Venous reflux has a limited effect on calf muscle pump dysfunction in post-thrombotic patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
José H. HAENEN ◽  
Mirian C.H. JANSSEN ◽  
Alphonsus J.M. BRAKKEE ◽  
Herman VAN LANGEN ◽  
Hub WOLLERSHEIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Muscle Pump ◽  
Calf Muscle Pump

Venous reflux has a limited effect on calf muscle pump dysfunction in post-thrombotic patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
José H. HAENEN ◽  
Mirian C. H. JANSSEN ◽  
Alphonsus J. M. BRAKKEE ◽  
Herman VAN LANGEN ◽  
Hub WOLLERSHEIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Duplex Scanning ◽  
Valsalva Manoeuvre ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Venous Outflow ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Reflux Time ◽  
Pump Function ◽  
Muscle Pump ◽  
Calf Muscle Pump

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between calf muscle pump dysfunction (CMD) and the presence and location of valvular incompetence. Deep vein obstruction might influence CMD, and so venous outflow resistance (VOR) was measured. VOR and calf muscle pump function were measured in 81 patients, 7–13 years after venographically confirmed lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis. The supine venous pump function test (SVPT) measures CMD, and the VOR measures the presence of venous outflow obstructions, both with the use of strain-gauge plethysmography. Valvular incompetence was measured using duplex scanning in 16 vein segments of one leg. Venous reflux was measured in proximal veins using the Valsalva manoeuvre, and in the distal veins by distal manual compression with sudden release. Abnormal proximal venous reflux was defined as a reflux time of more than 1 s, and abnormal distal venous reflux as a reflux time of more than 0.5 s. No statistically significant relationship was found between the SVPT and either the location or the number of vein segments with reflux. Of the 81 patients, only nine still had an abnormally high VOR, and this VOR showed no relationship with the SVPT. In conclusion, venous reflux has a limited effect on CMD, as measured by the SVPT. The presence of a venous outflow obstruction did not significantly influence the SVPT. Duplex scanning and the SVPT are independent complementary tests for evaluating chronic venous insufficiency.

The Effect of Elastic Compression on Calf Muscle Pump Function

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Christopoulos ◽  
A. N. Nicolaides ◽  
G. Belcaro ◽  
P. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Haemodynamic Effect ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Venous Capacitance ◽  
Elastic Compression ◽  
Muscle Pump ◽  
Calf Muscle Pump ◽  
Elastic Stockings ◽  
Venous Volume

The haemodynamic effect of elastic compression has been evaluated in 23 patients (26 limbs) with superficial venous incompetence. Ambulatory venous pressure (AVP) and pressure recovery time (RT90) were measured with foot vein canulation. Also the functional venous volume (VV) (venous capacitance), venous reflux and the ejecting capacity of the calf muscle pump were measured with air-plethysmography. The above measurements were made with and without a graduated compression elastic stocking. Elastic compression produced a significant reduction in VV ( P < 0.01). Also a significant decrease in venous reflux and increase in the ejecting capacity of the calf muscle pump ( P < 0.01). The above alterations explain the significant reduction in AVP and prolongation of RT90 ( P < 0.01) which was observed as a result of elastic compression. The measurements made in this study demonstrate in an objective and quantitative way the beneficial effect of elastic stockings in patients with superficial venous incompetence and how this effect is achieved.

The Long-Term Effect of Elastic Compression on the Venous Haemodynamics of the Leg

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Christopoulos ◽  
A. N. Nicolaides ◽  
G. Belcaro
Keyword(s):  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Haemodynamic Effect ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Elastic Compression ◽  
Muscle Pump ◽  
Calf Muscle Pump ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Venous Volume

The long-term haemodynamic effect of elastic compression has been evaluated in 16 patients (20 limbs) with superficial venous incompetence. Ambulatory venous pressure (AVP) and pressure recovery time (RT90) were measured with foot vein canulation. Air-plethysmography was used to measure venous volume, venous reflux and the ejecting capacity of the calf muscle pump, before and after the application of graduated elastic stockings, for 4 weeks. Limbs were tested without the stockings. Elastic compression for 4 weeks produced a significant reduction in the venous volume ( P < 0.01), a significant decrease in venous reflux and an increase in the ejecting capacity of the calf muscle pump ( P < 0.01). The above changes explain the significant reduction in AVP and prolongation of RT90 ( P < 0.01) which was observed. The results indicate that there is a considerable improvement in venous haemodynamics after 4 weeks support with graduated elastic compression.

scholarly journals The development of postthrombotic syndrome in relationship to venous reflux and calf muscle pump dysfunction at 2 years after the onset of deep venous thrombosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1184-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
José H. Haenen ◽  
Mirian C.H. Janssen ◽  
Hub Wollersheim ◽  
Martin A. Van't Hof ◽  
M.J.M. de Rooij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Postthrombotic Syndrome ◽  
Venous Reflux ◽  
Muscle Pump ◽  
Calf Muscle Pump

Calf Muscle Pump Stimulation as a Means to Reduce Symptoms of Fibromyalgia Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn M. Baniak ◽  
Carolyn S. Pierce ◽  
Erik Hiester ◽  
Kenneth J. McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Widespread Pain ◽  
Muscle Pump ◽  
Calf Muscle Pump ◽  
Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ◽  
Change In Mean ◽  
Quiet Sitting

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a debilitating chronic condition that often affects women in midlife with widespread pain that interrupts attempts to exercise. The purpose of this pilot study was to test the efficacy of calf muscle pump (CMP) stimulation as an adjuvant therapy for FM by (1) assessing the correlation of the level of symptoms, as measured by the revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR), and blood pressure (BP), (2) measuring change in mean FIQR scores for subjects who use a CMP-stimulation device for 12 weeks, and (3) measuring the correlation of total device usage and the level of symptoms as measured by the FIQR. The 29 male and female participants (mean age = 47.3 years) were screened using the Widespread Pain Index (WPI), Symptom Severity (SS) score, and the FIQR. Participants were contacted weekly, and progress was assessed using the WPI, SS score, and the FIQR as well as general questions regarding responses to CMP stimulation. The attrition rate was high, which is not uncommon in studies of patients with FM. We found that diastolic BP was significantly inversely correlated with baseline FIQR scores during quiet sitting. Further, 12 weeks of CMP stimulation was associated with significant improvement in average FIQR scores at a rate of approximately −1.5 points per week ( R2 = .9; p ≤ .0001). Total device usage was strongly and inversely correlated with baseline FIQR scores ( R2 = .43; p = .02). These findings suggest that CMP stimulation may provide an additional treatment option for individuals with FM who are challenged to perform traditional forms of exercise.

Calf muscle pump function as a predictor of all-cause mortality

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-526
Author(s):  
Meghana Halkar ◽  
Jose Medina Inojosa ◽  
David Liedl ◽  
Waldemar Wysokinski ◽  
Damon E Houghton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Charlson Comorbidity Index ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Muscle Pump ◽  
Calf Muscle Pump ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
Predominantly Female ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Calf muscle pump (CMP) promotes venous return from the lower extremity and contributes to preload and cardiac output. Impaired CMP function may reflect a measure of frailty or cumulative disease burden or may impede cardiac function. The study objective was to test the hypothesis that impaired CMP negatively impacts survival. Consecutive adult patients who underwent venous strain gauge plethysmography at the Mayo Clinic Gonda Vascular Laboratory (January 1, 1998 – December 31, 2011) were assessed for overall survival. Patients with venous incompetence, venous obstruction or unilateral calf pump dysfunction were excluded. Risk of mortality was assessed with Cox proportional hazard ratios and after adjusting for Charlson Comorbidity Index variables. Over the study period, 2728 patients were included in the analysis. Compared to patients with normal CMP, those with impaired CMP were older ( p < 0.001), predominantly female ( p = 0.01) and had higher mean Charlson scores ( p < 0.001). Patients with impaired CMP had a higher mortality rate at 5 (8.9% vs 2.4%), 10 (17.5% vs 5.9%), and 15 years (22.8% vs 8.3%) compared to those with normal CMP ( p < 0.001 for each comparison). Of patients with heart failure, those with impaired CMP had worse survival at each 5-year increment compared to those with normal CMP ( p < 0.05 at each increment). In conclusion, impaired CMP appears to be an independent predictor of poor outcomes after adjusting for variables within the Charlson Comorbidity Index. The association between impaired CMP, heart failure, and mortality may represent a negative impact on circulatory function or a surrogate measure of frailty.

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