Characteristics of Renal Handling of Human Immunoglobulin Light Chain by the Perfused Rat Kidney

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Falconer Smith ◽  
R. I. Van Hegan ◽  
M. P. Esnouf ◽  
B. D. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Light Chain ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Human Immunoglobulin ◽  
Light Chains ◽  
Immunoglobulin Light Chain ◽  
Renal Handling ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. The renal handling of purified human immunoglobulin light chain has been studied with an isolated perfused rat kidney preparation. 2. Human immunoglobulin light chain was freely filtered and largely reabsorbed. Fractional reabsorption was characteristic for each of four light chains and varied between 56% and 86%. No renal tubular maximum for human light chain was obtained. 3. Light chains at concentrations up to 10 times those seen in human myeloma were without effect on glomerular filtration rate or sodium and potassium reabsorption in experiments lasting up to 2h. 4. Filtered and reabsorbed light chain returned ultimately to the perfusion medium, indicating a unique property of the tubular handling of this protein. None of the inhibitors tested (ouabain, frusemide, acetazolamide, probenicid) influenced light chain reabsorption. 5. The results are taken to indicate that light chain reaches the site of the transport enzyme, Na+, K+−dependent ATPase, at concentrations which vary with the nature of the light chain. This may provide a mechanism for renal damage in patients with myeloma, after prolonged exposure.

Characteristics of Renal Handling of Human Light Chain by the Perfused Rat Kidney

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 3P-3P
Author(s):  
J. F. Falconer Smith ◽  
R. I. van Hegan ◽  
M. P. Esnouf ◽  
B. D. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Light Chain ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Renal Handling ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney

Tubular reabsorption rates for myoglobin in the isolated perfused rat kidney

1986 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Ratcliffe ◽  
M. P. Esnouf ◽  
J. G. G. Ledingham
Keyword(s):  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Immunoglobulin Light Chain ◽  
Renal Handling ◽  
Water Excretion ◽  
Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Saturation Kinetics ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Kinetics Of

1. The renal handling of myoglobin has been studied in the isolated perfused rat kidney. 2. Myoglobin was freely filtered. Reabsorption by the renal tubules showed saturation kinetics with a relatively low maximum rate of reabsorption (Tmax) of 27-30 μg min−1 g−1 wet wt. at a perfusate concentration of 70-80 μg/ml. Myoglobin reabsorption is therefore much less than that reported for immunoglobulin light chain or lysozyme in this model. 3. Large increases in sodium and water excretion produced by omission of oncotic agent from the perfusate did not alter the kinetics of myoglobin reabsorption. 4. The use of bovine serum albumin as oncotic agent in the perfusate prevented the tubular reabsorption of myoglobin. Small amounts of albumin are filtered by the isolated perfused kidney and it is postulated that this albumin interferes with tubular reabsorption of myoglobin.

Glomerular and tubular handling of differently charged human immunoglobulin light chains by the rat kidney

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Baylis ◽  
James Falconer-Smith ◽  
Brian Ross
Keyword(s):  
Light Chain ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Light Chains ◽  
Renal Handling ◽  
Charge Dependence ◽  
Intact Kidney

1. To examine the effect of charge and molecular size on the renal handling of immunoglobulin light chain, three different human light chains were purified, iodinated and characterized with regard to molecular weight and isoelectric point. The molecular weights were similar, whereas the isoelectric points ranged from markedly cationic to markedly anionic. 2. Renal handling of the light chains was determined in vivo in the Munich–Wistar rat and in vitro in the isolated perfused rat kidney. 3. Significant restriction to the transglomerular passage of all three light chains was evident in the intact kidney, with the most anionic light chain being restricted most while the cationic light chain was restricted least. The charge dependence of filtration of these naturally occurring proteins was, however, much less pronounced than has previously been reported for the synthetic dextrans. 4. Tubular reabsorption of the three light chains was quite variable in the intact kidney and did not appear to be related to molecular charge. In the isolated perfused kidney, once account had been taken of the abnormally high rate of filtration of these proteins, the reabsorption of the three light chains was strikingly similar to that seen in vivo. 5. With these three purified human light chains no marked influence of charge (pI) has been demonstrated in vivo or in vitro, for glomerular restriction or renal tubular reabsorption. Some other properties of human myeloma light chains may determine their renal handling and nephrotoxicity.

Nephrotoxicity induced by the venom of Hypnale hypnale from Sri Lanka: Studies on isolated perfused rat kidney and renal tubular cell lines

Toxicon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Mauren Villalta ◽  
Tiago Lima Sampaio ◽  
Ramon Róseo Paula Pessoa Bezerra de Menezes ◽  
Dânya Bandeira Lima ◽  
Antônio Rafael Coelho Jorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Tubular Cell ◽  
Renal Tubular Cell ◽  
Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Renal Tubular

Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide on isolated perfused rat kidney

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (5) ◽  
pp. E494-E497 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Rosa ◽  
P. Silva ◽  
J. S. Stoff ◽  
F. H. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Rectal Gland ◽  
Renal Nerves ◽  
Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Fractional Excretion Of Sodium ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Renal Tubular

Vasoactive intestinal peptide, a polypeptide neurotransmitter, stimulates salt secretion by the mammalian intestine and the rectal gland of the dogfish shark. Because of the recent identification of vasoactive intestinal peptide in renal nerves, the present study was undertaken to investigate its effects on the isolated perfused rat kidney. The addition of vasoactive intestinal peptide to the recirculating perfusate produced a significant increase in urine volume, fractional excretion of sodium, chloride, and potassium, as well as osmolar clearance when compared with control kidneys. These changes associated with addition of vasoactive intestinal peptide occurred without any significant changes in perfusion flow, renal vascular resistance, or inulin clearance. These experiments strongly suggest an action of vasoactive intestinal peptide on renal tubular reabsorption.

Cystine and lysine reabsorption in the isolated perfused rat kidney

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (5) ◽  
pp. F901-F908
Author(s):  
K. A. Roby ◽  
S. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Isolated Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Transport Studies ◽  
Perfused Rat Kidney ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

Renal tubular reabsorption of cystine and lysine were studied in the isolated perfused rat kidney to bridge the gap between in vivo clearance studies, and in vitro transport studies of tubule fragments, cells, and brush-border membranes. Lysine was reabsorped by a saturable transport system shared by the dibasics. Cystine was also reabsorbed by a saturable transport system, which was shared in part by the dibasics (maximum inhibition 30%). The lysine threshold (Fmin) was 0.9 mumol.min-1.g-1, with a tubular maximum (TM) of 2.4 mumol.min-1.g-1. The cystine Fmin was 0.06 mumol.min-1.g-1; the TM could not be estimated because it was above the limit of cystine solubility. There was no evidence of cystine ,secretion.- The gamma-glutamyltransferase inhibitor, AT-125, decreased cystine excretion, but only in the presence of glutathione, glycine, glutamate, and the diabasic amino acids. This suggests that cystine from glutathione degradation at the brush border may contribute to urinary cystine (an explanation of the phenomenon of cystine secretion), but only under certain conditions.

One siRNA pool targeting the λ constant region stops λ light-chain production and causes terminal endoplasmic reticulum stress

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 123 (22) ◽  
pp. 3440-3451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Zhou ◽  
Xun Ma ◽  
Lakshmanan Iyer ◽  
Chakra Chaulagain ◽  
Raymond L. Comenzo
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Light Chains ◽  
Constant Region ◽  
Immunoglobulin Light Chain ◽  
Heavy Chains ◽  
Key Points

Key PointsImmunoglobulin light-chain and antibody production by plasma cells is significantly reduced by siRNA for the light-chain constant region. In plasma cells making intact antibodies, knockdown of light chains can cause terminal ER stress because of unpaired heavy chains.

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