Genetics of a multifactorial disease: Autoimmune type I diabetes mellitus

1993 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard John Cornall
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Genome ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Mouse ◽  
Type I ◽  
Multifactorial Disease ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
Major Histocompatability Complex ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

1. Three non-major histocompatability complex genes, Idd-3, Idd-4 and Idd-5, that influence the onset of autoimmune type 1 diabetes in the non-obese diabetic mouse have been located on chromosomes 3, 11 and 1. 2. In undertaking this study, a new map of the mouse genome has been created from polymerase chain reaction-analysable mouse microsatellite markers. 3. The homologues of these genes may reside on human chromosomes 1 or 4 (Idd-3), 17 (Idd-4) and 2q (Idd-5).

Antidiabetic effect of Psychotria malayana Jack in induced type 1 diabetic rat

MEDISAINS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Fairuz Fairuz ◽  
Hasna Dewi ◽  
Humaryanto Humaryanto
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Langerhans Cell ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Type I ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Background: Therapies for hyperglycemic treatment, including insulin and oral diabetes medications, have been confirmed to cause several side effects. Thus, finding new drugs with fewer side effects is of high importance. Salung leaf herb (Psychotria malayana Jack) reported used in traditional societies as a treatment for diabetes. However, the scientific proof of this plant for diabetes treatment is still lacking.Objective: To evaluate the antidiabetic effect of the P. malayana jack in induced type 1 diabetic rats by assessing blood glucose level and pancreatic cells in white rats.Methods: Alloxan used to induce type I diabetes. Rats randomly divided into six groups. A Group P1 received 250 mg/kg BW; group P2 received 500 mg/kg BW, group P3 received 1000 mg/kg BW. While group 4 basal received no treatment, group 5 received distilled water as a negative control, and group 6 received glibenclamide as a positive control. Medications are given for six days. Glucose levels were measured, and observation of pancreatic Langerhans cell damages.Results:  A decrease in blood glucose levels observed in all treatment groups. The most significant reduction (49.76%; 1000 mg/kg BW) occurred in the P3 group. Morphological features of pancreatic Langerhans cell damage were slightly high in the P1 group.Conclusion: P. malayana Jack can consider having an antidiabetic effect in a type 1 diabetic rat by reducing blood glucose levels.

scholarly journals Refractory pemphigus vulgaris associated with herpes infection: case report and review

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luiza Figueiredo Braga Brandão ◽  
Nurimar C. Fernandes ◽  
Danielle Pereira De Oliveira Batista ◽  
Norma Santos
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Triggering Factor ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hsv 1

BACKGROUND: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune disease characterized by blistering of the skin and mucosa, which develops due to the interaction between predisposing genetic and environmental factors. Infections caused by members of the Herpesviridae family have been suggested as a possible triggering factor for PV. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: In this report, we investigate the presence of herpesviruses in refractory lesions on the right upper eyelid. The lesion has persisted despite the treatment with corticosteroids. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequence analysis have been used to detect the DNA of HSV 1/2, VZV, EBV, CMV, HHV-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8. RESULTS: The sample collected from the right upper eyelid has tested positive for HSV 1/2. Sequence analysis has confirmed the PCR results and allowed the identification of the HSV strain as belonging to type 1. After treatment with acyclovir, the lesion of the right upper eyelid has cleared and not relapsed. CONCLUSION: When patients present PV lesions which are refractory to corticosteroid therapy, herpetic infection should be considered.

Simultaneous detection of astrovirus, rotavirus, reovirus and adenovirus type I in broiler chicken flocks

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Roussan ◽  
I. Shaheen ◽  
G. Khawaldeh ◽  
W. Totanji ◽  
R. Al-Rifai
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Adenovirus Type ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Type I ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Group I ◽  
Avian Nephritis Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Simultaneous detection of astrovirus, rotavirus, reovirus and adenovirus type I in broiler chicken flocksEnteric diseases cause substantial economic losses to the poultry industry. Astroviruses, rotaviruses, reoviruses, and adenovirus type 1 have been reported as a significant cause of intestinal symptoms in poultry. In the present study, intestinal samples from 70 commercial broiler chicken flocks were examined for the presence of astroviruses, rotavirus, and reovirus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and for the presence of group I adenovirus by polymerase chain reaction. Astroviruses were identified in 38.6% of samples tested. Both avian nephritis virus and chicken astrovirus were identified in the astrovirus positive flocks, where 74.1% of these flocks were positive for only one type of astrovirus, whereas, 25.9% of these flocks were positive for both types of astrovirus. Reoviruses, rotaviruses, and adenoviruses were identified in 21.4, 18.6, and 14.3% of these flocks, respectively. Concomitant infection with two or more viruses in the same flock were also prominent, where 5.7, 5.7, 2.9, 2.9, 1.4, and 1.4% of these flocks were positive with both astrovirus and rotavirus; astrovirus and adenovirus; astrovirus and reovirus; rotavirus and adenovirus; rotavirus and reovirus; and reovirus and adenovirus respectively. Moreover, 4.3 and 2.7% of these flocks were positive for astrovirus, reovirus, and adenovirus; and astrovirus, reovirus, and rotavirus, respectively. Further studies will focus on identifying specific viral factors or subtypes/subgroups associated with disease through pathogenesis studies, economic losses caused by infections and co-infections of these pathogens, and the costs and benefits of countermeasures.

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