Blood Pressure and Plasma Sodium and Potassium

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 85s-87s ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Bulpitt ◽  
M. J. Shipley ◽  
A. Semmence
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Diuretic Treatment ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. Two thousand, three hundred and twenty-eight men and 1496 women between the ages of 35 and 64 years were screened for hypertension and their plasma sodium and potassium concentrations measured. Those on antihypertensive or diuretic treatment were excluded from further analysis. 2. After adjusting for age, body mass index and other variables, plasma potassium was negatively associated with both systolic and diastolic pressure in men and women. A decrease in plasma potassium of 1 mmol/l was associated with an increase in systolic pressure in women of 7 mmHg (P < 0.001) and diastolic pressure of 4 mmHg (P < 0.001). In men the corresponding increases were 4 mmHg (P < 0.01) and 2 mmHg (P < 0.05). 3. After adjusting for the other variables as above, plasma sodium was positively related to systolic blood pressure but not to diastolic pressure. An increase in plasma sodium of 1 mmol/l was associated with an increase in systolic pressure of 1 mmHg in both men (P < 0.01) and women (P < 0.05).

Blood Pressure, Renal and Metabolic Effects of ACTH in Normotensive Man

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 269s-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. Whitworth ◽  
Dianne Saines ◽  
Robyn Thatcher ◽  
Aldona Butkus ◽  
B. A. Scoggins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Addison’S Disease ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Addison's Disease ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. The blood pressure, renal and metabolic effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) have been studied in six normotensive subjects and two patients with Addison's disease on maintenance steroid therapy. 2. In normotensive subjects, 5 days ACTH treatment (0.5 mg 12 hourly) was associated with a rise in systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure. There was a small rise in diastolic pressure but no consistent change in heart rate. Plasma sodium increased and plasma potassium fell. Serum creatinine and urea concentrations were unchanged. Fluid intake increased and urine output was unchanged but ACTH withdrawal was associated with a diuresis. There was an initial reduction in urinary sodium excretion and a natriuresis after ACTH withdrawal. Plasma volume and body weight rose. 3. ACTH produced increases in plasma cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, corticosterone, deoxycorticosterone, aldosterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and 17α,20α-dihydroxyprogesterone. Plasma renin concentration fell. 4. Patients with Addison's disease showed no change in blood pressure or in any other metabolic variable studied. 5. The effects of ACTH in man resembled those found in sheep.

Blood Pressure in the Leech Hirudo Medicinalis

1983 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
BODO KRAHL ◽  
IRENE ZERBST-BOROFFKA
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Hirudo Medicinalis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pressure Pulses ◽  
Intravascular Pressure ◽  
Peristaltic Action

1. Intravascular pressure recordings in the lateral vessels of the leech, Hirudo medicinalis, show two distinct pressure patterns: high pressure phases (diastolic pressure: 5 ± 3 mmHg, systolic pressure: 48 ± 14mmHg) alternate with low pressure phases (diastolic pressure: 4 ± 2.5 mmHg, systolic pressure: 26 ± 11 mmHg). 2. The lateral vessel of one side produces high pressure pulses during peristaltic action while the other vessel generates low pressure pulses during non-peristaltic action. After 20–60 pulses a transition occurs, which sometimes appears more gradually.

scholarly journals Gambaran Tekanan Darah, Indeks Massa Tubuh, dan Aktivitas Fisik pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Umum Angkatan Tahun 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoel P. Abaa ◽  
Hedison Polii ◽  
Pemsi M. Wowor
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract: This study was aimed to obtain the profile of blood pressure and factors that could influence blood pressure of Medical Faculty students of Sam Ratulangi University of Manado year 2014. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Study population consisted of 75 students year 2014. Respondents were 48 students obtained by using simple random sampling technique. The results showed that most respondents had normal systolic pressure (41 respondents; 85.4%), normal diastolic pressure (44 respondents; 91.6%), normal body mass index (27 respondents; 56.2%), and low physical activity (43 respondents; 89.6%). Conclusion: Most students had normal systolic blood pressure, normal diastolic blood pressure, normal BMI, and low physical activity.Keywords: blood pressure, body mass index, physical activity Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tekanan darah dan faktor-faktor yang dapat memengaruhi tekanan darah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado angkatan tahun 2014. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Populasi penelitian ialah seluruh mahasiswa angkatan 2014 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi yang berjumlah 75 orang. Terdapat 48 responden diperoleh dengan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa tekanan sistolik terbanyak ialah kategori normal (41 responden; 85,4%) dan tekanan diastolik terbanyak ialah kategori normal (44 responden; 91,6%). Indeks massa tubuh terbanyak ialah kategori normal (27 responden; 56,2%). Tingkat aktivitas fisik responden terbanyak yaitu aktifitas fisik ringan 43 orang (89,6%). Simpulan: Pada penelitian ini sebagian besar mahasiswa memiliki tekanan darah sistolik kategori normal, tekanan darah diastolik kategori normal, IMT normal, dan aktivitas fisik ringan.Kata kunci: tekanan darah, indeks massa tubuh, dan aktivitas fisik

Haematocrit: Relationships with Blood Lipids, Blood Pressure and other Cardiovascular Risk Factors

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (01) ◽  
pp. 058-064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goya Wannamethee ◽  
A Gerald Shaper
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThe relationship between haematocrit and cardiovascular risk factors, particularly blood pressure and blood lipids, has been examined in detail in a large prospective study of 7735 middle-aged men drawn from general practices in 24 British towns. The analyses are restricted to the 5494 men free of any evidence of ischaemic heart disease at screening.Smoking, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake and lung function (FEV1) were factors strongly associated with haematocrit levels independent of each other. Age showed a significant but small independent association with haematocrit. Non-manual workers had slightly higher haematocrit levels than manual workers; this difference increased considerably and became significant after adjustment for the other risk factors. Diabetics showed significantly lower levels of haematocrit than non-diabetics. In the univariate analysis, haematocrit was significantly associated with total serum protein (r = 0*18), cholesterol (r = 0.16), triglyceride (r = 0.15), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.17) and heart rate (r = 0.14); all at p <0.0001. A weaker but significant association was seen with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.09, p <0.001). These relationships remained significant even after adjustment for age, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake, lung function, presence of diabetes, social class and for each of the other biological variables; the relationship with systolic blood pressure was considerably weakened. No association was seen with blood glucose and HDL-cholesterol. This study has shown significant associations between several lifestyle characteristics and the haematocrit and supports the findings of a significant relationship between the haematocrit and blood lipids and blood pressure. It emphasises the role of the haematocrit in assessing the risk of ischaemic heart disease and stroke in individuals, and the need to take haematocrit levels into account in determining the importance of other cardiovascular risk factors.

scholarly journals Telomere Length as a Biomarker for Race-Related Health Disparities

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Vaithinathan Selvaraju ◽  
Megan Phillips ◽  
Anna Fouty ◽  
Jeganathan Ramesh Babu ◽  
Thangiah Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Usa

Disparities between the races have been well documented in health and disease in the USA. Recent studies show that telomere length, a marker of aging, is associated with obesity and obesity-related diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. The current study aimed to evaluate the connection between telomere length ratio, blood pressure, and childhood obesity. The telomere length ratio was measured in 127 children from both European American (EA) and African American (AA) children, aged 6–10 years old. AA children had a significantly high relative telomere to the single copy gene (T/S) ratio compared to EA children. There was no significant difference in the T/S ratio between normal weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) groups of either race. Blood pressure was significantly elevated in AA children with respect to EA children. Hierarchical regression analysis adjusted for race, gender, and age expressed a significant relationship between the T/S ratio and diastolic pressure. Low T/S ratio participants showed a significant increase in systolic pressure, while a high T/S ratio group showed an increase in diastolic pressure and heart rate of AA children. In conclusion, our findings show that AA children have high T/S ratio compared to EA children. The high T/S ratio is negatively associated with diastolic pressure.

Use of Multiple Visits to Increase Blood Pressure Tracking Correlations in Childhood

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 708-711
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Gillman ◽  
Bernard Rosner ◽  
Denis A. Evans ◽  
Laurel A. Smith ◽  
James O. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Increase Blood Pressure ◽  
Multiple Visit

Previous studies of childhood blood pressure have shown tracking correlations, which estimate the magnitude of association between initial and subsequent measurements, to be lower than corresponding adult values. Inasmuch as this disparity could arise from failing to account for a larger week-to-week variability in children, blood pressure was measured for 4 successive years, on four weekly visits in each year, and with three measurements at each visit, using a random-zero sphygmomanometer, in a cohort of 333 schoolchildren aged 8 through 15 at entry. Ninety percent of subjects had measurements in 1 or more years of follow-up. For all follow-up periods (1, 2, and 3 years from baseline), the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure rose substantially with the number of weekly visits used to calculate each subject's yearly blood pressure (P &lt; .0001). For systolic pressure, the 3-year r values for 1, 2, 3, and 4 visits were .45, .55, .64, and .69, respectively. For diastolic pressure (Korotkoff phase 4), the corresponding values were .28, .41, .47, and .54. These higher multiple-visit estimates of tracking approximate published adult values and raise the possibility that prediction of adult blood pressure from childhood measurements may be improved by averaging readings from multiple weekly visits.

scholarly journals Hubungan kadar natrium dengan tekanan darah pada remaja di Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rivanli Polii ◽  
Joice N.A. Engka ◽  
Ivonny M. Sapulete
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling

Abstract: Sodium is an extracellular fluid cation which is the highest in amount, 35-40% sodium (Na) is found in the body skeleton. The function of sodium is the regulation of fluid volume, the regulation of fluid balance, the regulation of osmolarity, and the regulation of blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force that is needed to keep the blood flowing inside the blood vessel and circulates to reach all the tissues in human body. Blood pressure consists of two components, the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure. According to the study conducted by Riset Kesehatan Dasar on 2007, it was found that the Natuna Islands (coastal areas) has the highest prevalence of hypertension, which is 53,3%, while the highlands of Jayawijaya has the lowest prevalence of hypertension, which is 6,8%. The North Bolaang Mongondow regency, especially West Bolangitang district is an area which is conditioned around the coastal areas. Adolescents, according to WHO, are those aged 12-24 years old. This was an analytical descriptive research is conducted with a cross sectional study design. Afterward, the collected datas are processed using the help of SPSS software. The population is all of the students in SMAN 1 Bolangitang Barat, North Bolaang Mongondow regency and the samples were collected with purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the number of respondents who follow the research were 60 students, consisting 16 boy and 44 girl by spearman’s correlation statistical test.This study shows no correlation between the levels of sodium and blood pressure on adolescents in West Bolangitang district North Bolaang Mongondow regency. Conclusion: there is no correlation between the levels of sodium and blood pressure on adolescents in West Bolangitang district, North Bolaang Mongondow regency. Keywords: sodium, blood pressure, adolescent Abstrak: Natrium ialah kation terbanyak dalam cairan ekstrasel , 35-40% natrium (Na) ada didalam kerangka tubuh. Fungsi natrium untuk mengatur volume cairan, mengatur keseimbangan cairan, mengatur osmolaritas, dan mengatur tekanan darah. Tekanan darah adalah kekuatan yang diperlukan agar darah dapat mengalir di dalam pembuluh darah dan beredar mencapai semua jaringan tubuh manusia. Tekanan darah terdiri atas 2 bagian tekanan sistolik dan tekanan diastolik. Berdasarkan data yang dilakukan Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2007 didapatakan bahwa prevalensi hipertensi tertinggi di Kepulauan Natuna (wilayah pantai) sebanyak 53,3 % sedangkan prevalensi hipertensi terendah di pegunungan jayawijaya sebanyak 6,8%. Kabupaten Bolaang mongondow utara khususnya Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat merupakan suatu wilayah yang terletak disekitaran pesisir pantai, Remaja menurut WHO adalah mereka yang berumur 12-24 tahun. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Data diolah dengan menggunakan program SPSS. Populasi ialah semua siswa/i SMAN 1 Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara dan sampel diambil dengan cara purposive sampling. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar natrium dengan tekanan darah pada remaja di Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar natrium dengan tekanan darah pada remaja di Kecamatan Bolangitang Barat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara.Kata kunci: natrium, tekanan darah, remaja

scholarly journals Evaluation of blood pressure in school children aged 12-16 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1218
Author(s):  
Balakrishnan Nadesan ◽  
Mani Madhavan Sachithananthamoorthi ◽  
Sivaraman Thirumalaikumarasamy ◽  
Ezhilarasu Ramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
School Children ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Background: Hypertension is considered as a major health issue in developed as well as developing countries and its possible origin during childhood prompts pediatricians to routinely include measurement of blood pressure (BP) as an integral part of pediatric physical examination. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the normal range of blood pressure in adolescent school going students of 12-16 years, prevalence of hypertension and relationship of BP with variables like age, body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic status and family history of hypertension.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken for a period of one year in adolescent school children in age groups between 12-16 years. Detailed clinical examination was done in 1060 adolescent school children and BP was recorded in right upper limb and correlation of BP with BMI, family history of hypertension and diabetes were studied.Results: Mean systolic and diastolic pressure showed linear relationship with age. There was a highly statistically significant difference between mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure between lower and middle socio-economic class. Prevalence of obesity in our study was 1.13%, overweight was 7.83%. Prevalence of hypertension in obese children was 33.33% and in overweight children 18.07%. Family history of hypertension and diabetes carry a significant correlation with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adolescents.Conclusions: This study revealed that socio economic factors play a significant role in determining the blood pressure of the individual. Children of middle class have significantly elevated mean systolic pressure and mean diastolic pressure than low socio-economic groups. 

scholarly journals Body mass index and associations of sodium and potassium with blood pressure in INTERSALT.

Hypertension ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (6_pt_1) ◽  
pp. 729-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Dyer ◽  
P Elliott ◽  
M Shipley ◽  
R Stamler ◽  
J Stamler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Grape juice and aerobic exercise on blood pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 987-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Barroso Leal ◽  
Juçara Barroso Leal ◽  
Joaline Barroso Portela Leal ◽  
Yan de Lima Borges ◽  
Maria Ivone Leal de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Before And After

Purpose This paper aims to verify the effect of 12 weeks of grape juice (GJ) consumption associated with aerobic exercise on the variation of the hypertensive elderly pressure. Design/methodology/approach A total of 45 hypertensive elderly of both sexes were distributed into: control group (CG, n = 10), exercise group (EG, n = 10), juice group (JG, n = 12) and juice and exercise group (JEG, n = 13). Blood pressure and heart rate were checked weekly before exercise in JG and JEG, and before and after intervention in all groups, with JG and JEG supplemented with 200 mL of GJ. Three weekly sessions of moderate walking were applied. Findings There was a reduction in EG, JG and JEG for systolic pressure and diastolic only for JG and JEG. The GJ consumption to the practice of aerobic exercise provided reductions in the arterial pressure of hypertensive, in addition to stabilization of the diastolic pressure. Research limitations/implications Although the objective of the study was to compare the effect and value of intervention with controls, the study had no intervention in food consumption, which could have led to more significant results. There was a limitation in the control drink, leading the study not to be blind, which may have impaired the results. However, it is probably not a bias, as the groups were divided by residence area, and therefore, had no direct contact with the other groups. Another limitation was that the sample size was still small, which would lead to more reliable results. Finally, although the existing limitations cannot be disregarded, the results of this research are very promising, especially when the objective is the effect of GJ and aerobic exercise on blood pressure, with the possibility of implementing supplemental GJ and the inclusion or not of exercise to the hypertensive elderly. Originality/value The paper deals with the benefits of GJ consumption associated with aerobic physical exercise on the blood pressure of elderly hypertensive patients. Considering that GJ along with physical exercise was enough to reduce the blood pressure of hypertensive elderly, this may be a new model to be used to reduce and/or control blood pressure, and GJ and the exercise to be part of the daily life of the population.

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