Comparison of the effects of atherosclerosis and nitrate therapy on responses to nitric oxide and endothelin-1 in human arteries in vitro

2002 ◽  
Vol 103 (s2002) ◽  
pp. 124S-127S ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E. WILEY ◽  
Anthony P. DAVENPORT
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Nitrate Therapy ◽  
And Control

The effect of previous nitrate therapy on vascular responses to endothelin-1 (ET-1) and NO was investigated in human internal mammary artery (IMA) in vitro. Cumulative concentration–response curves to ET-1 were constructed in rings of IMA and the data grouped into IMA from patients given nitrates prior to the bypass graft operation (nitrate group) and IMA from patients who were not prescribed nitrates (control group). No significant differences were observed between the two groups, either in EC50 value [P>0.05; 3.5nM (2.4–5.3nM; 95% confidence interval) and 4.8 (2.2–10nM), nitrate and control groups respectively] or Emax (P>0.05; 78±7.5% and 85±9.5%, nitrate and control group respectively). No significant differences in concentration–response curves to the NO-donor diethylamine NONOate (DEA/NO) in rings of IMA pre-constricted with 10nM ET-1 were observed between control and nitrate groups [P>0.05; EC50 values 0.59 (0.21–1.7) µM and 0.17 (0.03–0.87) µM; Emax 110±5.7% and 112±4.5%, nitrate and control groups respectively]. Concentration–response curves to DEA/NO constructed in normal coronary artery were not significantly different from those in coronary artery obtained from patients with ischaemic heart disease (IHD) [P>0.05; Emax 124±11% and 138±20%; EC50 0.08 (0.02–0.30) µM and 0.23 (0.02–24) µM, normal and IHD respectively]. These data indicate that nitrate therapy does not induce long-term changes in the ET signalling pathway. Furthermore, the tolerance to nitrate therapy is likely to be because of impaired bio-transformation of the drug rather than reduced sensitivity of the media to NO. The similar responses to DEA/NO in normal and atherosclerotic coronary artery suggests that the reduced vasodilator responses in IHD is because of a dysfunctional endothelium and is not mediated by changes in the NO signalling pathway of the smooth muscle.

scholarly journals The Accuracy and Reliability of Tooth Shade Selection Using Different Instrumental Techniques: An In Vitro Study

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7490
Author(s):  
Nattapong Sirintawat ◽  
Tanyaporn Leelaratrungruang ◽  
Pongsakorn Poovarodom ◽  
Sirichai Kiattavorncharoen ◽  
Parinya Amornsettachai
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intraoral Scanner ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
B Values ◽  
Cie Lab ◽  
And Control ◽  
Shade Selection

This study aimed to investigate and compare the reliability and accuracy of tooth shade selection in the model using 30 milled crowns via five methods: (1) digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera with twin flash (TF) and polarized filter (DSLR + TF), (2) DSLR camera with a ring flash (RF) and polarized filter (DSLR + RF), (3) smartphone camera with light corrector and polarized filter (SMART), (4) intraoral scanner (IOS), and (5) spectrophotometer (SPEC). These methods were compared with the control group or manufacturer’s shade. The CIE Lab values (L, a, and b values) were obtained from five of the methods to indicate the color of the tooth. Adobe Photoshop was used to generate CIE Lab values from the digital photographs. The reliability was calculated from the intraclass correlation based on two repetitions. The accuracy was calculated from; (a) ΔE calculated by the formula comparing each method to the control group, (b) study and control groups were analyzed by using the Kruskal–Wallis test, and (c) the relationship between study and control groups were calculated using Spearman’s correlation. The reliability of the intraclass correlation of L, a, and b values obtained from the five methods showed satisfactory correlations ranging from 0.732–0.996, 0.887–0.994, and 0.884–0.999, respectively. The ΔE from all groups had statistically significant differences when compared to the border of clinical acceptance (ΔE = 6.8). The ΔE from DSLR + TF, DSLR + RF, SMART, and SPEC were higher than clinical acceptance (ΔE > 6.8), whereas the ΔE from IOS was 5.96 and all of the L, a, and b values were not statistically significantly different from the manufacturer’s shade (p < 0.01). The ΔE of the DSLR + RF group showed the least accuracy (ΔE = 19.98), whereas the ∆E of DSLR + TF, SMART, and SPEC showed similar accuracy ∆E (ΔE = 10.90, 10.57, and 11.57, respectively). The DSLR camera combined with a ring flash system and polarized filter provided the least accuracy. The intraoral scanner provided the highest accuracy. However, tooth shade selection deserves the combination of various techniques and a professional learning curve to establish the most accurate outcome.

scholarly journals Use of oocytes selected by brilliant cresyl blue staining enhances rabbit cloned embryo development in vitro

Zygote ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linying Jia ◽  
Bo Ding ◽  
Chong Shen ◽  
Shiwei Luo ◽  
Yanru Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mass ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Brilliant Cresyl Blue ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Cresyl Blue ◽  
And Control

SummaryRabbits play an important role in people’s lives due to their high nutritional value and high-quality hair that can be used as raw material for textiles. Furthermore, rabbits are an important animal model for human disease, as genome-edited animals are particularly valuable for studying gene functions and pathogenesis. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is an important technique for producing genome-edited animals and it has great value in saving endangered species and in clone stem cell therapy. However, the low efficiency of SCNT limits its application, with the selection of suitable rabbit oocytes being crucial to its success. In the present study, we collected oocytes from ovarian follicles and stained them with 26 μM brilliant cresyl blue (BCB). We then matured the oocytes in vitro and used them for SCNT. Comparison of the BCB-positive oocytes with BCB-negative oocytes and the control group showed that the BCB-positive group had a significantly higher maturation rate (81.4% vs. 48.9% and 65.3% for the negative and control groups, respectively), cleavage rate (86.6% vs. 67.9% and 77.9%), blastocyst rate (30.5% vs. 12.8% and 19.6%), total number of blastocysts (90±7.5 vs. 65.3±6.3 and 67.5±5.7), and inner cell mass (ICM)/ trophectoderm (TE) index (42.3±4.2 vs. 30.2±2.1 and 33.9±5.1) (P<0.05). The BCB-positive group had a significantly lower apoptosis index (2.1±0.6 vs. 8.2±0.9 and 6.7±1.1 for the negative and control groups, respectively) (P<0.05). These findings demonstrate that BCB-positive oocytes have a higher maturation ability and developmental competence in vitro, indicating that BCB staining is a reliable method for selecting oocytes to enhance the efficiency of SCNT.

scholarly journals Effect of crotamine, a cell-penetrating peptide, on blastocyst production and gene expression of in vitro fertilized bovine embryos

Zygote ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iana S. Campelo ◽  
Alexsandra F. Pereira ◽  
Agostinho S. Alcântara-Neto ◽  
Natalia G. Canel ◽  
Joanna M.G. Souza-Fabjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Penetrating Peptide ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cell Penetrating ◽  
A Cell ◽  
And Control

SummaryThe present study investigated the effects of crotamine, a cell-penetrating peptide from rattlesnake venom, at different exposure times and concentrations, on both developmental competence and gene expression (ATP1A1, AQP3, GLUT1 and GLUT3) of in vitro fertilized (IVF) bovine embryos. In Experiment 1, presumptive zygotes were exposed to 0.1 μM crotamine for 6, 12 or 24 h and control groups (vehicle and IVF) were included. In Experiment 2, presumptive zygotes were exposed to 0 (vehicle), 0.1, 1 and 10 μM crotamine for 24 h. Additionally, to visualize crotamine uptake, embryos were exposed to rhodamine B-labelled crotamine and subjected to confocal microscopy. In Experiment 1, no difference (P > 0.05) was observed among different exposure times and control groups for cleavage and blastocyst rates and total cells number per blastocyst. Within each exposure time, mRNA levels were similar (P > 0.05) in embryos cultured with or without crotamine. In Experiment 2, concentrations as high as 10 μM crotamine did not affect (P > 0.05) the blastocyst rate. Crotamine at 0.1 and 10 μM did not alter mRNA levels when compared with the control (P > 0.05). Remarkably, only 1 μM crotamine decreased both ATP1A1 and AQP3 expression levels relative to the control group (P < 0.05). Also, it was possible to visualize the intracellular localization of crotamine. These results indicate that crotamine can translocate intact IVF bovine embryos and its application in the culture medium is possible at concentrations from 0.1–10 μM for 6–24 h.

scholarly journals Comparison of acute normovolemic hemodilution effect on the amount of bleeding in the first 48 hours after coronary artery bypass grafting

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1417
Author(s):  
Vadoud Norouzi ◽  
Mohammad Hasanpour ◽  
Sahar Khajavi
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Bleeding Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common causes of mortality in developed countries, as well as in the whole world. In this regard, autologous transfusion is a topic that can be useful and valuable, especially in complex surgery such as heart surgery and organ transplantation. One of its variants is Acute Normovolomic Hemodilution (ANH). Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of ANH on the amount of bleeding in the first 48hours after coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods: In this clinical trial, 100 patients were selected from all heart patients referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardebil for CABG surgery in the years 2016-17. They were selected by simple random sampling as a statistical sample and They were divided into intervention (50 ANH recipients’ people) and control groups (50 without ANH people).Results: Based on the findings, in the ANH recipients’ group, the mean of bleeding volume was 59.1±7.3ml in the first day and 55.6±4.2ml in the control group and the difference between the two groups was not significant on the first day. The mean of bleeding volume on the second day was 46.1±2.8ml in the ANH group and 42.7±2.9ml in the control group. Although it was somewhat higher, it was not statistically significant. Of all samples 45% were female and 55% were male. The most common type of blood group was 33 (33%) in the blood group O. The highest age group (61%) was over the 60 years old. The pump time varied with an average of 122.2±21.5minutes. The lowest value was PT 11 and the highest was 15 with an average of 13.02±0.9seconds. The mean of PTT was 32.5±2.6seconds and the mean INR was 1.1±1.0. The average plt was 251170±64124. The mean ACT was 596 / 6±183/7seconds.Conclusions: The results showed that in the mean of bleeding volume between the intervention and control groups (p = 0.41), bleeding volume by age (p = 0.3), bleeding volume by gender (p =0.54) and bleeding volume by blood group (p=0.48) was not significant difference. Based on these results, it is suggested that more studies be done on the more number of samples.

scholarly journals IVF outcomes after hysteroscopic metroplasty in patients with T- shaped uterus

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Uyar ◽  
Deniz Usal ◽  
Belgin Selam ◽  
Mehmet Cincik ◽  
Tayfun Bagis
Keyword(s):  
Unexplained Infertility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reproductive Outcomes ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Ivf Outcomes ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background T- shaped uterus may be associated with infertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hysteroscopic metroplasty may improve the reproductivity for these cases. To our knowledge, there is no data in literature about the clinical consequences of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in patients undergoing hysteroscopic metroplasty for T-shaped uterus. The principal objective of the current study is to assess the impact of hysteroscopic metroplasty for T-shaped uterus on the reproductive outcomes of IVF. Methods IVF outcomes of 74 patients who underwent hysteroscopic metroplasty for T- shaped uterus and 148 patients without any uterine abnormalities and with diagnosis of unexplained infertility (control group) were retrospectively analyzed. Results Patients in metroplasty and control groups were comparable with respect to age, BMI, partner’s age and duration of infertility. Number of patients with a history of pregnancy beyond 20 weeks of gestation was significantly lower in the metroplasty group (4.1% vs 18.2%; p < 0.05). Number of previous unsuccessful cycles and percentage of patients with ≥3 unsuccessful IVF cycles (35.1% vs 17.6%; p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the metroplasty group. There were no significant differences in the reproductive outcomes such as the pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy or live birth rate between the metroplasty and control groups. There were non-significant trends for higher rates of miscarriage (18.8% vs 8%, p > 0.05) and biochemical pregnancy (20.0% vs 10.7%, p > 0.05) in the metroplasty group compared to the control group. Conclusions Reproductive results of the IVF cycles after hysteroscopic correction of T-shaped uterus were comparable to those of the patients without any uterine abnormalities and with diagnosis of unexplained infertility. Hysteroscopic metroplasty may contribute to improved IVF outcomes in patients with T-shaped uterus.

MMP-3-1612 polymorphism - a risk factor for deep venous thrombosis formation

VASA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
La-Mei Yu ◽  
Nai-Xuan Li ◽  
Yu-Guo Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control

Abstract. Background: We investigated the association of the 5A/6A polymorphism in the promoter region at -1612 of the matrix metalloproteinase-3 gene (MMP-3-1612) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Patients, materials and methods: The distribution of the MMP-3 (-1612 5A/6A) polymorphism in the case and control groups was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Serum MMP-3 level of two groups was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HepG2 cells containing MMP-3-1612 recombinant plasmid were cultured in vitro and the MMP-3 level was defined by luminescence intensity of luciferase. A DVT rat model was built. Serum MMP-3 level in the rats’ wounded vein at different time points was detected by ELISA and recorded for investigation of the association between MMP-3 and DVT. Statistical data analysis was conducted with SPSS18.0. Results: On the basis of the observation of MMP-3-1612 genotype frequency and allele frequency in the case and control groups, we identified significantly higher MMP-3-1612 5A allele frequency and higher serum MMP-3 level in the case group than in the control group (both P < 0.05). According to in vitro luciferase measurements, the 5A allele had higher transcriptional activity than the 6A allele. As observed in the rat model, serum MMP-3 level increased with time passing and thrombosis formation after modelling. Conclusions: The MMP-3-1612 5A/6A polymorphism may effect serum MMP-3 level and over-expression of serum MMP-3 level may be a risk factor for DVT formation.

Tumor Protein p53 (TP53) Gene and Left Main Coronary Artery Disease

Angiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 730-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vana Kolovou ◽  
Angelos Tsipis ◽  
Constantinos Mihas ◽  
Niki Katsiki ◽  
Vasiliki Vartela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Tp53 Gene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Main ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
And Control

Patients with left main (LM) coronary artery disease (CAD) are at the highest risk of cardiovascular events. We evaluated possible gene polymorphisms of tumor protein 53 ( TP53, rs1042522, p.Arg72Pro) that can differentiate LM-CAD from patients with more peripheral CAD (MP-CAD) and healthy participants (control group) in 520 individuals (LM-CAD, n = 175; MP-CAD, n = 185; and control group, n = 160). Patients with LM-CAD had the lowest Arg/Arg genotype frequency (36.0%) compared with the MP-CAD (57.3%) and control groups (61.9%), P < .001 for both comparisons. Similarly, the Arg allele was more frequent in the control group than in patients with MP-CAD (78.8% vs 73.2%; P = .007) and LM-CAD (78.8% vs 64.0%; P < .001). The Arg/Pro genotype was more frequent in the LM-CAD group compared with the MP-CAD and control groups (56.0, 31.9, and 33.8, respectively, P < .001 for both comparisons). Furthermore, the frequency of Arg/Arg genotypes was the lowest in the LM-CAD group compared with the MP-CAD and control groups. Knowing that TP53 is an antioncogene protein that acts as a tumor suppressor and regulator of apoptosis, the lowest frequency of Arg/Arg genotype observed in these high-risk patients may indicate lower protection from the atherosclerosis process. Replication studies are needed to evaluate this association.

scholarly journals Comparing the Effects of Gamification and Teach-Back Training Methods on Adherence to a Therapeutic Regimen in Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: Randomized Clinical Trial (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banafsheh Ghorbani ◽  
Alun C Jackson ◽  
Mohammad Noorchenarboo ◽  
Mohammad H Mandegar ◽  
Farshad Sharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Therapeutic Regimen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Artery Bypass Graft ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABGS) may fail to adhere to their treatment regimen for many reasons. Among these, one of the most important reasons for nonadherence is the inadequate training of such patients or training using inappropriate methods. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the effect of gamification and teach-back training methods on adherence to a therapeutic regimen in patients after CABGS. METHODS This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 123 patients undergoing CABGS in Tehran, Iran, in 2019. Training was provided to the teach-back group individually. In the gamification group, an app developed for the purpose was installed on each patient’s smartphone, with training given via this device. The control group received usual care, or routine training. Adherence to the therapeutic regimen was assessed using a questionnaire on adherence to a therapeutic regimen (physical activity and dietary regimen) and an adherence scale as a pretest and a 1-month posttest. RESULTS One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for comparing the mean scores of teach-back and gamification training methods showed that the mean normalized scores for the dietary regimen (<i>P</i>&lt;.001, <i>F</i>=71.80), movement regimen (<i>P</i>&lt;.001, <i>F</i>=124.53), and medication regimen (<i>P</i>&lt;.001, <i>F</i>=9.66) before and after intervention were significantly different between the teach-back, gamification, and control groups. In addition, the results of the Dunnett test showed that the teach-back and gamification groups were significantly different from the control group in all three treatment regimen methods. There was no statistically significant difference in adherence to the therapeutic regimen between the teach-back and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this study, the use of teach-back and gamification training approaches may be suggested for patients after CABGS to facilitate adherence to the therapeutic regimen. CLINICALTRIAL Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20111203008286N8; https://en.irct.ir/trial/41507

scholarly journals The effect of eucalyptus vapor on cough after coronary artery bypass surgery

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Zare ◽  
Masoumeh Bagheri-Nesami ◽  
Hedayat Jafari ◽  
Jamshid Yazdani-Charati ◽  
Valiollah Habibi
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Tracheal Extubation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Interventional Group

Cough is postoperative complication following endotracheal intubation as well as inflammation of the pharynx, larynx and trachea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eucalyptus vapor on cough after tracheal extubation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). In this randomized controlled trial, 100 patients undergoing CABG were randomly divided into two groups by accessible sampling. Before the intervention and after tracheal extubation, demographic and clinical data, as well as data on cough by a scoring system were collected from interventional and control groups. The patients in the interventional group after tracheal extubation were exposed to eucalyptus vapor for about 10 min. This treatment was performed at 1 and 12 h after extubation. The severity of cough was recorded in both interventional and control groups at 0, 1, 6, 12 and 24 h after extubation. The present study showed that the severity of cough after extubation in the patients undergoing CABG in the interventional group had no significant difference at the times of immediate to 24 hours after extubation. Risk of cough had respectively 9.5% increase in the control group as compared to the interventional group.

148 MICE BLASTOCYST RECONSTRUCTION BY AGGREGATION OF INNER CELL MASS WITH TROPHECTODERM

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
I. P. Emanuelli ◽  
C. P. Godoi ◽  
M. P. M. Mancini ◽  
C. M. Barros ◽  
M. F. G. Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Present Model ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Trophectoderm Cells ◽  
And Control

In order to reduce fetal losses of bovine clones the replacement of trophectoderm (TE) by microinjection of immunosurgically isolated inner cell mass (ICM) was proposed. It was reported that those techniques could damage both ICM and TE. An alternative to decrease this problem would be the technique of cell aggregation by approximation. Currently it has been used only in pre-compaction embryos. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness to aggregate post-compaction embryos and to verify the feasibility of reconstructed blastocysts production by ICM and TE approximation. Mice (Swiss Webster, SW; and C57BL/6/EGFP, EGFP) were superovulated to obtain embryos 2.5 to 3.5 days post-coitus. In both control groups (CG; exp. 1 and 2), whole embryos from 8 cells to early morula stages and without zona pellucida were aggregated. In all experiments, bisection was performed with a blade controlled by micromanipulator to produce two fragments according to the requirements of each experiment (i.e. demi embryos in Exp. 1 and Exp. 2 or TE fragment and whole ICM in Exp. 3). The joined fragments were in vitro cultured in microwell (300 µm diameter and based on well of the well system) filled with 400 µL of KSOMaa, covered with mineral oil by 24 h (incubation 37°C, 5% of CO2 and saturated humidity). Embryonic aggregation rate (AR) was evaluated by detection of a single and cohesive cell mass (CG from Exp. 1 and Exp. 2) or by the presence of a typical morphologically blastocyst (all the remaining groups). Only to validate AR evaluation, 25% of the aggregation attempts were performed with distinct phenotype embryos (EGFP and SW) and they could be tracked under epifluorescence. In Exp. 1, the aggregation by approximation was tested to evaluate embryonic stages: 2 demi-blastocysts (2DB; n = 28), demi-morula and demi-blastocyst (DMDB; n = 20) and control group (CG; n = 25). In Exp. 2, an adhesive agent (phytohemagglutinin; PHA) and fragment increasing were used in the groups: 2DB (n = 24), 4 demi-blastocysts (4DB, that is four half-blastocyst) and CG (n = 22). After aggregation validation (Exp. 1 and Exp. 2), blastocyst reconstruction by the approximation of ICM and TE fragments (with PHA presence) was tested on groups: 1 TE fragment and 1 ICM (TI; n = 48) and 2 TE fragments and 1 ICM (2T1I; n = 17). The rates were analyzed by chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests (significance of 5%). In experiments 1 (3.6; 15.0; and 60.0%, respectively to 2DB, DMDB, and CG) and 2 (8.3; 36.4; and 77.3%, respectively to 2DB, 4DB, and CG), the AR differed among groups with exception of 2DB and DMDB (exp. 1; P > 0.05). In Exp. 3, there was no difference on the AR between TI and 2T1I (27.1 and 29.4%, respectively). Despite the low adhesion potential of the trophectoderm cells, is feasible to produce chimeric embryos by aggregation. We infer that the use of an adhesive agent could increase AR maintaining the contact of the embryonic fragments. The proposed technique was practical and effective for blastocyst reconstruction. Additionally, the present model established in mice is about to be tested in cattle for further validation. Financial support: FAPESP.

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