Increased Plasma Histamine Levels in Uraemic Pruritus

1990 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Stockenhuber ◽  
Robert W. Kurz ◽  
Kaspar Sertl ◽  
Georg Grimm ◽  
Peter Balcke
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Plasma Histamine ◽  
Histamine Concentration ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Plasma Histamine Concentration

1. We determined plasma levels of histamine in uraemic patients and examined their correlation with the presence of pruritus. 2. In 27 patients with chronic renal failure, plasma histamine levels were analysed by radioimmunoassay and were compared with those of 40 healthy adult subjects. The control population showed plasma histamine concentrations of 185 ∓ 33 pg/ml, which were significantly lower than those of the patients with renal insufficiency. The highest levels (552 ± 116 pg of histamine/ml) were found in 16 patients with chronic renal failure (mean serum creatinine 5.1 ∓ 1.0 mg/dl) and severe itching. 3. Twelve patients with pronounced pruritus who were on maintenance haemodialysis (serum creatinine 9.2 ±1.2 mg/dl) had a mean plasma histamine concentration of 515 ± 81 pg/ml. Fifteen patients on regular haemodialysis (serum creatinine 9.0 ± 1.5 mg/dl) and who experienced itching had plasma histamine levels (322 ±40 pg/ml) which were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than those of the patients with pruritus but which were elevated compared with those of the control population (P < 0.01). 4. No correlation could be found between increased plasma histamine levels and the type of dialysis membrane used or the method of sterilization of the membrane. 5. Haemodialysis alone did not reduce plasma histamine concentrations, although high concentrations could be detected in the ultrafiltrate. In six patients a rapid decrease in plasma histamine concentration from 565 ∓ 134 pg/ml to within the normal range could be detected after 60 min of combined haemodialysis and haemoperfusion. 6. Our results show that increased plasma levels of histamine are found in patients with renal insufficiency and pruritus, and we conclude that this mediator might be involved in the genesis of uraemic pruritus.

Accumulation of Sulphur-Containing Amino Acids Including Cysteine-Homocysteine in Patients on Maintenance Haemodialysis

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. L. Wilcken ◽  
Vatsala J. Gupta ◽  
S. G. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Chronic Haemodialysis ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Acidic Amino Acids ◽  
Rate Of Accumulation

1. Plasma sulphur-containing amino acids were measured in 19 patients with renal failure on chronic haemodialysis and in 22 normal subjects, to determine the rate of accumulation of these amino acids in chronic azotaemia. 2. Cysteine-homocysteine mixed disulphide was significantly increased in patients before dialysis and homocystine was detected in low concentration in 10 patients. Cystine and taurine were also increased. Changes in other neutral and acidic amino acids were similar to those reported in chronic renal insufficiency. 3. In 3–4 h of dialysis serum creatinine was decreased by a mean of 55%, cysteine-homocysteine by 41%and cystine by 58.5%(P<0.001 for each). Methionine concentrations were normal throughout. 4. We conclude that sulphur-containing amino acids, except methionine, accumulate in chronic renal failure as rapidly as creatinine.

Hepatic Metabolism of Aminopyrine in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Scherrer ◽  
B. Haldimann ◽  
A. Küpfer ◽  
F. Reubi ◽  
J. Bircher
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Hepatic Disease ◽  
Dialysis Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Aminopyrine Demethylation

1. To evaluate potential alterations in hepatic metabolism of drugs occurring in patients with renal insufficiency the fate of aminopyrine was studied in 17 patients with chronic renal failure and in 27 normal subjects. 2. Although patients with chronic renal failure exhibited large variations, their aminopyrine plasma disappearance times (mean 0·62 ± sd 0·24 h−1) were significantly higher than those found in normal subjects (0·30 ± 0·07 h−1, P < 0·002). 3. 14CO2 derived from [dimethylamine-14C]aminopyrine disappeared from breath more rapidly in patients with chronic renal failure and a history of analgesic abuse (0·40 ± 0·04 h−1) than in control subjects (0·22 ± 0·03 h−1, P < 0·01) and in other patients with chronic renal failure (0·24 ± 0·04 h−1). 4. Dialysis treatment and serum creatinine concentrations were not correlated with the rates of aminopyrine metabolism. Two additional patients, however, with combined renal and hepatic disease, exhibited markedly slowed rates of aminopyrine demethylation. 5. Although chronic renal failure by itself might not alter microsomal drug metabolism it is concluded that, in patients with a history of abuse of phenacetin-containing analgesics, marked acceleration in aminopyrine N-demethylation may be observed.

Avaliação da Resiliência em Pacientes com Insuficiência Renal Crônica Submetidos à Hemodiálise / Assessment of Resilience in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Renata Izabel dos Santos ◽  
Otávia Regina Souza Costa
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Resilience Scale

RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar o nível de resiliência dos portadores de insuficiência renal crônica em tratamento de hemodiálise. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, quantitativo e de abordagem descritiva. A amostra foi constituída por 61 pacientes em tratamento dialítico. Para obtenção dos resultados, foi utilizada a escala de resiliência, desenvolvida por Wagnild e Young (1993) e adaptada por Pesce et al., (2005). Foi aplicado, também, um questionário para caracterização pessoal, familiar, social, econômica e de saúde do grupo. Resultados: Foi constatado que 61% dos pacientes apresentaram tendência à resiliência. O gênero masculino obteve maior pontuação, sugerindo maior tendência à resiliência, bem como os pacientes que são praticantes de uma religião.  Conclusão: Os resultados assinalam que os pacientes em tratamento dialítico no hospital apresentam capacidade à resiliência, o que sugere melhor adaptação ao tratamento.Palavras-chave: Avaliação, Resiliência psicológica, Insuficiência renal crônica.ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate de the level of resilience in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing dialysis. Materials and Methods: Prospective, quantitative and descriptive study. The sample consisted of 61 patients on dialysis. To obtain the results we used Resilience Scale developed by Wagnild and Young (1993) and adapted by Pesce et al., (2005). A questionnaire to characterize personal, familiar, social, economic and health status was applied. Results: It was found that 61% of patients showed trend to resilience. Males had higher scores, suggesting more likelihood to resilience, as well as patients who were practitioners of a religion. Conclusion: The results indicate that the majority of patients on dialysis have capability of resilience, which suggests better adaptation to treatment.Keywords: Evaluation, Psychological resilience, Chronic renal insufficiency.

Neuropeptide Y as a plasma marker for phaeochromocytoma, ganglioneuroblastoma and neuroblastoma

1992 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toraichi Mouri ◽  
Masahiko Sone ◽  
Kazuhiro Takahashi ◽  
Keiichi Itoi ◽  
Kazuhito Totsune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Plasma Marker

1. We investigated the usefulness of neuropeptide Y as a plasma marker for phaeochromocytoma, ganglioneuroblastoma and neuroblastoma using a simple and highly sensitive r.i.a. for human neuropeptide Y. 2. Plasma immunoreactive neuropeptide Y concentrations were measured without extraction in plasma samples (100 μl) from patients with various diseases. 3. The plasma immunoreactive neuropeptide Y concentration in patients with phaeochromocytoma (172.3 ± 132.4 pmol/l, mean ± sd, n = 23) was significantly higher than that in healthy adult subjects (40.1 ± 10.1 pmol/l, n = 40, P<0.0001). The plasma immunoreactive neuropeptide Y concentrations in patients with ganglioneuroblastoma (590.7 ± 563.6 pmol/l, n = 6) and patients with neuroblastoma (566.9 ± 524.4 pmol/l, n = 15) were significantly higher than those in control children (1–9 years old, 82.2 ± 39.9 pmol/l, n = 72, P<0.0001). 4. The plasma immunoreactive neuropeptide Y concentration in patients with essential hypertension (34.0 ± 3.7 pmol/l, n = 18) was within the normal range, but in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing maintenance haemodialysis (192.1 ± 68.0 pmol/l, n = 25) and in non-dialysed patients with chronic renal failure (85.1 ± 23.1 pmol/l, n = 7) it was significantly higher than that in healthy adult subjects (P<0.0001). 5. Eighty-seven per cent of the patients with phaeochromocytoma, 67% of the patients with ganglioneuroblastoma and 80% of the patients with neuroblastoma showed plasma immunoreactive neuropeptide Y concentrations higher than the upper limits in the control subjects [62 pmol/l (adult) and 160 pmol/l (children)]. 6. These results suggest that neuropeptide Y is a useful plasma marker for these tumours in addition to other factors unless the patients have renal failure.

Favourable Effects of Muzolimine on Urea Plasma Levels in Chronic Renal Failure

1987 ◽  
pp. 412-414
Author(s):  
F. Mastrangelo ◽  
M. Napoli ◽  
C. Corliano’ ◽  
V. De Blasi ◽  
S. Rizzelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Plasma Levels

scholarly journals Survival on dialysis among chronic renal failure patients treated with a supplemented low-protein diet before dialysis.

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1379-1385
Author(s):  
J Coresh ◽  
M Walser ◽  
S Hill
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Protein Restriction ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein

Concerns have been raised about the possibility of protein restriction resulting in malnutrition and poor subsequent survival on dialysis. However, no studies have examined patients treated with protein restriction to determine their subsequent survival on dialysis. This study prospectively monitored 67 patients with established chronic renal failure (mean initial serum creatinine of 4.3 mg/dL) who were treated with a very low-protein diet (0.3 g/kg per day) supplemented with either essential amino acids or a ketoacid-amino acid mixture and observed closely for clinical complications. Forty-four patients required dialysis. Once dialysis was started, dietary treatment was no longer prescribed. The cumulative mortality rate during the first 2 yr after starting dialysis was 7% (95% confidence interval, 0 to 16%). During this period, only two deaths occurred compared with 11.5 deaths expected on the basis of national mortality rates adjusted for age, sex, race, and cause of renal disease (P = 0.002). However, the protective effect was limited to the first 2 yr on dialysis. Thereafter, mortality rates increased, resulting in a total of 10 deaths during 96.4 person-years of follow-up, which was not significantly lower than the 14.9 deaths expected (P = 0.25). Extrapolation of sequential serum creatinine measurements made before dietary treatment suggests that the improved survival cannot be due to the early initiation of dialysis. Although the lack of an internal control group and data on dialysis lends uncertainty, the large difference in mortality rate between these patients and the nationwide experience indicates that protein restriction and close clinical monitoring predialysis does not worsen and may substantially improve survival during the first 2 yr on dialysis. These findings point out the importance of studying predialysis treatments as a means for lowering mortality on dialysis.

Simultaneous Bilateral Central Acetabular Fracture-Dislocations following an Epileptic Seizure in a Patient with Chronic Renal Failure

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Papanikolaou ◽  
D.D. Aktipis ◽  
A.G. Giota ◽  
N.C. Antoniou
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Epileptic Seizure ◽  
Chronic Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Acetabular Fracture ◽  
Rare Injury ◽  
Fracture Dislocations

We report on a rare injury in a 60-year old diabetic lady suffering from chronic renal insufficiency. She sustained bilateral central acetabular fracture-dislocations following an epileptic seizure.

Elevation of the plasma histamine concentration in the coronary circulation in patients with variant angina

1996 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 1121-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiko Sakata ◽  
Kazuo Komamura ◽  
Atsushi Hirayama ◽  
Shinsuke Nanto ◽  
Masafumi Kitakaze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Circulation ◽  
Variant Angina ◽  
Plasma Histamine ◽  
Histamine Concentration ◽  
Plasma Histamine Concentration

scholarly journals Plasma levels of IL-1β, TNFα and their specific inhibitors in undialyzed chronic renal failure, CAPD and hemodialysis patients

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 890-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J.G. Pereira ◽  
Leland Shapiro ◽  
Andrew J. King ◽  
Matheos E. Falagas ◽  
James A. Strom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Specific Inhibitors
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