Arterial Plasma Histamine after Exercise in Normal Individuals and in Patients with Exercise-Induced Asthma

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. R. Hartley ◽  
T. J. Charles ◽  
R. D. H. Monie ◽  
A. Seaton ◽  
W. H. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Plasma Histamine ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Arterial Plasma ◽  
Exercise Induced

1. Arterial plasma histamine concentrations, forced expiratory volume in 1.0 s (FEV1.0) and peak expiratory flow rate were determined in nine patients with exercise-induced asthma and in five control subjects before and after 8 min of cycle-ergometer exercise. 2. In the controls neither FEV1.0 nor peak expiratory flow rate fell by more than 5% in any individual during the 30 min postexercise period. The asthmatic patients all experienced a fall in FEV1.0 or peak expiratory flow rate, or both, of 15% or more in the period 5–20 min after completion of the exercise. 3. There was no difference between the control subjects and the asthmatic patients in the plasma histamine response to exercise. In both groups there was an insignificant rise of about 40% during exercise, although the initial levels were higher in the asthmatic patients. 4. The mean plasma histamine peak of the asthmatic patients preceded the mean maximal fall of FEV1.0 and peak expiratory flow rate by approximately 15 min. However, no positive correlation was found between rise in, or peak, plasma histamine levels and decrease in lung function. 5. Three non-atopic asthmatic patients had a significantly higher mean plasma histamine concentration during exercise than had the atopic subjects. 6. A strong positive correlation in asthmatic patients, and asthmatic and control subjects together was found between age and mean postexercise plasma histamine concentrations. 7. The results do not support a direct role for histamine in the production of exercise-induced asthma.

Relationship between Plasma Cortisol and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Exercise-Induced Asthma and the Effect of Sodium Cromoglycate

1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-541
Author(s):  
P. Jaffe ◽  
P. König ◽  
O. Ijaduola ◽  
S. Walker ◽  
S. Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Exercise Induced

1. The changes in peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) and plasma cortisol were studied in relation to a 6 min period of treadmill running in six normal and eighteen asthmatic subjects. Of the asthmatics patients, five were not receiving treatment with steroids, six were receiving low doses of steroids (under 7·5 mg of prednisone daily) and seven were receiving high doses of steroids (over 7·5 mg of prednisone daily) at the time of study. 2. All subjects were studied twice within 1 week at similar times of day, once after premedication with sodium cromoglycate (SCG) and once after a placebo. 3. Resting PEF and plasma cortisol did not differ between placebo and SCG tests. 4. No change in PEF occurred as a result of exercise in the control subjects. The asthmatic patients developed post-exercise bronchoconstriction which was partly prevented by SCG but was not affected by steroids. 5. Plasma cortisol rose after exercise in the asthmatic subjects but not in the control subjects. The rise may have been related to the stress of exercise-induced asthma. SCG had no significant effect on plasma cortisol after exercise.

scholarly journals PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE;

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 099-102
Author(s):  
SALMAN AYYAZ ◽  
M. AZAM MUSHTAQ ◽  
SHAKEEL AHMED KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cotton Dust ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Male Subjects

Objective: To ascertain the effects of cotton dust on the peak expiratory flow of cotton mill workers in comparison with thehealthy controls who never exposure to the cotton dust. Setting: Outpatient Department of Pulmonology, Nishtar Hospital, Multan.Period: August 2011 to March 2012. Material and methods: A total of 200 male subjects (100 healthy controls and 100 cotton millworkers) who strictly met the inclusion criteria were selected from the OPD. Results: The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) (L/min) ofcotton mill workers was significantly lower as compared to the control subjects and this impairment was directly proportional to theduration of exposure to the cotton dust in the mail. Conclusions: It was concluded from the study that the peak expiratory flow rate wasdecreased in the cotton mill workers.

Circulating histamine and eosinophil cationic protein levels in nocturnal asthma

1992 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Thomas MacKay ◽  
Carol Walters ◽  
Po-Chun Tai ◽  
Martin K. Church ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Eosinophil Cationic Protein ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cationic Protein ◽  
Nocturnal Asthma ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Expiratory Flow

1. To investigate the role of mast cells and eosinophils in the pathogenesis of nocturnal asthma, the plasma methylhistamine concentration, serum eosinophil cationic protein level and peak expiratory flow rate were measured 2-hourly for 24 h in 10 patients with nocturnal asthma and in 10 healthy control subjects. Nocturnal asthma was defined as at least one nocturnal awakening per week due to cough, wheeze or breathlessness with an average overnight fall in peak expiratory flow rate of at least 15% during a 2-week run-in period. 2. The lowest peak expiratory flow rate occurred at 02.00–04.00 hours in the group with nocturnal asthma, whose overnight fall in peak expiratory flow rate was 29 ± 5% in comparison with 5 ± 1% (means ± sem) in the normal subjects. 3. Plasma methylhistamine levels at night (0.200–04.00 hours) were lower than during the day (10.00–20.00 hours) in both asthmatic patients and normal subjects (asthmatic patients: day, median 0.22 ng/ml, 95% confidence intervals 0.18–0.34 ng/ml; night, 0.17 ng/ml, 0.13–0.24 ng/ml; P<0.01; normal subjects: day, 0.31 ng/ml, 0.24–0.41 ng/ml; night, 0.24 ng/ml, 0.21–0.33 ng/ml; P<0.01). 4. The serum eosinophil cationic protein level was higher by day (30 ng/ml, 8–47 ng/ml) than by night (21 ng/ml, 5–34 ng/ml; P<0.04) in the group with nocturnal asthma, but did not change significantly with the time of day in the normal subjects (day: 8 ng/ml, 4–14 ng/ml; night: 8 ng/ml, 5–21 ng/ml). 5. Peripheral blood eosinophil counts fell in the early morning in the patients with nocturnal asthma (day: 0.52 × 109/l, 0.14–0.76 × 109/l; night: 0.29 × 109/l, 0.13–0.57 × 109/l; P= 0.03), but did not change significantly in the normal subjects. 6. This study indicates that a rise in plasma histamine concentration is not a prerequisite for nocturnal asthma.

Comparison of Inhaled Metaproterenol via Metered-dose and Hand-held Nebulization in Prehospital Treatment of Bronchospasm

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Rottman ◽  
Nancy E. Robinson ◽  
Marvin L. Birnbaum
Keyword(s):  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Dose Inhaler ◽  
Metered Dose Inhaler ◽  
Metered Dose ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Expiratory Flow

AbstractIntroduction:Although the efficacy of the administration of beta-adrenergic bronchodilators has been demonstrated, the best method available for the delivery of these drugs in the prehospital setting has not been defined. This paper compares the effects of administration of metaproterenol when administered by paramedics using either a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) or a hand-held nebulizer (HHN).Hypothesis:There is no difference in the effects produced in patients suffering from smooth bronchiolar muscle spasm by metaproterenol when delivered either by a standard metered-dose inhaler or with a hand-held nebulizer.Participants:Consecutive prehospital patients complaining of difficulty breathing with clinical evidence of bronchospasm and with a history of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or emphysema who were not in extremis.Methods:Prior to the administration of metaproterenol, a peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was obtained. This measurement was repeated five minutes following the conclusion of the administration of metaproterenol. Patients in Burbank, California, received the treatment using a standard metered-dose inhaler, and those in Madison, Wisconsin, received the drug using a hand-held nebulizer. Peak expiratory flow rates were compared using Student's t-tests with Bonferroni's correction. Statistical significance was set at p <0.05.Results:Data were collected from 36 consecutive patients by the paramedics of the Burbank Fire Department and from 32 consecutive patients by the paramedics of the Madison Fire Department. For the metered-dose inhaler group, the mean value for peak expiratory flow rate for the pre-treatment test was 95.4 ±88.1 1/min, and after treatment was 109.4 ±89.3 1/min (p <0.001). For the hand-held nebulizer group, the mean value for peak expiratory flow rate before the administration of the metaproterenol was 96.1 ±76.3 1/min and following the treatment was 149.1 ±92.9 1/min (p <0.001). The mean values for the differences between the control peak expiratory flow rate and the post-treatment peak expiratory flow rate for the metered-dose inhaler group was +14.0 ±27.4 1/min, and for the hand-held nebulizer group was +53.0 ±69.1 1/min (p <0.003).Conclusions:In the prehospital setting the administration of metaproterenol using a hand-held nebulizer is more effective than delivering the drug using a metered-dose inhaler. The hand-held nebulizer is easier to use and delivers a higher dose of the drug than is convenient using the metered-dose inhaler.

scholarly journals Variation of Body Mass Index and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate among Medical Students of CMH Lahore Medical College

Esculapio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Objective: To find out the variation of body mass index and peak expiratory flow rate among medical students of Combined Military Hospital, Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted by undergraduate students of CMH, at CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry in September 2019 after Ethical approval from the Ethical Review Committee of the same institution. There were 138 1st year medical students. Demographic profiles of all the students were taken and height, weight, BMI, PEFR were measured. Participants were classified on the basis of their BMI values. Underweight (BMI<18.5), normal weight (18.5≤ BMI≤ 24.9), overweight (25≤ BM≤ 29.9), and obese (BMI≥ 30). Correlational tests were applied to find out any statistically significant correlations. A p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean BMI in females was 23.16±6.01 corresponding with that of mean PEFR value 325.23±62.30 whereas in males the mean BMI was 22.65±3.11 corresponding with that of mean PEFR value 433.97±101.84. There is a statistically significant variation in PEFR with gender (r=0.540, p=0.001) which can be explained on ethnic backgrounds. Males had a higher PEFR than females. However, there was no significant correlation between BMI and PEFR. Also, gender was not related to BMI. Conclusion: In our study, PEFR is not affected by variation in BMI. However, gender is associated with PEFR. Males have a higher PEFR than females. This can be explained on the basis of ethnicity. BMI is not associated with gender. A large sample size with more accurate calculation of PEFR is needed for better evaluation. Keywords: Obesity and lung function, PEFR and BMI, BMI and gender How to cite: Ijaz F, Hafeez F, Bashir I, Aftab RK, Malik SA.Variation of body mass index and peak expiratory flow rate among medical students of CMH Lahore medical college. J SIMS Esculapio.2021;17(1):100-103

Effectiveness of Nebulized Magnesium Sulphate as an Adjuvant Therapy (With Salbutamol) in the Management of Acute Asthma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Acute Asthma ◽  
Asthma Treatment ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Asthma Exacerbations ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Background: Although the treatment of acute asthma in the emergency department varies, the administration of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is usually recommended adjacent to corticosteroids and bronchodilators. This study aims to ascertain the influence of inhaled MgSO4 as complement treatment with salbutamol regarding treatment of urgent asthma exacerbations. Methods: A single-blind randomized control study was carried out, from 1st January 2017 to 30th June 2017, involving asthmatic patients presenting to Ziauddin Hospital and Jinnah Hospital in Karachi, with severe acute asthma exacerbations. The Sealed Envelope calculator was used to calculate a sample size of 84 patients, and data was collected through non-probability consecutive sampling. Both batches were administered salbutamol and ipratropium, with Batch A patients also receiving nebulization with MgSO4. Dyspnea, respiratory rate, pulse, peak expiratory flow rate, and oxygen saturation were recorded for each participant. An independent sample t-test was used to assess the effectiveness of MgSO4, as a significant means of improving asthma treatment, with a p<0.05 interpreted as significant. Results: A sum of 115 patients was included in the research, out of which 63.5% had a family history of asthma. Treatment with MgSO4 was seen as significant (p<0.01). MgSO4 administration showed significant improvement in mean pulse rate (p = 0.001), peak expiratory flow rate (p = 0.004) and mean respiratory rate (p = 0.003), as compared to treatment with salbutamol only. Conclusion: Treatment outcomes between the two groups differed significantly. Intervention with MgSO4 showed significant improvement in pulse rate, respiratory rate, dyspnea, and peak flow, without any observed side effects.

scholarly journals PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE IN SEDENTARY POPULATION: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Yogyata I. Bhardwaj ◽  
Archana K. Nagargoje ◽  
Abhijit D. Diwate
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Sedentary Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
The Relationship

Background- To date there are very few studies evaluating the relationship between sedentary behaviour and pulmonary function in a population who works for more than half a day i.e. 6-8hrs continuously in front of technologies (mainly desk jobs) with no sign of physical activities. Hence the aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a sedentary lifestyle on peak expiratory flow rate. METHOD- The study was conducted on 75 desk job workers, males and females of age group 30-45 years working for 6-8 hours without physical activity. Analysis of their lung function capacity was done by PEFR. RESULT-It is seen that there is a significant difference in the predicted and obtained values of PEFR in both genders. The mean predicted value of PEFR in females is 416.04±25.72 and the mean obtained value of PEFR is 284.7±72.84. In males the mean predicted value of PEFR is 542.6±23.33 and the mean obtained value of PEFR is 396.2±80.6. It shows that the sedentary lifestyle with physical inactivity affects the PEFR values CONCLUSION-Regular exercise in terms of physical activity is essential for every individual with a sedentary lifestyle to overcome health problems and improve their pulmonary functions.  

EFFECT OF BODY MASS INDEX ON PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Subramanyam ◽  
Dr. P. Subhash Babu
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Group B

Obesity has become one of the major health issues in India. WHO defines obesity as “A condition with excessive fat accumulation in the body to the extent that the health and wellbeing are adversely affected”. Obesity results from a complex interaction of genetic, behavioral, environmental and socioeconomic factors causing an imbalance in energy production and expenditure. Peak expiratory flow rate is the maximum rate of airflow that can be generated during forced expiratory manoeuvre starting from total lung capacity. The simplicity of the method is its main advantage. It is measured by using a standard Wright Peak Flow Meter or mini Wright Meter. The aim of the study is to see the effect of body mass index on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate values in young adults. The place of a study was done tertiary health care centre, in India for the period of 6 months. Study was performed on 80 subjects age group 20 -30 years, categorised as normal weight BMI =18.5 -24.99 kg/m2 and overweight BMI =25-29.99 kg/m2. There were 40 normal weight BMI (Group A) and 40 over weight BMI (Group B). BMI affects PEFR. Increase in BMI decreases PEFR. Early identification of risk individuals prior to the onset of disease is imperative in our developing country. Keywords: BMI, PEFR.

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