Urocortin 2 is associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm and mediates anti-proliferative effects on vascular smooth muscle cells via corticotrophin releasing factor receptor 2

2013 ◽  
Vol 126 (7) ◽  
pp. 517-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theophilus I. Emeto ◽  
Joseph V. Moxon ◽  
Erik Biros ◽  
Catherine M. Rush ◽  
Paula Clancy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Corticotrophin Releasing Factor ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

There are no current effective drug therapies for abdominal aortic aneurysm, an important cause of death in older adults. Our study suggests that urocortin 2 participates in the disease process and may serve as a putative therapeutic target.

Peri-Adventitial Delivery of Smooth Muscle Cells in Porous Collagen Scaffolds for Treatment of Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joscha Mulorz ◽  
Mahdis Shayan ◽  
Caroline Hu ◽  
Cynthia Alcazar ◽  
Alex H.P Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Collagen Scaffolds ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Direct Delivery

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is associated with the loss of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) within the vessel wall. Direct delivery of therapeutic cells is challenging due to impaired mechanical...

scholarly journals Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Aortic Aneurysm: From Genetics to Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haocheng Lu ◽  
Wa Du ◽  
Lu Ren ◽  
Milton H. Hamblin ◽  
Richard C. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Aneurysm Development

Abstract Aortic aneurysm, including thoracic aortic aneurysm and abdominal aortic aneurysm, is the second most prevalent aortic disease following atherosclerosis, representing the ninth‐leading cause of death globally. Open surgery and endovascular procedures are the major treatments for aortic aneurysm. Typically, thoracic aortic aneurysm has a more robust genetic background than abdominal aortic aneurysm. Abdominal aortic aneurysm shares many features with thoracic aortic aneurysm, including loss of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), extracellular matrix degradation and inflammation. Although there are limitations to perfectly recapitulating all features of human aortic aneurysm, experimental models provide valuable tools to understand the molecular mechanisms and test novel therapies before human clinical trials. Among the cell types involved in aortic aneurysm development, VSMC dysfunction correlates with loss of aortic wall structural integrity. Here, we discuss the role of VSMCs in aortic aneurysm development. The loss of VSMCs, VSMC phenotypic switching, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, increased matrix metalloproteinase activity, elevated reactive oxygen species, defective autophagy, and increased senescence contribute to aortic aneurysm development. Further studies on aortic aneurysm pathogenesis and elucidation of the underlying signaling pathways are necessary to identify more novel targets for treating this prevalent and clinical impactful disease.

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