generally well aware of antibiotic resistance, they often do not adequately appreciate the link between their prescribing habits and the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance. Regular updating of practitioners’ knowledge in this regard is necessary, but patients and the general public should also be made more aware of the issue.

Women, the Parliament and Political Participation in Post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cholpon Turdalieva ◽  
Medet Tiulegenov
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Gender Quotas ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
The Public ◽  
Women's Participation

This paper explores women’s participation in parliamentary elections in post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan. Using various methods, it offers an interdisciplinary perspective on factors that affect the likelihood of women participating successfully in parliamentary elections. This study supports the general literature on the effects of gender quotas and proportional representation, but its results on other factors are mixed. The factor of financial resources is significant, though its impact has been reduced with the introduction of gender quotas, while other factors—such as social status—may not be particularly important. The public perception of a woman in politics is not the greatest obstacle to women’s representation, and a female candidate’s professional status may often be attractive to party leaders.

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