Accumulation of calcium by normal and dystrophin-deficient mouse muscle during contractile activity in vitro

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. McArdle ◽  
R. H. T. Edwards ◽  
M. J. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Calcium Flux ◽  
Mouse Muscle ◽  
Control Muscle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Muscle Calcium ◽  
Total Muscle

1. Accumulation of calcium by extensor digitorum longus muscles from dystrophin-deficient mdx and control C57BL/10 mice has been studied in vitro by measurements of total muscle calcium and by following the retention of 45Ca resulting from the incubation of muscles with the isotope for up to 2 h. 2. The rate of influx of calcium, calculated from the retention of 45Ca, was linear over 2 h in muscles at rest with no significant difference between mdx and control muscles. 3. Repetitive tetanic stimuli caused a substantial increase in 45Ca flux into both mdx and control muscles. This elevated rate of influx was maintained by control muscle, but not by mdx muscle after stimulation resulting in a significantly smaller total calcium flux into mdx muscle compared with control muscle by 1 h after stimulation. Similar changes were also seen in the total muscle calcium content of mdx and control muscles. Comparison of these results with those for loss of cytosolic creatine kinase previously reported (McArdle, A., Edwards, R.H.T. & Jackson, M.J. Clin. Sci. 1991; 80, 367-71) [1] indicate that control and dystrophin-deficient muscles release equivalent amounts of intracellular creatine kinase in response to the same accumulation of intracellular calcium. 4. These results therefore do not support the hypotheses that dystrophin deficiency in muscle leads to increased calcium influx during contractile activity, or that dystrophin-deficient muscle shows any inherent increased permeability to cytosolic proteins.

scholarly journals Regenerated soleus muscle shows reduced creatine kinase efflux after contractile activity in vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juozas Baltusnikas ◽  
Audrius Kilikevicius ◽  
Tomas Venckunas ◽  
Andrej Fokin ◽  
Arimantas Lionikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Muscle Exercise ◽  
Muscle Creatine Kinase ◽  
Contraction Times ◽  
Muscle Creatine ◽  
And Control

Regenerated skeletal muscles show less muscle damage after strenuous muscle exercise. The aim of the studies was to investigate if the regeneration is associated with reduced muscle creatine kinase (CK) efflux immediately after the exercise. Cryolesion was applied to the soleus muscle of 3-month-old C57BL/6J male mice. Then total CK efflux was assessed in vitro in the regenerated muscles without exercise or after 100 eccentric contractions. The same measurements were performed in the control muscles, which were not exposed to cryolesion. Regenerated muscles generated weaker (P < 0.05) twitches, but stronger (P < 0.05) 150-Hz and 300-Hz tetani with prolonged (P < 0.01) contraction times compared with the control muscles. There was no difference between regenerated and control muscles in the total CK efflux without exercise, but only control muscles showed an increase (P < 0.001) in the CK efflux after the exercise. Our results suggest that muscle regeneration is associated with modulation of contractile properties and improvement in muscle resistance to damage after eccentric exercise.

In vitro biomechanical comparison of load to failure testing of a canine unconstrained medial compartment elbow arthroplasty system and normal canine thoracic limbs

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 356-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Wendelburg ◽  
S. Tepic ◽  
S. M. Stover ◽  
T. Garcia-Nolen ◽  
P. B. Stearns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Load ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Medial Compartment ◽  
Elbow Arthroplasty ◽  
Total Arthroplasty ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Load To Failure ◽  
And Control

SummaryElbow dysplasia, primarily affecting the medial compartment, is the most common cause of lameness in the thoracic limb. Elbow arthroplasty is an option for end stage or severely affected patients. The purpose of this study was to compare ex vivo axial load to failure of an implanted novel elbow arthroplasty system to control limbs. The partial arthroplasty is a medial compartmental, unconstrained system, intended to allow conversion to total arthroplasty. We hypothesized that there would not be any significant difference between implanted and controlled limbs when loaded to failure. Six pairs of medium mixed breed canine cadaveric thoracic limbs were prepared for comparison of failure loading of control and implanted limbs. Axial compression was performed using a mechanical testing system. Failure loads were normalized to bodyweight. The mean normalized failure load (N/kg) for the implanted limbs and control limbs were 2.47 (range: 1.62-3.38) and 2.68 (range: 2.25-3.25), respectively. An implanted to control ratio of 0.93 ± 0.19 was calculated. The difference between paired control and implanted limbs in normalized failure loading was not significant (p = 0.38). There were not any differences noted in the yield load (p = 0.30), stiffness (p = 0.62), or energy (0.58). Failure modes were recorded. We concluded that the differences between implanted and control limbs in supra-physiologic axial load to failure were not significant.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of collaborative infertility counseling (CIC) on pregnancy outcome in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization: A randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Rasoulzadeh Bidgoli ◽  
robab latifnejad roudsari ◽  
ali montazeri
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Infertility is an emotional tension which influences the whole aspects of relationships in infertile couples. A main objective of infertility treatments is elevation of pregnancy rate. The present study aimed to examine the effect of collaborative counseling on pregnancy rate in infertile women, undergoing in vitro fertilization in Mashhad, Iran. Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 women with primary infertility were selected from an infertility research center and were randomly allocated into intervention (n=29) and control (n=31) groups. The intervention group received individual counseling, based on the collaborative reproductive healthcare model with collaboration of a midwife, a gynecologist and a clinical psychologist in five sessions during a two-month period. The control group received routine care. Positive pregnancy test was considered as a criterion of treatment success at the end of the study. Data were analyzed using statistical tests including independent samples t-test. Results: There was no significant difference in pregnancy rate between intervention and control groups (P = 0.298). Also, there were no significant differences in follicle and embryo numbers between two groups. However, a significant difference was observed between two groups in terms of oocyte numbers where the intervention group had more oocyte (P = 0.014). Conclusion: Overall the findings indicated that the collaborative infertility counseling did not improve treatment success in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization

Correction formula for carbamylated haemoglobin in diabetic uraemic patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M A Hammouda ◽  
G E Mady
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Urea Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Correction Formula ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

The measurement of carbamylated haemoglobin is a useful indicator of uraemic state during the preceding few weeks in patients with renal failure. In diabetic uraemic patients with hyperglycaemia, glycation of haemoglobin may interfere with its carbamylation, as both reactions involve the free amino groups of the protein. The aim of this study was to investigate the carbamylation of haemoglobin in the presence of hyperglycaemia. The study included 29 patients with chronic renal failure on regular haemodialysis, 14 diabetic and 15 non-diabetic patients, and 10 healthy controls. We found a significant correlation between the degree of haemoglobin carbamylation and mean blood urea concentration in both uraemic and control subjects. Carbamylation of haemoglobin was higher in both diabetic and non-diabetic chronic renal failure patients, but there were no significant differences between the groups regarding mean blood urea concentration or level of haemoglobin carbamylation. Carbamylated haemoglobin per unit of blood urea concentration was lower in the diabetic patients. Using a correction formula to account for the degree of haemoglobin glycation, there was no longer a significant difference in carbamylation per unit of blood urea concentration. In vitro incubation of red blood cells from six healthy and six diabetic non-uraemic patients in 70mmol/L urea showed a significantly lower carbamylation in the diabetic patients, but there was no significant difference when using corrected carbamylated haemoglobin values. We conclude that glycation of haemoglobin affects its carbamylation and that monitoring of uraemia in a diabetic patient necessitates the use of carbamylated haemoglobin value corrected for the degree of glycation.

Effect of starvation on gonadotrophin secretion and on in vitro release of LRH from the isolated median eminence of the male rat

1983 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Warnhoff ◽  
Gunter Dorsch ◽  
Karl M. Pirke
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Gonadotrophin Secretion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
And Control ◽  
Vitro Release

Abstract. A perfusion system was developed in which isolated median eminences (ME) were stimulated in vitro by depolarizing agents such as potassium and veratridine. Potassium concentrations between 30 and 80 mm released increasing amounts of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) from the MEs of starved and control rats. Veratridine at a concentration of 50 μm caused a more prolonged LRH release in both starved and control animals. LRH secretion in vitro was slightly, though not under all conditions, significantly greater in rats starved for 5 days. The testosterone (T)-LH feedback was studied by castrating the animals and substituting various doses of T through implantation of T-releasing capsules of different sizes. The concentration in plasma, which can prevent the castration-induced much smaller in starved than in control rats. The in vitro release of LRH evoked by 80 mm potassium was not different for starved and fed rats under various feedback conditions. Both groups revealed decreased in vitro release of LRH when castrated animals were not substituted with T. The effect of castration was studied from 1 to 28 days. The plasma LH values rapidly increased in starved and control animals, indicating that the hypothalamic responsestration is not delayed by starvation. The release in vitro of LRH decreased from the first to the fifth day and remained constant thereafter. No significant difference between starved and fed rats was observed. The experiments indicate that the 'releasable pool' of LRH in vitro is greater under conditions of reduced LH release in vivo. The basic mechanism of depolarization-induced exocytosis of LRH from the ME is intact in starved animals.

scholarly journals In Vitro Screening Ketahanan Galur Padi (Oryza Sativa) B7 Hasil Rakitan Politeknik Negeri Lampung Terhadap Keracunan Besi (Fe)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Onny Chrisna Pandu Pradana ◽  
Siti Novridha Andini
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Iron Toxicity ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Culture Bottle ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

This research aimed to invstigate the response of paddy culture (B7 strain) assembled by Lampung State Polytechnic to the iron toxicity tolerance. The research was done at Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Lampung State Polytechnic, from July to September 2019. Treatments were single arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. The treatment tried was five levels of Fe concentrations (5,6 ppm 28 ppm, 56 ppm, 84 ppm, 112 ppm, and control). Each replication consisted of three culture bottle containing one explant. The homogenity of data was tested using Barlett test. If the assumption were fulfilled then analysis of variance is executed using STATISTIX 10, and then followed by the Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test in 5% alpha for mean separation and RPA analysis. The result of this research showed that the B7 strain has tolerance to iron toxicity until 56 ppm of Fe concentration, it can be concluded from the PAR value of its strain (>0,50). Meanwhile in  84 and 112 ppm of Fe concentration, the RPA value of B7 starin (<0,50), and it is indicate that its strain is sensitive. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimalarial Activity of Methanolic Root Extract of Myrica salicifolia A Rich (Myricaceae) Against Plasmodium berghei–Infected Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2515690X2092053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zemene Demelash Kifle ◽  
Getnet Mequanint Adinew ◽  
Mestayet Geta Mengistie ◽  
Abyot Endale Gurmu ◽  
Engidaw Fentahun Enyew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background. The management and control of malaria has become gradually challenging due to the spread of drug-resistant parasites, lack of effective vaccine, and the resistance of vector to insecticides. Consequently, novel agents are urgently needed from different sources including from medicinal plants. In Ethiopia and Uganda, Myrica salicifolia root is traditionally claimed for the treatment of malaria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo antimalarial activity of root crude extract of M salicifolia. Methods. The parasite, Plasmodium berghei was used in this study since it is an appropriate parasite that is most commonly used because of its higher accessibility. A 4-day suppressive test was employed to evaluate the antimalarial effect of crude extract against early infection. The curative and prophylactic effect of the crude extract was further tested by Rane’s test and residual infection procedure. Parasitemia, survival time, packed cell volume, body weight, and rectal temperature of mice were used as evaluation parameters. Windows SPSS version 24 was used to analyze the data and analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s honestly significant difference to compare results between groups. Results. The root crude extract of M salicifolia significantly ( P < .05-.0001) suppressed parasitemia. The crude extract exhibited a chemosuppression of 40.90. Conclusion. The development of new antimalarial agents and the finding supports the traditional claims and previous in vitro studies.

Release of creatine kinase and prostaglandin E2 from regenerating skeletal muscle fibers

1994 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 1274-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. McArdle ◽  
R. H. Edwards ◽  
M. J. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Extensor Digitorum Longus ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Calcium Ionophore ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
A 23187

To study the effect of regeneration on the release of creatine kinase (CK) and prostaglandin E2 from muscle, extensor digitorum longus muscles of mice were injected with 50 microliters of BaCl2 solution in saline (1.2% wt/vol). Injected muscles showed almost complete degeneration at 3 days postinjection but had regenerated to approximately the same fiber cross-sectional area as contralateral control muscles by 12 days postinjection. These muscles released reduced amounts of intracellular CK compared with contralateral control muscles in response to excessive isometric contractile activity or treatment with the calcium ionophore A-23187 (20 microM) in vitro. However, regenerating muscles contained a lower total CK activity than contralateral control muscles, which accounted for the reduced CK efflux after experimental damage. Regenerating muscles released an increased amount of prostaglandin E2 compared with control muscles after both damaging stimuli. We conclude that regenerated muscles show no reduced susceptibility to contraction-induced damage (as assessed by CK release) but show an elevated release of prostaglandin E2 in response to contractile activity or an increase in intracellular calcium.

scholarly journals Effect of Campath-1H antibody on human hematopoietic progenitors in vitro

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-812
Author(s):  
MH Gilleece ◽  
TM Dexter
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Human Complement ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitors ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

The humanized antibody CAMPATH-1H has been shown in pilot studies to be beneficial in the treatment of lymphoid malignancy and other lymphoproliferative diseases. The antigen recognized by this antibody is not confined to lymphoid cells, and work with rat antibodies of similar specificity has not eliminated the possibility of damage to human hematopoietic progenitors, particularly those capable of repopulating bone marrow and sustaining hematopoiesis. This study aimed to discover if hematopoietic progenitor cells were affected by treatment with CAMPATH-1H, with or without human complement. Bone marrow mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers were treated with saturating concentrations of CAMPATH-1H, human complement, or CAMPATH- 1H plus human complement. The CD34-positive fraction of the mononuclear cells was treated similarly. Residual progenitor activity was measured in the colony-forming unit-granulocyte, erythroid, monocyte, megakaryocyte assay and compared with untreated controls. There was no significant difference (at the 5% level) between treated and control cells. Mononuclear cells were divided into CAMPATH-1H-positive and CAMPATH-1H-negative fractions by fluorescein isothiocyanate-CAMPATH-1H labeling and fluorescence-activated cell sorter separation. Hematopoietic progenitors were predominantly found in the CAMPATH-1H- negative fraction. Furthermore, mononuclear cells treated with CAMPATH- 1H and complement were equivalent to controls in experiments that investigated the capacity of these cells to form hematopoietic foci in long-term cultures.

scholarly journals In vitro Interaction between Fumonisin B1 and the Intestinal Microflora of Pigs

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huu Anh Dang ◽  
Attila Zsolnai ◽  
Melinda Kovacs ◽  
István Bors ◽  
András Bónai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plate Count Agar ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
In Vitro Interaction

The caecal chyme of pigs was incubated anaerobically in McDougall buffer with and without fumonisin B1 (5 µg/ml) for 0, 24 and 48 h. The plate count agar technique was applied for the enumerating amount of bacteria including aerobic, anaerobic bacteria, coliform, Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus sp. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction was also performed to estimate the number of copies of the total bacteria, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides and Prevotella. No significant differences in the amount of bacteria groups between the experimental (buffer, chyme, and fumonisin B1) and control 1 groups (buffer + chyme) were observed in both methods. Fumonisin B1 and hydrolysed fumonisin B1 concentration were analysed by liquid chromatograghy – mass spectrometry. There was no significant difference in FB1 concentration between the experimental and the control 2 group (buffer and fumonisin B1) at 0 h incubation, 5.185 ±0.174 µg/ml compared with 6.433 ±0.076 µg/ml. Fumonisin B1 concentration in the experimental group was reduced to 4.080 ±0.065 µg/ml at 24 h and to 2.747 ±0.548 µg/ml at 48 h incubation and was significantly less than that of in the control group. Hydrolysed fumonisin B1 was detected after 24 h incubation (0.012 ±0 µg/ml). At 48 h incubation time, hydrolysed fumonisin B1 concentration was doubled to 0.024 ±0.004 µg/ml. These results indicate that fumonisin B1 can be metabolised by caecal microbiota in pigs though the number of studied bacteria did not change.

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