A novel mucin sulphatase from human faeces: its identification, purification and characterization

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Tsai ◽  
D. Sunderland ◽  
G. R. Gibson ◽  
C. A. Hart ◽  
J. M. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Human Faeces ◽  
Colonic Mucin ◽  
Inorganic Sulphate ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Ph Range

1. Colonic mucus is heavily sulphated and it is likely that this contributes considerably to its resistance to degradation by bacterial enzymes. The presence of a mucin-desulphating enzyme in faeces could therefore be very important in determining the rate of degradation of secreted mucus and hence the level of protection of the mucosa. 2. A novel assay for mucin sulphatase has been developed using biologically labelled human colonic [35S]sulphomucin as a substrate and a mucin sulphatase has been purified from faeces by sequential high-performance gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. 3. The mucin sulphatase has been shown to have a pH optimum of 4.5 and activity over the pH range 3–7. It has a pI of 4.0 and is inhibited by inorganic sulphate and phosphate. The purified enzyme preparation gave a single band on electrophoresis with a molecular mass of 15000 Da. It has a Km of 41.9 mmol/l and a Vmax. of 1.17 katal/ kg for glucose 6-sulphate. The enzyme was also shown to enhance fivefold the deglycosylation of [3H]glucosamine-labelled mucin by a faecal mucin glycosidase preparation. 4. Two bacteroides spp. isolated from normal human faeces, Bacteroides fragilis and B. thetaiotaomicron, were found to be producers of mucin-desulphating enzymes. 5. Mucin sulphatase is likely to be critical in determining the rate of enzymic degradation of secreted colonic mucin.

Isolation and Characterization of Plasminogen Activator from Pig Leucocytes

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (01) ◽  
pp. 072-085 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kopitar ◽  
M Stegnar ◽  
B Accetto ◽  
D Lebez
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Inhibition Studies ◽  
Final Purification

SummaryPlasminogen activator was isolated from disrupted pig leucocytes by the aid of DEAE chromatography, gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and final purification on CM cellulose, or by preparative gel electrophoresis.Isolated plasminogen activator corresponds No. 3 band of the starting sample of leucocyte cells (that is composed from 10 gel electrophoretic bands).pH optimum was found to be in pH range 8.0–8.5 and the highest pH stability is between pH range 5.0–8.0.Inhibition studies of isolated plasminogen activator were performed with EACA, AMCHA, PAMBA and Trasylol, using Anson and Astrup method. By Astrup method 100% inhibition was found with EACA and Trasylol and 30% with AMCHA. PAMBA gave 60% inhibition already at concentration 10–3 M/ml. Molecular weight of plasminogen activator was determined by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. The value obtained from 4 different samples was found to be 28000–30500.

Preparation and Characterization of NH2-Terminal Fibrinogen Bβ Fragments from N-DSK of Human Fibrinogen

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 016-021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Birken ◽  
G Agosto ◽  
B Lahiri ◽  
R Canfield
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Cnbr Cleavage ◽  
Two Peaks

SummaryIn order to investigate the early release of NH2-terminal plasmic fragments from the Bβ chain of fibrinogen, substantial quantities of Bβ 1-42 and Bβ 1-21 are required as immunogens, as radioimmunoassay standards and for infusion into human volunteers to determine the half-lives of these peptides. Towards this end methods that employ selective proteolytic cleavage of these fragments from fibrinogen have been developed. Both the N-DSK fragment, produced by CNBr cleavage of fibrinogen, and Bβ 1-118 were employed as substrates for plasmin with the finding of higher yields from N-DSK. Bβ 1-42 and Bβ 1-21 were purified by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography on SP-Sephadex using volatile buffers. When the purified preparation of Bβ 1-42 was chromatographed on reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, two peaks of identical amino acid composition were separated, presumably due either to pyroglutamate or to amide differences.

Co-purification of bone resorbing activity and adenylate cyclase stimulating activity from human tumours associated with the humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chohei Shigeno ◽  
Itsuo Yamamoto ◽  
Shegiharu Dokoh ◽  
Megumu Hino ◽  
Jun Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Protein Factor ◽  
Human Tumours ◽  
Acid Stable ◽  
Bone Resorbing Activity

Abstract. We have partially purified a tumour factor capable of stimulating both bone resorption in vitro and cAMP accumulation in osteoblastic ROS 17/2 cells from three human tumours associated with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy. Purification of tumour factor by sequential acid urea extraction, gel filtration and cation-exchange chromatography, reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography followed by analytical isoelectric focussing provided a basic protein (pI > 9.3) with a molecular weight of approximately 13 000 as a major component of the final preparation which retained both the two bioactivities. Bone resorbing activity and cAMP-increasing activity in purified factor correlated with each other. cAMP-increasing activity of the factor was heat- and acid-stable, but sensitive to alkaline ambient pH. Treatment with trypsin destroyed cAMP-increasing activity of the factor. Synthetic parathyroid hormone (PTH) antagonist, human PTH-(3– 34) completely inhibited the cAMP-increasing activity of the factor. The results suggest that this protein factor, having its effects on both osteoclastic and osteoblastic functions, may be involved in development of enhanced bone resorption in some patients with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy.

TOXOHORMONE IN BACTERIA-FREE TUMORS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1069-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Nixon ◽  
B. Zinman
Keyword(s):  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Metastatic Carcinoma ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Human Spleen ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Normal Human Kidney ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Normal Human

Toxohormone was extracted from bacteria-free human tumors and normal tissues, and assayed for activity by measuring the decrease in serum iron levels of rats 12 hours after injection of the extracts. In contrast with the findings of others, the results of the present study demonstrated that active toxohormone could be isolated from bacteria-free tumor tissues. Bacteria-free normal human kidney and spleen also yielded active toxohormone extracts, whereas extracts of normal human- and rat-skeletal muscle and rat liver had no activity.Four active toxohormone extracts were purified by ion-exchange chromatography followed by gel filtration. Human leukemic spleen, metastatic carcinoma of the cecum, and normal human spleen and kidney yielded several highly active purified fractions.

scholarly journals Purification and properties of three (1→3)-β-d-glucanase isoenzymes from young leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare)

1993 ◽  
Vol 289 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hrmova ◽  
G B Fincher
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Purification And Properties ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Monomeric Proteins ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Three (1->3)-beta-D-glucan glucanohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.39) isoenzymes GI, GII and GIII were purified from young leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare) using (NH4)2SO4 fractional precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, chromatofocusing and gel-filtration chromatography. The three (1->3)-beta-D-glucanases are monomeric proteins of apparent M(r)32,000 with pI values in the range 8.8-10.3. N-terminal amino-acid-sequence analyses confirmed that the three isoenzymes represent the products of separate genes. Isoenzymes GI and GII are less stable at elevated temperatures and are active over a narrower pH range than is isoenzyme GIII, which is a glycoprotein containing 20-30 mol of hexose equivalents/mol of enzyme. The preferred substrate for the enzymes is laminarin from the brown alga Laminaria digitata, an essentially linear (1->3)-beta-D-glucan with a low degree of glucosyl substitution at 0-6 and a degree of polymerization of approx. 25. The three enzymes are classified as endohydrolases, because they yield (1->3)-beta-D-oligoglucosides with degrees of polymerization of 3-8 in the initial stages of hydrolysis of laminarin. Kinetic analyses indicate apparent Km values in the range 172-208 microM, kcat. constants of 36-155 s-1 and pH optima of 4.8. Substrate specificity studies show that the three isoenzymes hydrolyse substituted (1->3)-beta-D-glucans with degrees of polymerization of 25-31 and various high-M(r), substituted and side-branched fungal (1->3;1->6)-beta-D-glucans. However, the isoenzymes differ in their rates of hydrolysis of a (1->3;1->6)-beta-D-glucan from baker's yeast and their specific activities against laminarin vary significantly. The enzymes do not hydrolyse (1->3;1->4)-beta-D-glucans, (1->6)-beta-D-glucan, CM-cellulose, insoluble (1->3)-beta-D-glucans or aryl beta-D-glycosides.

scholarly journals Purification and Characterization of Endoglucanase from local isolate of Aspergillus flavus

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 844-853
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Original Activity ◽  
A Value ◽  
Optimum Ph

Endoglucanase produced from Aspergillus flavus was purified by several steps including precipitation with 25 % ammonium sulphate followed by Ion –exchange chromatography, the obtained specific activity was 377.35 U/ mg protein, with a yield of 51.32 % .This step was followed by gel filtration chromatography (Sepharose -6B), when a value of specific activity was 400 U/ mg protein, with a yield of 48 %. Certain properties of this purified enzyme were investigated, the optimum pH of activity was 7 and the pH of its stability was 4.5, while the temperature stability was 40 °C for 60 min. The enzyme retained 100% of its original activity after incubation at 40 °C for 60 min; the optimum temperature for enzyme activity was 40 °C.

Physicochemical properties of a novel α-L-arabinofuranosidase fromRhizomucor pusillusHHT-1

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 767-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
A KM Shofiqur Rahman ◽  
Shinya Kawamura ◽  
Masahiro Hatsu ◽  
M M Hoq ◽  
Kazuhiro Takamizawa
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Hydrolytic Activity ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Rhizomucor Pusillus ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
Metal Cofactors

The zygomycete fungus Rhizomucor pusillus HHT-1, cultured on L(+)arabinose as a sole carbon source, produced extracellular α-L-arabinofuranosidase. The enzyme was purified by (NH4)2SO4fractionation, gel filtration, and ion exchange chromatography. The molecular mass of this monomeric enzyme was 88 kDa. The native enzyme had a pI of 4.2 and displayed a pH optimum and stability of 4.0 and 7.0–10.0, respectively. The temperature optimum was 65°C, and it was stable up to 70°C. The Kmand Vmaxfor p-nitrophenyl α-L-arabinofuranoside were 0.59 mM and 387 µmol·min–1·mg–1protein, respectively. Activity was not stimulated by metal cofactors. The N-terminal amino acid sequence did not show any similarity to other arabinofuranosidases. Higher hydrolytic activity was recorded with p-nitrophenyl α-L-arabinofuranoside, arabinotriose, and sugar beet arabinan; lower hydrolytic activity was recorded with oat–spelt xylan and arabinogalactan, indicating specificity for the low molecular mass L(+)-arabinose containing oligosaccharides with furanoside configuration.Key words: α-L-arabinofuranosidase, enzyme purification, amino acid sequence, Rhizomucor pusillus.

scholarly journals A high-molecular-mass neutral endopeptidase-24.5 from human lung

1987 ◽  
Vol 241 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Zolfaghari ◽  
C R Baker ◽  
P C Canizaro ◽  
A Amirgholami ◽  
F J Bĕhal
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Proteinase Inhibitors ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Serine Proteinase ◽  
Neutral Endopeptidase ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Apparent Homogeneity

A high-Mr neutral endopeptidase-24.5 (NE) that cleaved bradykinin at the Phe5-Ser6 bond was purified to apparent homogeneity from human lung by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The final enzyme preparation produced a single enzymically active protein band after electrophoresis on a 5% polyacrylamide gel. Human lung NE had an Mr of 650,000 under non-denaturing conditions, but after denaturation and electrophoresis on an SDS/polyacrylamide gel NE dissociated into several lower-Mr components (Mr 21,000-32,000) and into two minor components (Mr approx. 66,000). The enzyme activity was routinely assayed with the artificial substrate Z-Gly-Gly-Leu-Nan (where Z- and -Nan represent benzyloxycarbonyl- and p-nitroanilide respectively). NE activity was enhanced slightly by reducing agents, greatly diminished by thiol-group inhibitors and unchanged by serine-proteinase inhibitors. Human lung NE was inhibited by the univalent cations Na+ and K+. No metal ions were essential for activity, but the heavy-metal ions Cu2+, Hg2+ and Zn2+ were potent inhibitors. With the substrate Z-Gly-Gly-Leu-Nan a broad pH optimum from pH 7.0 to pH 7.6 was observed, and a Michaelis constant value of 1.0 mM was obtained. When Z-Gly-Gly-Leu-Nap (where -Nap represents 2-naphthylamide) was substituted for the above substrate, no NE-catalysed hydrolysis occurred, but Z-Leu-Leu-Glu-Nap was readily hydrolysed by NE. In addition, NE hydrolysed Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-Nap rapidly, but at pH 9.8 rather than in the neutral range. Although human lung NE was stimulated by SDS, the extent of stimulation was not appreciable as compared with the extent of SDS stimulation of NE from other sources.

Partial Primary Structure Of Human α2-Antiplasmin

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
H R Lijnen ◽  
B Wiman ◽  
B Van Hoef ◽  
D Collen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Edman Degradation ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Tryptic Digest

α2-Antiplasmin (α2AP), the main physiological inhibitor of plasmin in human plasma, is a single–chain glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 67,000 consisting of about 510 amino acids and containing 13 percent carbohydrate.A tryptic digest on 400 mg of reduced, carboxymethylated and citraconylated purified α2AP was performed. Peptides were separated by combinations of ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration and high performance liquid chromatography, and sequenced using the manual Edman degradation. Some peptides were further digested in order to establish overlaps. At the time of submission of this abstract we have sequenced 7 out of the approximately 21 arginyl peptides completely (each between 3 and 21 residues) and are working on the others. At present we have about 200 residues of sequence. Here we only report the stretches of 10 amino acids or more, which may be useful to compare the structure of α2AP with that of other serine protease inhibitors.

scholarly journals Purification and characterization of human neuropeptide Y from adrenal-medullary phaeochromocytoma tissue

1984 ◽  
Vol 219 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Corder ◽  
P C Emson ◽  
P J Lowry
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Amino Acid Analysis ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Carboxypeptidase Y ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Tryptic Fragment

Human neuropeptide Y was isolated from acid extracts of adrenal-medullary phaeochromocytoma tissue. After (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, the neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity was purified from the resolubilized 80%-saturation-(NH4)2SO4 peptide-rich precipitate, by gel filtration, cation-exchange chromatography and reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Amino acid analysis of the peptide revealed a composition almost identical with that of the pig peptide, the exception being the loss of one leucine residue and its replacement with methionine. Tryptic digestion of the peptide and subsequent amino acid analysis of the fragments further confirmed the identity of the peptide. Carboxypeptidase Y digestion of the (1-19)-peptide tryptic fragment has shown the methionine to be located at position 17 in human neuropeptide Y.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document