High-density lipoprotein composition and paraoxonase activity in Type I diabetes

2001 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan VALABHJI ◽  
Avril J. McCOLL ◽  
Michael SCHACHTER ◽  
Surinder DHANJIL ◽  
William RICHMOND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Type I ◽  
Carotid Imt

Type I diabetes is associated with a high incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), despite a normal or even increased concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. This paradox may be explained by changes in the antioxidant capacity of HDL, related to paraoxonase (PON1) activity. HDL compositional changes in subjects with Type I diabetes may result in changes in PON1 activity that are associated with a higher incidence of CHD. Single-vertical-spin density-gradient ultracentrifugation was used to isolate seven HDL fractions from serum according to density. PON1 activity was measured in serum and in the HDL fractions using phenyl acetate as substrate. The mean recovery of PON1 activity in the HDL fractions was 87% (S.D. 12%). CHD risk was assessed using B-mode ultrasound to measure carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT). Groups of 35 subjects with Type I diabetes {duration of diabetes 18 years (12-32 years) [median (interquartile range)]; glycated haemoglobin 7.67% (1.17%)} and 24 non-diabetic control subjects were studied. Carotid IMT was greater in the diabetic subjects [0.60 (0.55-0.70) compared with 0.55 (0.45-0.64) mm; P = 0.042] and HDL cholesterol concentration was higher [1.53 (0.36) compared with 1.32(0.34)mmol/l; P = 0.031]. There were qualitative differences in HDL in subjects with Type I diabetes: HDL particles were triacylglycerol-deplete, and there were greater numbers of the larger, more buoyant HDL particles. These properties were not those found to determine PON1 activity. PON1 activity increased as HDL particle density increased and particle size decreased; the increase in PON1 activity was associated with an increase in the ratio of the two HDL surface lipid components, phospholipid and unesterified cholesterol, as particle density increased. PON1 activity was similar in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects [121 (28) and 120 (36)μmolċmin-1ċml-1 respectively; P = 0.887]. PON1 activity was not associated with carotid IMT in either group. Our results suggest that the PON1 activities of HDL particles relate to the density, size and composition of the particles. However, PON1 activity does not appear to contribute to the greater risk of CHD in subjects with Type I diabetes.

High-density lipoprotein composition and paraoxonase activity in Type I diabetes

2001 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan VALABHJI ◽  
Avril J. McCOLL ◽  
Michael SCHACHTER ◽  
Surinder DHANJIL ◽  
William RICHMOND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Type I ◽  
Paraoxonase Activity ◽  
Lipoprotein Composition

scholarly journals Pengaruh suplementasi serat Psyllium husk dan diet rendah kalori seimbang terhadap berat badan, kadar kolesterol high-density lipoprotein, dan trigliserida serum pada obes I

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Irnawaty Rasyid ◽  
Rachmad Soegih ◽  
Dante Saksono Harbuwono
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Soluble Fiber ◽  
Psyllium Husk ◽  
Insignificant Difference

Background: The increased prevalence of obesity will bring a great impact in the health sector, due to the effect of the influence of organ in the body such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Reduced energy diet and exercise are effective for management weight loss. During the restriction diet, an obese person should increase the amount of dietary fiber up to 20−35 g/day, specifically of soluble fiber, to more effective fat loss and improve serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) cholesterol concentration. Psyllium husk (PH) is a source of natural soluble fiber obtained from Plantago ovate Forssk seed.Objective: The aim of the study have investigated the change of body weight, serum HDL cholesterol, and TG concentration in obese I after supplemented PH 8.4 g/day and balanced deficit calories diet (BDCD) for 4 weeks.Method: The survey used double-blind randomized clinical trial with parallel design. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups; treatment (T) group and placebo (P) group. The T subjects received psyllium husk (PH) 8.4 g/day and BDCD 1200 kcal/day and the P subjects received placebo and BDCD 1200 kcal/day. The analyzed used independent t-test and Mann-Whitney.Results: A total 28 subjects (14 subjects in each group) had completed the intervention. There were no serious adverse effects reported during the intervention. Intake of dietary fiber in T group was 17.2 ± 2.8 g/day had significantly higher than P group 8.6 (5.2−15.2) g/day, although supplemented with PH didn’t meet the recommendation of fiber intake (20-35 g/day). Decrease of body weight was -1,8 ± 0,8 kg and triglyceride level was -1,5 (-416−77) in T group that statistically insignificant difference (p=0,39 and p=0,84) with P group -1,6 ± 0,9 kg and -10,0 ± 31,3. Soluble supplementation (P group) increased serum HDL cholesterol concentration was 0,0 ± 4,3 mg/dL that statistically insignificant difference (p=0,86) with T group -0,4 ± 5,9.Conclusion: PH supplementation 8.4 g/day and BDCD 1200 kcal/day in obese I can not reduce body weight, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride concentration level in 4 weeks.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Three Methods of Measuring Serum High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Diabetics and Non-Diabetics

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul N Durrington
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Small Magnitude ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Serum High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was measured in non-diabetic and diabetic men and women by ultracentrifugation, heparin-manganese chloride precipitation (heparin/Mn++), and sodium phosphotungstate-magnesium chloride precipitation (PT/Mg++). Results of the three methods were closely correlated in both diabetics and non-diabetics. Concentrations were, however, generally lowest by PT/Mg++, intermediate by ultracentrifugation, and highest by heparin/Mn++. These differences were of small magnitude except in the case of diabetic patients treated with insulin. In these patients, serum HDL cholesterol levels were significantly greater than those of non-diabetic patients when measured by heparin/Mn++ and ultracentrifugation, but not by PT/Mg++ This was explained by the finding that the discrepancy between PT/Mg++ and ultracentrifugation increased with increasing HDL cholesterol concentration

Association between the cholesteryl ester transfer protein TaqI-detectable B polymorphism and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration in Saudis

2003 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nassr M. AL-DAGHRI ◽  
Omer AL-ATTAS ◽  
Ashok PATEL ◽  
Nikolai D. BELYAEV ◽  
William A. BARTLETT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Plasma concentrations of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol are low in the Saudi Arabian population. A B polymorphism at the CETP (cholesteryl ester protein transfer) locus that is detectable with the restriction enzyme TaqI is a genetic determinant of the plasma HDL cholesterol concentration. We assessed the relationship between the TaqI B CETP polymorphism and lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations in a study sample of 335 Saudi residents. The TaqI B1 and B2 allele frequencies were 0.54 and 0.46 respectively, similar to those in other populations. HDL cholesterol levels in B2B2 homozygotes were significantly higher than in B1B1 homozygotes [1.01 (0.3) compared with 0.92 (0.2) mmol/l; mean (S.D.); P=0.03]. There was also a significant difference between the B2B2 and B1B1 homozygotes with regard to apolipoprotein AI concentration [123.6 (16.4) compared with 113.7 (13.9) mg/dl; P=0.04]. This genetic variation was independent of metabolic risk factors known to influence HDL cholesterol levels. The allele frequency of the TaqI B CETP polymorphism and its relatively modest impact on HDL cholesterol concentrations argue against an important role for this allele, or for strongly linked loci, in determining the low levels of HDL cholesterol seen in the Saudi population.

Use of a dual-precipitation procedure for measuring high-density lipoprotein 3 (HDL3) in normolipidemic serum.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1390-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
T A Cloey ◽  
P S Bachorik
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Precipitation Procedure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hdl2 Cholesterol

Abstract We compared results by a dual-precipitation method (J Lipid Res 1982;23:1206-23) for measuring high-density lipoprotein 3 (HDL3) cholesterol with those by ultracentrifugation at d 1.125, using 56 fresh and 105 frozen-stored serum samples. For both methods, HDL2-cholesterol was calculated as the difference between total HDL-cholesterol and HDL3-cholesterol. In general, for pooled serum samples, agreement was closest with ultracentrifugation when we used a dextran sulfate concentration of 5.0 mg/L to precipitate the HDL2-rich fraction, although the optimal concentration varied from 3.0 to 6.8 mg/L for different pools. For individual samples, the values for HDL3 by dual precipitation averaged 12.8% lower than by ultracentrifugation. The coefficients of correlation between the two methods were HDL3, r = 0.70; and HDL2, r = 0.92. The dual-precipitation method reflected the expected sex-related differences in HDL2-cholesterol concentration and inverse relationship with triglyceride concentration.

The Effect of Insulin Delivery Route on Lipoproteins in Type I Diabetic Patients on CAPD

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasi I. Nevalainen ◽  
Jorma T. Lahtela ◽  
Jukka Mustonen ◽  
Marja-Riitta Taskinen ◽  
Amos Pasternack
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Subcutaneous Insulin ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio

Objective To evaluate the influence of subcutaneous and intraperitoneal (IP) insulin on plasma lipoproteins in type I diabetic (IDDM) patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRD) treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Design A before–after trial. Setting University hospital outpatient care. Participants Eleven IDDM patients with stabilized peritoneal dialysis, age 42.9 ± 2.9 (SEM) years and duration of diabetes 31.4 ± 3.4 years. Intervention Two treatment periods during stabilized CAPD. All patients were first treated with subcutaneous and then with IP insulin. The studies were performed after a median time of 3 months on each treatment. Main Outcome Measures Plasma lipids; apoproteins (Apo) A-I, A-II, and B; high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions; glycemic status; and uremic status. Results After changing from subcutaneous insulin to IP insulin, plasma HDL cholesterol decreased (from 1.29 ± 0.13 mmol/L to 0.96 ± 0.06 mmol/L, p < 0.05), and the low density to high density lipoprotein (LDL/HDL) cholesterol ratio increased ( p < 0.05). The HDL cholesterol decreased in both HDL2 and HDL3 fractions, but significantly so only in HDL3 ( p < 0.01). ApoA-I ( p < 0.05) decreased while the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio ( p < 0.01) and the ApoA-I/HDL-cholesterol ratio ( p < 0.01) increased during IP insulin therapy. Intraperitoneal insulin resulted in significantly better glycemic control than subcutaneous insulin ( p < 0.01). Conclusions In diabetic patients on CAPD therapy, IP insulin, although inducing better glycemic control than subcutaneous insulin, was associated with lowered plasma HDL cholesterol and ApoA-I levels. The atherogenic potential is probably less than expected as the relative particle size of HDL remained unchanged.

scholarly journals High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and Atherosclerosis in Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiological Aspects and Pharmacological Perspectives

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Maria Pia Adorni ◽  
Nicoletta Ronda ◽  
Franco Bernini ◽  
Francesca Zimetti
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux Capacity

Over the years, the relationship between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and atherosclerosis, initially highlighted by the Framingham study, has been revealed to be extremely complex, due to the multiple HDL functions involved in atheroprotection. Among them, HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), the ability of HDL to promote cell cholesterol efflux from cells, has emerged as a better predictor of cardiovascular (CV) risk compared to merely plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. HDL CEC is impaired in many genetic and pathological conditions associated to high CV risk such as dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, endocrine disorders, etc. The present review describes the current knowledge on HDL CEC modifications in these conditions, focusing on the most recent human studies and on genetic and pathophysiologic aspects. In addition, the most relevant strategies possibly modulating HDL CEC, including lifestyle modifications, as well as nutraceutical and pharmacological interventions, will be discussed. The objective of this review is to help understanding whether, from the current evidence, HDL CEC may be considered as a valid biomarker of CV risk and a potential pharmacological target for novel therapeutic approaches.

Performance of commercially-available cholesterol self-tests

2021 ◽  
pp. 000456322199239
Author(s):  
Steef Kurstjens ◽  
Eugenie Gemen ◽  
Selina Walk ◽  
Tjin Njo ◽  
Johannes Krabbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Lipid Panel ◽  
Better Regulation

Background Hypercholesterolemia (plasma cholesterol concentration ≥5.2 mmol/L) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Many different cholesterol self-tests are readily available at general stores, pharmacies and web shops. However, there is limited information on their analytical and diagnostic performance. Methods We included 62 adult patients who required a lipid panel measurement (cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides and LDLcalc) for routine care. The performance of five different cholesterol self-tests, three quantitative meters ( Roche Accutrend Plus, Mission 3-in-1 and Qucare) and two semi-quantitative strip tests ( Veroval and Mylan MyTest), was assessed according to the manufacturers’ protocol. Results The average plasma cholesterol concentration was 5.2 ± 1.2 mmol/L. The mean absolute relative difference (MARD) of the five cholesterol self-tests ranged from 6 ± 5% ( Accutrend Plus) to 20 ± 12% ( Mylan Mytest). The Accutrend Plus cholesterol meter showed the best diagnostic performance with a 92% sensitivity and 89% specificity. The Qucare and Mission 3-in-1 are able to measure HDL concentrations and can thus provide a cholesterol:HDL ratio. The Passing-Bablok regression analyses for the ratio showed poor performance in both self-tests ( Mission 3-in-1: y = 1.62x–1.20; Qucare: y = 0.61x + 1.75). The Accutrend Plus is unable to measure the plasma high-density lipoprotein concentration. Conclusions/interpretation: The Accutrend Plus cholesterol meter (Roche) had excellent diagnostic and analytic performance. However, several of the commercially-available self-tests had considerably poor accuracy and diagnostic performance and therefore do not meet the required qualifications, potentially leading to erroneous results. Better regulation, standardization and harmonization of cholesterol self-tests is warranted.

scholarly journals Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I in the Rat Ovary: Possible Role in High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Uptake and in the Recognition of Apoptotic Granulosa Cells*

Endocrinology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 2494-2500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per-Arne Svensson ◽  
Magnus S. C. Johnson ◽  
Charlotte Ling ◽  
Lena M. S. Carlsson ◽  
Håkan Billig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Scavenger Receptor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Type I ◽  
Anionic Phospholipids ◽  
Thecal Cells

Abstract Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) mediates the selective uptake of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. SR-BI is expressed at high levels in the ovary, indicating that it plays a role in the delivery of cholesterol as substrate for steroid hormone production. However, SR-BI also binds anionic phospholipids with high affinity and could therefore be involved in the recognition of apoptotic cells. In this study we have characterized the expression of SR-BI in rat ovarian follicles undergoing atresia. Atretic follicles with cells undergoing apoptosis were identified by in situ DNA end labeling, and SR-BI expression was determined by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. SR-BI was expressed in thecal cells at all stages of follicular development, including atretic follicles, and in corpus luteum. Isolated apoptotic granulosa cells (but not viable granulosa cells) bound annexin V, indicating that they display anionic phospholipids on the cell surface. Transfection of COS-7 cells with an expression vector carrying the rat SR-BI complementary DNA resulted in increased binding to apoptotic granulosa cells (46 ± 2% of the SR-BI-expressing cells bound at least one granulosa cell compared with 24 ± 3% for the mock-transfected cells; P &lt; 0.0001), whereas the binding to viable granulosa cells was unchanged. Apoptotic granulosa cells also bound to isolated thecal shells. We conclude that thecal cells of both nonatretic and atretic follicles express SR-BI. The location of SR-BI expression in the ovary supports a role of this receptor in the uptake of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. In addition, our data suggest that SR-BI mediates the recognition of apoptotic granulosa cells by the surrounding thecal cells and that it therefore may play a role in the remodeling of atretic follicles to secondary interstitial cells.

scholarly journals Is There Any Association Between Uric Acid to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Erectile Dysfunction?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilay Karabulut ◽  
Mustafa Gürkan Yenice
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Group 3

Objective: Elevated uric acid (UA) and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are associated with cardiovascular events and mortality. Erectile dysfunction (ED) has been considered an early marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the uric acid/ HDL ratio (UHR) as a nowel marker in patients with ED. Materials and Methods: The study included 147 patients with a mean age of 50 years (range 32-76 years). Retrospective analyses were performed on the patients who were admitted to urology outpatient clinics. The laboratory parameter results were retrieved from the hospital medical records, and the UHR value was calculated. Patients were categorized into three groups according to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score. UHR was compared between groups, and its predictive value was evaluated using regression analysis and ROC curve analysis. Results: Age was found to be significantly different in all three groups (Groups 1-2, p=0.001; Groups 1-3, p=0.000; Groups 2-3, p=0.001). It was observed that the degree of ED increased with age. The values of UA and HDL were similar in all groups (p>0.05). In contrast, the UHR value was statistically significantly higher 0.15 (0.083-0.288, p =0.047) in the moderate-severe ED (Group 3). ROC curve analyses revealed that UHR predicted severe ED (IIEF 5-11) with 42.9% sensitivity and 87.3% specificity (AUC:0.66, CI 95% 0.538-0.781, p=0.019). Conclusion: UHR may serve as a severe ED indicator in patients admitted to the cardiology outpatient clinic since it has a significant association with a low IIEF score.

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