Coeliac Disease: The Abolition of Gliadin Toxicity by Enzymes from Aspergillus Niger

1977 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Phelan ◽  
Fiona M. Stevens ◽  
B. McNicholl ◽  
P. F. Fottrell ◽  
C. F. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Primary Structure ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Brush Border Enzymes ◽  
Mucosal Morphology

1. Gliadin from which carbohydrate was removed by treatment with carbohydrase from Aspergillus niger was fed to three coeliac patients in remission. 2. Xylose absorption, mucosal morphology and brush-border enzymes were used to assess the toxicity of the carbohydrase-treated gliadin. 3. Gliadin treated with carbohydrases did not damage the intestinal mucosa of the coeliac patients. 4. The primary structure of the gliadin proteins was not altered by the enzyme treatment.

scholarly journals Diagnostic and Research Aspects of Small Intestinal Disaccharidases in Coeliac Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Šuligoj ◽  
Paul J. Ciclitira ◽  
Borut Božič
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Brush Border Enzymes ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Small Intestinal

Disaccharidases (DS) are brush border enzymes embedded in the microvillous membrane of small intestinal enterocytes. In untreated coeliac disease (CD), a general decrease of DS activities is seen. This manuscript reviews different aspects of DS activities in CD: their utility in the diagnosis and their application to in vitro toxicity testing. The latter has never been established in CD research. However, with the recent advances in small intestinal organoid techniques, DS might be employed as a biomarker for in vitro studies. This includes establishment of self-renewing epithelial cells raised from tissue, which express differentiation markers, including the brush border enzymes. Determining duodenal DS activities may provide additional information during the diagnostic workup of CD: (i) quantify the severity of the observed histological lesions, (ii) provide predictive values for the grade of mucosal villous atrophy, and (iii) aid diagnosing CD where minor histological changes are seen. DS can also provide additional information to assess the response to a gluten-free diet as marked increase of their activities occurs four weeks after commencing it. Various endogenous and exogenous factors affecting DS might also be relevant when considering investigating the role of DS in other conditions including noncoeliac gluten sensitivity and DS deficiencies.

scholarly journals Brush border enzymes in coeliac disease: histochemical evaluation.

1990 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Mercer ◽  
M E Eagles ◽  
I C Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Enzymes

Different diuresis-dependent excretions of urinary enzymes: N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, alanine aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Jung ◽  
G Schulze ◽  
C Reinholdt
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Excretion Rate ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Brush Border Enzymes ◽  
Urinary Creatinine ◽  
Gamma Glutamyltransferase ◽  
Alanine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Brush Border Enzyme

Abstract We studied how much of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30) and of the brush-border enzymes alanine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2) was excreted in urine over 8 h after a high intake of fluid (22 mL per kilogram of body weight). The hourly excretion of all four enzymes increased with the increasing urine flow rate. The excretion rate of the brush-border enzymes was more markedly influenced than that of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. By relating the enzyme excretion to urinary creatinine we could reduce the variability of brush-border enzyme output and could completely compensate for the effect of diuresis on the excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase.

scholarly journals The primary structure of Aspergillus niger acid proteinase A.

1991 ◽  
Vol 266 (29) ◽  
pp. 19480-19483 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Takahashi ◽  
H. Inoue ◽  
K. Sakai ◽  
T. Kohama ◽  
S. Kitahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Primary Structure ◽  
Acid Proteinase ◽  
Proteinase A

scholarly journals Cocktail of carbohydrases from Aspergillus niger: an economical and eco-friendly option for biofilm clearance from biopolymer surfaces

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arashdeep Kaur ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Soni ◽  
Shania Vij ◽  
Praveen Rishi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Enzyme Cocktail ◽  
Natural Variant

AbstractBiofilm formation on both biotic and abiotic surfaces accounts for a major factor in spread of antimicrobial resistance. Due to their ubiquitous nature, biofilms are of great concern for environment as well as human health. In the present study, an integrated process for the co-production of a cocktail of carbohydrases from a natural variant of Aspergillus niger was designed. The enzyme cocktail was found to have a noteworthy potential to eradicate/disperse the biofilms of selected pathogens. For application of enzymes as an antibiofilm agent, the enzyme productivities were enhanced by statistical modelling using response surface methodology (RSM). The antibiofilm potential of the enzyme cocktail was studied in terms of (i) in vitro cell dispersal assay (ii) release of reducing sugars from the biofilm polysaccharides (iii) the effect of enzyme treatment on biofilm cells and architecture by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Potential of the enzyme cocktail to disrupt/disperse the biofilm of selected pathogens from biopolymer surfaces was also assessed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis. Further, their usage in conjunction with antibiotics was assessed and it was inferred from the results that the use of enzyme cocktail augmented the efficacy of the antibiotics. The study thus provides promising insights into the prospect of using multiple carbohydrases for management of heterogeneous biofilms formed in natural and clinical settings.

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