Cell loss from human, canine and guinea-pig gastric mucosa measured by DNA radioimmunoassay

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Hurst ◽  
W. D. W. Rees ◽  
A. Garner
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Dna Loss ◽  
Guinea Pig Stomach ◽  
Pavlov Pouch ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. A DNA radioimmunoassay, sensitive in the range 25–1000 ng, has been developed to measure gastric mucosal cell loss. Validity of the assay was based on antibody specificity, absence of interference from gastric contents, parallel tracer displacement by dilutions of gastric and standard DNA, and crossover with colorimetric assay. 2. With this assay, gastric DNA shedding was examined in two animal species and man. In the guinea-pig stomach, DNA loss was 20–100 pg/h and in the canine Pavlov pouch, 260–580pg/h. In the canine Pavlov pouch stimulation of acid secretion by histamine and exposure to exogenous acid increased DNA output. In the normal human stomach DNA loss was 544 k 175 pg/h and in duodenal ulcer patients, 649 k 225 pg/li. 3. DNA radioimmunoassay provides a sensitive and reproducible measure of cell exfoliation from the stomach and may be a useful tool for studying aspects of gastric mucosal defence.

Functionally distinct receptors for cholecystokinin and gastrin on dispersed chief cells from guinea pig stomach

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (2) ◽  
pp. G151-G155 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Cherner ◽  
V. E. Sutliff ◽  
D. M. Grybowski ◽  
R. T. Jensen ◽  
J. D. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Chief Cells ◽  
Pepsinogen Secretion ◽  
Guinea Pig Stomach ◽  
Cck Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Stimulation Of

Caerulein, gastrin, and C-terminal fragments of cholecystokinin (CCK) varying in length from eight (CCK-8) to four (CCK-4) amino acids stimulate pepsinogen secretion from dispersed chief cells prepared from guinea pig stomach. C-terminal fragments of CCK containing fewer than four amino acids, even when tested at concentrations as high as 3 mM, do not stimulate pepsinogen secretion. The efficacies of gastrin and the various CCK-related peptides, coupled with the pattern of action of CCK receptor antagonists, indicate that chief cells from guinea pig stomach possess two functionally distinct classes of receptors, C-receptors and G-receptors. The C-receptors can be occupied by caerulein, CCK-8, CCK-7, des(SO3)CCK-8, or des(SO3)CCK-7, and occupation of C-receptors causes full stimulation of pepsinogen secretion. G-receptors can be occupied by gastrin I, gastrin II, CCK-6, CCK-5, or CCK-4, and occupation of G-receptors causes stimulation of pepsinogen secretion that is 60% of maximal.

Ultrastructure and Drug Metabolism in the Developing Guinea Pig

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
W. Kuenzig ◽  
M. Boublik ◽  
J.J. Kamm ◽  
J.J. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Adult Animal ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Mixed Function Oxidase ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Microsomal Mixed Function Oxidase ◽  
Mixed Function Oxidase Activity

Unlike a variety of other animal species, such as the rabbit, mouse or rat, the guinea pig has a relatively long gestation period and is a more fully developed animal at birth. Kuenzig et al. reported that drug metabolic activity which increases very slowly during fetal life, increases rapidly after birth. Hepatocytes of a 3-day old neonate metabolize drugs and reduce cytochrome P-450 at a rate comparable to that observed in the adult animal. Moreover the administration of drugs like phenobarbital to pregnant guinea pigs increases the microsomal mixed function oxidase activity already in the fetus.Drug metabolic activity is, generally, localized within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) of the hepatocyte.

Inhibition of Human and Animal Platelet Adhesiveness to Glass Bead Columns by Adenosine, Dipyridamole, Chlorpromazine and Acetylsalicylic Acid

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buichi Fujttani ◽  
Toshimichi Tsuboi ◽  
Kazuko Takeno ◽  
Kouichi Yoshida ◽  
Masanao Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rabbit Platelet ◽  
Platelet Adhesiveness

SummaryThe differences among human, rabbit and guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness as for inhibitions by adenosine, dipyridamole, chlorpromazine and acetylsalicylic acid are described, and the influence of measurement conditions on platelet adhesiveness is also reported. Platelet adhesiveness of human and animal species decreased with an increase of heparin concentrations and an increase of flow rate of blood passing through a glass bead column. Human and rabbit platelet adhesiveness was inhibited in vitro by adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine, but not by acetylsalicylic acid. On the other hand, guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness was inhibited by the four drugs including acetylsalicylic acid. In in vivo study, adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine inhibited platelet adhesiveness in rabbits and guinea-pigs. Acetylsalicylic acid showed the inhibitory effect in guinea-pigs, but not in rabbits.

scholarly journals Regulation of acetylcholine release from the guinea-pig stomach via 5-HT4 receptors.

1994 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Shogo Matsuyama ◽  
Hideyo Sakjyama ◽  
Koji Nei ◽  
Shigenori Katayama ◽  
Norikazu Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Acetylcholine Release ◽  
Guinea Pig Stomach

Actions of cysteinyl leukotrienes in the enteric nervous system of guinea-pig stomach and small intestine

2003 ◽  
Vol 459 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumei Liu ◽  
Hong-Zhen Hu ◽  
Chuanyun Gao ◽  
Na Gao ◽  
Guodu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Cysteinyl Leukotrienes ◽  
Guinea Pig Stomach

Capsaicin-induced release of substance P-like immunoreactivity from the guinea-pig stomach

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
D. Renzi ◽  
P. Santicioli ◽  
C.A. Maggi ◽  
C. Surrenti ◽  
A. Calabrò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pig Stomach
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