Tonin–Angiotensin II System in Hypertension

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 183s-186s ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Boucher ◽  
R. Garcia ◽  
J. Gutkowska ◽  
S. Demassieux ◽  
J. Genest
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Renovascular Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Single Intravenous Administration

1. A single intravenous administration of rabbit tonin antiserum into one-kidney one-clip hypertensive rats restored blood pressure to normal in seven out of ten animals. There was little change in blood pressure in two-kidney one-clip hypertensive, uninephrectomized or sham-operated rats. 2. Infusion of tonin in control rats did not modify arterial blood pressure. However, in indomethacin salt-treated rats a marked increase in arterial blood pressure was observed under tonin infusion. 3. Plasma tonin activity was significantly increased in human essential and renovascular hypertension. 4. These findings strongly suggest that tonin is important in the maintenance of high blood pressure. However, other factors (possibly prostaglandins and sodium) have to be modified in order to activate the tonin—angiotensin II system.

Effect of Antitonin on Blood Pressure in the One-Kidney Hypertensive Rat

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Garcia ◽  
R. Boucher ◽  
J. Gutkowska ◽  
K. Kondo ◽  
S. Demassieux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Submaxillary Gland ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Contralateral Kidney ◽  
Submaxillary Glands ◽  
The One ◽  
Single Intravenous Administration

1. The tonin concentration of saliva and submaxillary glands was studied in one-clip hypertensive rats with or without the contralateral kidney. 2. Salivary tonin concentration was elevated in one-kidney hypertensive rats, but not in one-kidney normotensive or two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats. In contrast, an elevated submaxillary gland tonin concentration was found only in uninephrectomized animals, whether normotensive or hypertensive. 3. A single intravenous administration of rabbit tonin antiserum into one-kidney hypertensive rats restored blood pressure to normal in seven out of ten animals. There was little change in blood pressure in two-kidney, one-clip hypertensive, uninephrectomized or sham-operated rats. 4. These findings suggest a connection between the physiology of the kidney and of the submaxillary gland in the rat, and indicate that tonin may play a significant role in maintaining high blood pressure in one-kidney hypertensive animals.

scholarly journals The captopril and eprosartan influence on hemodynamic parameters in rats with renovascular hypertension

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
K. E. Gavrikov ◽  
N. S. Rubanova ◽  
R. S. Chrustaleva ◽  
V. A. Tsyrlin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Renovascular Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Baroreceptor Reflex ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Vasorenal Hypertension

The aim of this investigation is the comparison of captopril and eprosartane influence on the level blood pressure, its variability and baroreceptor reflex in normal rats and rats with vasorenal hypertension. It was shown that hypertensive rats had higher level of blood pressure, heart rate and its variability than normotensive rats. There was no relationship between arterial blood pressure and its variability in normal as well as hypertensive rats. Captopril decreased blood pressure and had no effect on variability of blood pressure. In rats with renovascular hypertension an increased baroreflex and decreased variability of heart rate was note. Eprosartan, as well as captopril, decreased blood pressure, but increased variability of blood pressure in rats with hypertension.

Cardiovascular Effects of Micromeria graeca (L.) Benth. ex Rchb in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1253-1261
Author(s):  
Mourad Akdad ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Arterial Blood

Aims: The present study was performed in order to analyze the antihypertensive activity of Micromeria graeca (L.) Benth. ex Rchb. Background: Micromeria graeca (L.) Benth. ex Rchb is an aromatic and medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. This herb is used to treat various pathologies such as cardiovascular disorders. Meanwhile, its pharmacological effects on the cardiovascular system have not been studied. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of aerial parts of Micromeria graeca (AEMG) on the cardiovascular system in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Methods: In this study, the cardiovascular effect of AEMG was evaluated using in vivo and in vitro investigations. In order to assess the acute effect of AEMG on the cardiovascular system, anesthetized L-NAME-hypertensive and normotensive rats received AEMG (100 mg/kg) orally and arterial blood pressure parameters were monitored during six hours. In the sub-chronic study, rats were orally treated for one week, followed by blood pressure assessment during one week of treatment. Blood pressure was measured using a tail-cuff and a computer-assisted monitoring device. In the second experiment, isolated rat aortic ring pre-contracted with Epinephrine (EP) or KCl was used to assess the vasorelaxant effect of AEMG. Results: Oral administration of AEMG (100 mg/kg) provoked a decrease of arterial blood pressure parameters in hypertensive rats. In addition, AEMG induced a vasorelaxant effect in thoracic aortic rings pre-contracted with EP (10 μM) or KCl (80 mM). This effect was attenuated in the presence of propranolol and methylene blue. While in the presence of glibenclamide, L-NAME, nifedipine or Indomethacin, the vasorelaxant effect was not affected. Conclusion: This study showed that Micromeria graeca possesses a potent antihypertensive effect and relaxes the vascular smooth muscle through β-adrenergic and cGMP pathways.

PS 07-29 FLAVONE DERIVATIVE, CSH-3-124 DECREASES ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE THROUGH INHIBITION OF ANGIOTENSIN II

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. e291
Author(s):  
Seon-Ah Jin ◽  
Hee jung Seo ◽  
Sun Kyeong Kim ◽  
Gyu Yong Song ◽  
Jin-Ok Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Flavone Derivative

scholarly journals REDUCTION OF ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AND ANIMALS WITH EXTRACTS OF KIDNEYS

1941 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irvine H. Page ◽  
O. M. Helmer ◽  
K. G. Kohlstaedt ◽  
P. J. Fouts ◽  
G. F. Kempf
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Malignant Hypertension ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Mean Pressure ◽  
Activity Loss ◽  
Experimental Stage

1. Extracts of kidneys have been prepared containing a substance which lowers arterial blood pressure for prolonged periods in patients with essential and malignant hypertension, and in hypertensive dogs and rats. 2. Several different chemical procedures are proposed for the preparation of the extract. The best one has not been decided upon. 3. The quantity of original fresh whole kidney required to yield enough extract to lower blood pressure from hypertensive levels (200 mm. Hg mean pressure) to normal levels is roughly 600 to 900 gm. in dogs within 4 to 8 days. In hypertensive patients the yield from 700 to 1000 gm. daily for several weeks may be necessary. 4. Lowering of the blood pressure too rapidly in animals results in a shock syndrome which may be fatal. If overdosage is avoided, no appreciable rise in blood urea nitrogen occurs, nor do other signs of toxicity appear. 5. Lowering of blood pressure to nearly normal levels has been accomplished in 60 hypertensive dogs, and in some of these it has been allowed to rise and was again reduced as many as five times. Similar results have been obtained with hypertensive rats. 6. Six patients with essential hypertension have been treated resulting in prolonged reduction of blood pressure. Clinically the patients appear improved. 7. Five patients with malignant hypertension have been treated, with reduction of the blood pressure in all instances. One patient was treated despite urea clearance of 5 per cent of normal. His blood pressure was sharply reduced, but death in uremia occurred. The second patient also exhibited sharp reduction of pressure and died after treatment was discontinued. The other three are much improved after treatment, as indicated by increase in vision and mental activity, loss of dyspnea, improvement in the electrocardiogram, etc. 8. The length of time the blood pressure remains lowered varies greatly in both animals and man. The trend is usually upwards after discontinuing treatment for 4 to 6 days. 9. Increasing experience with this treatment suggests that it is of value in the management of hypertension, but it is yet in the experimental stage.

Role of arteria baroreceptor input on thirst and urinary responses to intracerebroventricular angiotensin II

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (3) ◽  
pp. R591-R595 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Thunhorst ◽  
S. J. Lewis ◽  
A. K. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Endogenous Formation

Intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion of angiotensin II (ANG II) in rats elicits greater water intake under hypotensive, compared with normotensive, conditions. The present experiments used sinoaortic baroreceptor-denervated (SAD) rats and sham-operated rats to examine if the modulatory effects of arterial blood pressure on water intake in response to icv ANG II are mediated by arterial baroreceptors. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was raised or lowered by intravenous (i.v.) infusions of phenylephrine (1 or 10 micrograms.kg-1 x min-1) or minoxidil (25 micrograms.kg-1 x min-1), respectively. The angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril (0.33 mg/min) was infused i.v. to prevent the endogenous formation of ANG II during testing. Urinary excretion of water and solutes was measured throughout. Water intake elicited by icv ANG II was inversely related to changes in MAP. Specifically, rats drank more water in response to icv ANG II when MAP was reduced by minoxidil but drank less water when MAP was elevated by phenylephrine. The influence of changing MAP on the icv ANG II-induced drinking responses was not affected by SAD. These results suggest that the modulatory effects of arterial blood pressure on icv ANG II-induced drinking can occur in the absence of sinoaortic baroreceptor input.

5-HT2B-receptor antagonist LY-272015 is antihypertensive in DOCA-salt-hypertensive rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (3) ◽  
pp. H944-H952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie W. Watts ◽  
Gregory D. Fink
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Salt Hypertension

We previously demonstrated a change in the receptors mediating 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-induced contraction in arteries of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt-hypertensive rats. Specifically, contraction to 5-HT is mediated primarily by 5-HT2A receptors in arteries from normotensive sham rats and by both 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors in arteries from hypertensive rats. We hypothesized that the 5-HT2B receptor may play a role in maintaining the high blood pressure of DOCA-salt-hypertensive rats, and herein we provide data connecting in vitro and in vivo findings. The endothelium-denuded isolated superior mesenteric artery of DOCA-salt rats displayed a marked increase in maximum contraction to the newly available 5-HT2B-receptor agonist BW-723C86 compared with that of arteries from sham rats, confirming that the 5-HT2B receptor plays a greater role in 5-HT-induced contraction in arteries from DOCA-salt rats. In chronically instrumented rats, the 5-HT2B-receptor antagonist LY-272015 (0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/kg iv at 30-min intervals) was given cumulatively 1 time/wk during 4 wk of continued DOCA-salt treatment. LY-272015 did not reduce blood pressure of the sham-treated rats at any time or dose. However, LY-272015 (1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg) significantly reduced mean blood pressure in a subgroup of week 3 (−20 mmHg) and week 4 DOCA-salt (−40 mmHg) rats that had extremely high blood pressure (mean arterial blood pressure ∼200 mmHg). Blockade of 5-HT2Breceptors by in vivo administration of LY-272015 (3.0 mg/kg) was verified by observing reduced 5-HT-induced contraction in rat stomach fundus, the tissue from which the 5-HT2B receptor was originally cloned. These data support the novel hypothesis that 5-HT2B-receptor expression is induced during the development of DOCA-salt hypertension and contributes to the maintenance of severe blood pressure elevations.

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