Atorvastatin normalizes endothelial function in healthy smokers

2006 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Agewall ◽  
Åsa Hernberg
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Atorvastatin Treatment ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Smoking Group ◽  
To Receive

Endothelial function is known to predict cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to examine whether endothelial function in smokers with normal cholesterol levels could be normalized by treatment with 80 mg of atorvastatin in comparison with a control group. Healthy smokers (n=20) and non-smokers (n=20) were randomized to receive 80 mg of atorvastatin or placebo in an open randomized cross-over study, followed by measurement of endothelial functional [FMD (flow-mediated dilation)]. At baseline, smokers had a lower FMD compared with the non-smoking group (2.2±0.5 and 4.5±0.8% respectively; P<0.05). In the smoking group, FMD increased significantly (P<0.05) to 4.0±0.8% during treatment with atorvastatin and returned to basal levels during placebo (2.3±0.6%). In the non-smoking group, FMD was unaffected by both atorvastatin and placebo. The net change of total cholesterol or LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol was not associated with the net change in FMD when the study group was considered as a whole or the smoking group was considered separately. In conclusion, improved endothelial function was observed in a group of smokers when they were received 80 mg of atorvastatin, whereas atorvastatin had no effect on endothelial function in the non-smoking group. The improved FMD among smokers was independent of the decrease in LDL-cholesterol during atorvastatin treatment. The results show that poor endothelial function in smokers with normal lipid levels can be improved by a statin treatment.

Efficacy and Safety of Evolocumab in Reducing Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Chinese Patients with Non-ST-segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Xu ◽  
Meng Chai ◽  
Yujing Cheng ◽  
Pingan Peng ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
St Segment

Aims: To explore early intensive lipid-lowering therapy in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS). Background: Lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels can reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Due to many reasons, the need for early intensive lipid-lowering therapy is far from being met in Chinese NSTE-ACS patients at high-risk of recurrent ischaemic events. Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of starting evolocumab in hospital to lower LDL-C levels in Chinese patients with NSTE-ACS. Methods: In this prospective cohort study initiated by researchers, 334 consecutive patients with NSTE-ACS who had sub-standard LDL-C levels (LDL-C ≥2.3 mmol/L after regular oral statin treatment for at least 4 weeks; or LDL-C ≥3.2 mmol/L without regular oral statin treatment) were included. Patients who agreed to treatment with evolocumab (140 mg subcutaneously every 2 weeks, initiated in hospital and used for 12 weeks after discharge) were enrolled in the evolocumab group (n=96) and others in the control group (n=238). All enrolled patients received regular statin treatment (atorvastatin 20 mg/day or rosuvastatin 10 mg/day; doses unchanged throughout the study).The primary endpoint was the change in LDL-C levels from baseline to week 12. Results: Most patients (67.1%) had not received regular statin treatment before. In the evolocumab group, LDL-C levels decreased significantly at week 4 and remained stable at week 8 and 12 (all p<0.001). At week 12, the LDL-C percentage change from baseline in the evolocumab group was -79.2±12.7% (from an average of 3.7 to 0.7 mmol/L), while in the control group it was -37.4±15.4% (from an average of 3.3 to 2.0 mmol/L). The mean difference between these 2 groups was -41.8% (95% CI -45.0 to -38.5%; p<0.001). At week 12, the proportions of patients with LDL-C levels <1.8 mmol/L and 1.4 mmol/L in the evolocumab group were significantly higher than in the control group (96.8 vs 36.1%; 90.6 vs 7.1%; both p<0.001). The incidence of adverse events and cardiovascular events was similar in both groups. Conclusions: In this prospective cohort study we evaluated the early initiation of evolocumab in NSTE-ACS patients in China. Evolocumab combined with statins significantly lowered LDL-C levels and increased the probability of achieving recommended LDL-C levels, with satisfactory safety and well tolerance.

Drug related metabolites and genetic polymorphisms predict low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response to atorvastatin treatment in patients with coronary heart disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Munkhaugen ◽  
E Sverre ◽  
O Kristiansen ◽  
M.W Fagerland ◽  
K Peersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atorvastatin Treatment

Abstract Background There is considerable individual variation in the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction at all classes and doses of statins. Knowledge of the determinants of individual variation LDL-C response upon statin treatment may pave the way for personalized and optimized statin treatment. Purpose We aimed to determine clinical and drug related predictors of variability of LDL-C response to atorvastatin 40 mg in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods This is an explorative study among 70 patients enrolled in the MUscle Side-Effects of atorvastatin in coronary patients (MUSE) randomized double blinded cross-over trial. Absolute and relative changes in LDL-C after 7 weeks treatment with atorvastatin 40 mg/day and 7 weeks treatment with placebo, were calculated for each patient. Linear regression analyses were applied to investigate the association between clinical (10 variables) and drug related (atorvastatin and/or metabolites, 18 variables) predictors and changes in LDL-C. Results Adherence to allocated treatment was high as confirmed by atorvastatin levels in blood and a mean proportion of days covered of 99% (range 91–100%). Mean reduction in LDL-C on atorvastatin treatment (LDL-C atorvastatin – LDL-C placebo) was 2.1 (SD 0.7, range 0.3 to 3.4) mmol/L. Mean percentage reduction in LDL-C was 51.1 (SD 11.2, range 29 to 60)%, and 37 patients (52.9%) had &lt;50% LDL-C reduction. Genetic polymorphisms in SLCO1B1 or CYP3A (B 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.12, p=0.026), increasing number of coronary events (B 0.06, 95% CI 0.002 to 0.10, p=0.005), increasing trough concentration of 4-OH atorvastatin lactone (B 0.05, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.08, p=0.005) and increasing trough concentration of 4-OH atorvastatin acid (B 0.05, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.08, p=0.006) were the significant determinants of lower relative change (%) in LDL-C, in adjusted analyses. Age, gender, somatic comorbidity, cardiovascular risk factors, statin dependent muscle side-effects and other clinical and drug related determinants were not associated with changes in LDL-C. Conclusions There is considerable inter-individual variation in the LDL-C response upon treatment with atorvastatin despite confirmed high statin adherence. This is the first study reporting that genetic polymorphisms involved in the metabolism of statins and atorvastatin metabolites predict lower LDL-C response. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): National Association of Health, Grant/Award

scholarly journals Serum PCSK9 Levels Distinguish Individuals Who Do Not Respond to High-Dose Statin Therapy with the Expected Reduction in LDL-C

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Taylor ◽  
Gregory Panza ◽  
Linda S. Pescatello ◽  
Stuart Chipkin ◽  
Daniel Gipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Drug Compliance ◽  
Atorvastatin Treatment ◽  
Pill Counts ◽  
And Gender

The purpose of the present report was to examine whether proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels differ in individuals who do not exhibit expected reductions in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with statin therapy. Eighteen nonresponder subjects treated with 80 mg atorvastatin treatment for 6 months without substantial reductions in LDL-C (ΔLDL-C: 2.6 ± 11.4%) were compared to age- and gender-matched atorvastatin responders (ΔLDL-C: 50.7 ± 8.5%) and placebo-treated subjects (ΔLDL-C: 9.9 ± 21.5%). Free PCSK9 was marginally higher in nonresponders at baseline(P=0.07)and significantly higher in atorvastatin responders after 6 months of treatment(P=0.04). The change in free PCSK9 over 6 months with statin treatment was higher(P<0.01)in atorvastatin responders (134.2 ± 131.5 ng/mL post- versus prestudy) than in either the nonresponders (39.9 ± 87.8 ng/mL) or placebo subjects (27.8 ± 97.6 ng/mL). Drug compliance was not lower in the nonresponders as assessed by pill counts and poststudy plasma atorvastatin levels. Serum PCSK9 levels, both at baseline and in response to statin therapy, may differentiate individuals who do versus those who do not respond to statin treatment.

Cholesterol Levels In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A retrospective Multicenter Study

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 5292-5292
Author(s):  
Irfan Yavasoglu ◽  
Gokhan Pektas ◽  
Fergün Yilmaz ◽  
Gülsüm Akgün ◽  
Anil Tombak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Lipid Parameters ◽  
Low Cholesterol ◽  
Retrospective Multicenter Study

Abstract Low cholesterol levels can be detected in solid tumors and hematological malignancies such as muliple myeloma. Moreover chloesterol levels reduced in some experimental studies of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In this retrospective multicenter study, lipid levels were retrospectively evaluated in 420 (264 male and 256 female with mean age 64 ± 11 years) patients with newly diagnosed CLL, according to the International CLL study group. 71 (28 male and 43 female with mean age 55 ± 9 years) healthy subjects as control group were included to this study. Lipid parameters such as total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), and triglyceride levels were measured with enzymatic/ calorimetric method and Architect C800 instrument. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were calculated according to Friedwald formula. Lipid parameters between two groups were compared with Mann-Whitney U test. A value of p< 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. According to Binet classification, 60% of patients were in stage A, while 25% of them were in stage C. In CLL patients, the levels of TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C were lower than those of control group (p=0.001). There was no significantly difference for triglyceride and VLDL-C levels between two groups (p>0.05) (Table-1). The levels of TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C in the patients with stage C were lower than those of both stage A and stage B (Table-2). Low cholesterol levels in patients with CLL may occur due to increased use of cholesterol by lymphocytes.Table-1Lipid parameters in control group and CLL patientsCLL (N:420)Control (N:71)P valueTC (mg/dl)175±41217±36<0.001HDL-C (mg/dl)37±1153±14<0.001LDL-C (mg/dl)108±30131±29<0.001Triglyceride (mg/dl)140±71147±68>0.05VLDL-C (mg/dl)31±1731±17>0.05Table 2Lipid parameters in the patients according to Binet classificationStage A (n:255)Stage B(n:61)Stage C(n:104)P valueTC(mg/dl)183±38179±43156±40<0.001HDL-C(mg/dl)40±1237±1232±12<0.001LDL-C (mg/dl)112±28110±3398±30<0.001Triglyceride (mg/dl)141±76136±53141±68>0.05VLDL-C(mg/dl)30±1535±3331±13>0.05 Disclosures: Sonmez: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Turkey: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds of Porcine Hearts and Aortas May Improve Cardiovascular Disorders in Humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7330
Author(s):  
Irina Chernukha ◽  
Elena Kotenkova ◽  
Svetlana Derbeneva ◽  
Daniil Khvostov
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
The Difference

Functional foods promote health benefits in human metabolism, with bioactive compounds acting as therapeutic agents. The aim was to investigate the biological effects of a pâté made of pork hearts and aortas, minced, sterilised and packed in tins. Adults (61–66 years old) with a body mass index of 26.4–60.7 kg/m2 (n = 36) were randomly divided into two groups: one group consumed a low-calorie diet (LCD), while the other consumed an LCD with the developed meat product (MP) for 28–30 days. Serum biochemical parameters, anthropometry and blood pressure were measured. Consumption of an LCD + MP by experimental group participants helped to maintain reduced cholesterol levels. The difference in total cholesterol was significantly different (p = 0.018) from that of the control group, mainly due to the difference in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.005). Six peptides with potential cholesterol-binding properties and four peptides with potential antioxidant activity were identified in the MP, while elevation of the content of two peptides with potential angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitory activity was detected in patients’ plasma. Intervention with the MP can be considered as a supportive therapy to the main treatment for medical cardiovascular diseases due to a positive effect on serum cholesterol.

scholarly journals Effect of atorvastatin on spermatogenesis in rats: A stereological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2609-2614
Author(s):  
Ekrem Akdeniz ◽  
Mehmet Emin Onger ◽  
Mustafa Suat Bolat ◽  
Fatih Firat ◽  
Metin Gur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Optical Fractionator ◽  
Rat Spermatogenesis

Purpose: To investigate the effects of oral atorvastatin on spermatogenesis in a rat model.Methods: Rats were equally assigned into control and study groups, the latter receiving atorvastatin (20 mg/kg/day). At the end of 12 weeks, spermatogenetic activity was evaluated using stereological and optical fractionator methods. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (TT), and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were measured using micro–ELISA kits. Total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL - C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were also measured by enzymatic colorimetric assays.Results: Testicular stereological analysis revealed that atorvastatin reduced Sertoli cell numbers (p < 0.001), spermatogonia (p < 0.001), spermatocytes (p < 0.001), and seminiferous tubule diameters (p < 0.001). LDL – C (p = 0.01) and TG (p = 0.01) values were significantly lower in the study group compared with the control group. There was no significant difference in FSH (p = 0.44), LH (p = 0.48),and TT (p = 0.06) levels between the groups.Conclusion: The findings show that atorvastatin causes deleterious effects on rat spermatogenesis. It should therefore be used with caution in clinical practice owing to its potential adverse effects, especially on male fertility. Keywords: Statin, Atorvastatin, Spermatogenesis, Stereology, Testis

scholarly journals Adipokine expression and endothelial function in subclinical hypothyroidism rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningning Gong ◽  
Cuixia Gao ◽  
Xuedi Chen ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Limin Tian
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The purpose of our study was to observe adipokine expression and endothelial function in subclinical hypothyroidism (sHT) rats and to determine whether levothyroxine (LT4) treatment affects these changes. Sixty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: the control group; sHT A, B and C groups and the sHT + T4 group. The sHT rats were induced by methimazole (MMI) and the sHT + T4 rats were administered LT4 treatment after 8 weeks of MMI administration. Thyroid function and lipid levels were measured using radioimmunoassays and enzymatic colorimetric methods, respectively. Serum adiponectin (APN), chemerin, TNF-α, endothelin (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured using ELISA kits and a nitric-reductive assay. The expression of APN, chemerin and TNF-α in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was measured in experimental rats using RT-PCR and Western blotting. Hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining was used to observe changes in adipose tissue. The sHT rats had significantly higher levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), TNF-α, chemerin, ET-1, total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and lower levels of APN and NO than those in control and sHT + T4 rats. Based on Pearson correlation analysis, the levels of chemerin, TNF-α, ET-1, LDL-C, TC and triglyceride (TG) were positively correlated with TSH, but APN and NO levels were negatively correlated with TSH. These findings demonstrated that high TSH levels contribute to the changes of adipokines and endothelial dysfunction in sHT, but LT4 treatment ameliorates those changes.

Autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and LDL oxidation status

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Brizzi ◽  
Giancarlo Tonolo ◽  
Graziano Bertrand ◽  
Francesca Carusillo ◽  
Cristiana Severino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Oxidation Degree ◽  
Atorvastatin Treatment ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus

AbstractOxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDLs) and their autoantibodies (OLAB) are involved in the development of atherosclerosis in animal models, but their role in humans is still not clear. For this reason we studied 54 patients with β-thalassemia major (TM), as a model of chronically low circulating LDLs with a high level of oxidation; 44 patients with primary hypercholesterolemia, as model of chronically high circulating LDLs; 24 type 2 diabetic mellitus patients (T2DM) before and after 3 months of atorvastatin treatment (20 mg/day), as a model of acute changes in circulating LDLs; and 41 normolipidemic subjects as a control group. ox-LDLs were measured by the determination of baseline diene concentration in the plasma LDL lipidic fraction after 12 hours fasting and were expressed as the amount of conjugated dienes/liter (BDC/l) or BDC/LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), which indicate respectively LDL oxidation degree and status. OLABwere determined using an enzyme immunoassay and related to LDL oxidation degree (BDC/l). In TM, BDC/l was lower, while BDC/LDL-C was significantly higher, compared to both hypercholesterolemia and normolipidemic subjects. Patients with hypercholesterolemia had higher BDC/l, but lower BDC/LDL-C and OLAB/BDC-l, than normolipidemic subjects. In T2DM patients at diet, BDC/LDL-C and OLAB/BDC-l were lower than in normolipidemic subjects. After 3 months of atorvastatin treatment, BDC/LDL-C and OLAB/BDC-l ratios increased. When all patients were evaluated together, a significant inverse correlation was evident between OLABand either LDL or BDC/l. Our findings suggest that a relationship between OLABtiter and oxidation indices (BDC/l and BDC/LDL-C) does exist and we may speculate that an increase in OLAB/BDC-l ratio might be protective against the risk of atherosclerosis.

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