Effect of Oxprenolol on Catecholamines and Plasma Renin Activity: Acute Response to Frusemide in Hypertensive Patients

1974 ◽  
Vol 48 (s2) ◽  
pp. 85s-88s ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Muiesan ◽  
C. Alicandri ◽  
E. Agabiti Rosei ◽  
M. Motolese ◽  
C. Valori
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Acute Response ◽  
Before And After

1. Catecholamine plasma concentrations and urinary excretion were measured together with plasma renin activity in ten patients with essential hypertension and in five normal control subjects before and after a frusemide challenge. 2. The same procedure was repeated in the same subjects 3–4 days later after pretreatment with oxprenolol. 3. Noradrenaline plasma concentrations and urinary excretion increased significantly after frusemide in all cases, returning to normal values at 30 and 60 min. Adrenaline plasma concentrations and urinary excretion were unchanged. 4. Plasma renin activity increased significantly in seven patients with hypertension and normal renin basal values, remaining unchanged in three hypertensive patients with low-renin basal values. 5. Oxprenolol suppressed the response of noradrenaline and plasma renin activity to frusemide in all cases.

The Effect of Mental Stress on Catecholamines, their Metabolites and Plasma Renin Activity in Patients with Essential Hypertension and in Healthy Subjects

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 229s-231s ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Januszewicz ◽  
M. Sznajderman ◽  
B. Wocial ◽  
T. Feltynowski ◽  
T. Klonowicz
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Vanillylmandelic Acid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Noradrenaline And Adrenaline

1. Ten patients with essential hypertension and ten healthy men were submitted to mental stress consisting of Kraepelin's arithmetic test combined with noise. Concentrations of plasma and urine catecholamines and of their metabolites as well as plasma renin activity before and after the test were studied. 2. In both groups a significant increase of noradrenaline and adrenaline in blood and noradrenaline in urine was observed. The urinary excretion of dopamine fell significantly in both groups after stress. 3. After mental stress a significant increase in urinary excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol was observed in both groups. The excretion of vanillylmandelic acid decreased significantly only in healthy subjects. 4. The plasma renin activity rose significantly in both groups but the increase was more pronounced in healthy subjects.

Plasma Renin in Long-Term Diuretic Treatment of Hypertension: Effect of Discontinuation and Restarting Therapy

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Swart ◽  
R. F. Bing ◽  
J. D. Swales ◽  
H. Thurston
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Diuretic Treatment ◽  
Low Renin Hypertension ◽  
Before And After

1. Plasma renin activity, body weight and blood pressure were measured before and after 7 days' treatment with bendrofluazide in ten hypertensive subjects. They were then treated with bendrofluazide alone (5 mg daily) for a minimum of 3 years. The diuretic was then discontinued and the measurements were repeated before and again after 7 days with bendrofluazide. The results were compared with those obtained before chronic treatment with the diuretic. 2. Chronic diuretic treatment was associated with a persistent and progressive rise in plasma renin activity, that fell promptly to pretreatment levels when diuretics were discontinued. This was associated with significant weight gain but no immediate significant rise in blood pressure. 3. When acutely challenged with bendrofluazide the patients showed a greater increase in plasma renin activity on the second occasion than on the first. Three out of five patients with an initially subnormal response had normal responses after chronic diuretic treatment. 4. Chronic diuretic treatment increased the responsiveness of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in some hypertensive patients. 5. Classification of hypertensive patients into renin subgroups may be influenced by previous therapy, even when that therapy has been discontinued for 4 weeks. In particular ‘low renin hypertension’ may be masked by recent use of diuretics, as shown by three of the five patients in this subgroup in the present study.

Reduced Plasma Renin Activity in Essential Hypertension: Effects of Blood Pressure, Age and Sodium

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (s3) ◽  
pp. 185s-188s ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Thomas ◽  
J. G. G. Ledingham ◽  
L. J. Beilin ◽  
A. N. Stott
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Significant Inverse Relationship ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control

1. Supine plasma renin activity and its responsiveness to erect posture and frusemide were reduced in fifty-one patients with essential hypertension, compared with fifty-one age- and sex-matched control subjects. 2. Twenty-four hour urinary sodium excretion was similar in hypertensive patients and control subjects, but after intravenous frusemide hypertensive patients excreted significantly less sodium. 3. A significant inverse relationship between plasma renin activity and diastolic blood pressure was demonstrated in hypertensive patients and in normotensive control subjects. 4. A significant inverse relationship between plasma renin activity and age, independent of blood pressure, was shown in hypertensive patients and control subjects. 5. It is concluded that the reduced renin values found in essential hypertension are, in part, the result of the elevated blood pressure acting on the kidney.

Plasma Catecholamines and Renin Activity in Response to Exercise in Patients with Essential Hypertension

1975 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-514
Author(s):  
J. Chodakowska ◽  
K. Nazar ◽  
B. Wocial ◽  
M. Jarecki ◽  
B. Skórka
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Control Subjects

1. The effect of physical exercise on blood pressure, plasma catecholamines and plasma renin activity was studied in fourteen patients with essential hypertension and in eight healthy subjects. 2. Resting plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline and plasma renin activity of the hypertensive patients did not differ from those of the control subjects. 3. In response to graded exercise producing successive heart rates of 120, 140 and 160 beats/min, significantly greater increases of blood pressure were found in the patients than in the control subjects. 4. Plasma noradrenaline increased significantly in both groups at all levels of exercise, the responses being significantly greater in the hypertensive patients. 5. The mean arterial blood pressure was significantly correlated with plasma noradrenaline concentration in the control subjects but not in the hypertensive patients. 6. In the hypertensive group plasma adrenaline increased significantly after exercise at all work loads whereas, in the control group, significant increase occurred only at the highest work load. The differences in the response of the two groups were significant at each work load. 7. Plasma renin activity increased significantly after exercise at the heart rate of 120 beats/min, both in the hypertensive patients and in the control subjects. The magnitude of the response was similar in the two groups.

Decrease in α-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Vasoconstriction Parallels the Antihypertensive Response to Propranolol in Patients with Normal Renin Essential Hypertension

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 445s-448s ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Amann ◽  
P. Bolli ◽  
L. Hulthén ◽  
W. Kiowski ◽  
F. R. Bühler
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Adrenaline ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Β Receptor ◽  
Antihypertensive Response ◽  
Propranolol Therapy

1. α1-Adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction was studied before and during propranolol therapy in eight normal renin essential hypertensive patients; four were known ‘responders’ and four, age-matched ‘non-responders’ to previous β-receptor blocker monotherapy. Plasma renin activity, plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations as well as forearm blood flow were measured before and during regional postjunctional α1-adrenoceptor blockade with prazosin. All measurements were done on placebo and again after 6 weeks’ propranolol monotherapy (320 mg/day). 2. Propranolol reduced heart rate and plasma renin activity to the same extent in ‘responders’ and ‘non-responders’. Resting plasma adrenaline concentrations tended to be higher in ‘responders’ before propranolol; they remained unchanged in both groups on propranolol. Plasma noradrenaline concentrations were similar in both groups before and on propranolol. 3. Before propranolol forearm flow was not different in ‘responders’ and ‘non-responders’. Non-specific vasodilatation with sodium nitroprusside produced a similar increase in forearm flow before and after propranolol in both groups. 4. Prazosin-induced increments in forearm flow tended to be higher in ‘responders’ before propranolol. After propranolol the vasodilator effect of prazosin was attenuated in ‘responders’ but it remained unchanged in ‘non-responders’ (P < 0.01). 5. In patients with normal renin essential hypertension the antihypertensive response to propranolol monotherapy is paralleled by a decrease in postjunctional α1-adrenoceptor-mediated vasoconstriction.

Blood Pressure Decrease and Responsiveness to Renin-Releasing Stimuli under Increasing Doses of Propranolol in Patients with Essential Hypertension

1974 ◽  
Vol 48 (s2) ◽  
pp. 77s-79s
Author(s):  
G. Leonetti ◽  
G. Mayer ◽  
A. Morganti ◽  
L. Terzoli ◽  
A. Zanchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Moderate Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
Oral Doses

1. Stepwise increases of oral doses of propranolol produced both a significant lowering of blood pressure and suppression of plasma renin activity in sixteen patients with mild or moderate normal-renin essential hypertension. 2. The hypotensive and the renin-suppressive actions of propranolol were differently related to plasma propranolol concentrations. At the lowest propranolol concentrations (15–40 nmol/l), there was almost no decrease in blood pressure whereas plasma renin activity and responsiveness to renin-releasing stimuli (standing, intravenous frusemide) were already strongly depressed (greater than 50%). Therefore in a large number of normal-renin hypertensive patients under small doses of propranolol, the renin-suppressive action of the drug can be dissociated from the hypotensive effect. Dissociation of the two effects, though in the opposite way, was also observed in three of four low-renin hypertensive patients, whose blood pressure was decreased by propranolol without further reduction of the already suppressed plasma renin activity. 3. It is concluded that in patients with mild and moderate hypertension and low or normal plasma renin activity, the hypotensive effect of propranolol cannot be attributed to suppression of renin activity. These conclusions do not necessarily apply to high-renin hypertensive patients.

Effect of Propranolol Therapy on Aldosterone Responses to Angiotensin II and Adrenocorticotropic Hormone in Essential Hypertension

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Golub ◽  
M. L. Tuck ◽  
D. B. Fittingoff
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Propranolol Therapy

1. The plasma aldosterone responses to exogenous angiotensin II and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were studied before and after 1 month of propranolol therapy (120–240 mg/day) in eight patients with essential hypertension. 2. Basal supine plasma renin activity was decreased (P < 0.001) after propranolol, whereas plasma aldosterone was unchanged. After 3 h of upright posture the increases in both plasma renin activity and aldosterone were decreased (P < 0.05) after propranolol. 3. Plasma aldosterone responses to exogenous angiotensin II and ACTH were not significantly different after propranolol. Serum and urinary electrolytes and plasma cortisol were also unaffected by propranolol therapy. 4. It is concluded that changes in adrenal sensitivity are not responsible for maintaining unchanged supine plasma aldosterone concentrations after β-adrenoceptor antagonism in essential hypertension.

Urinary Kallikrein Excretion and Plasma Renin Activity in Patients with Essential Hypertension and Primary Aldosteronism

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lechi ◽  
G. Covi ◽  
C. Lechi ◽  
A. Corgnati ◽  
E. Arosio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Urinary Kallikrein ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Urinary Kallikrein Excretion ◽  
Low Renin Hypertension

1. The 24 h urinary excretion of kallikrein has been studied in 40 normotensive control subjects and in 74 age-matched patients with essential hypertension under similar conditions. By use of the renin-sodium index, hypertensive patients were divided into two subgroups: low-renin hypertension and normal-renin hypertension patients. Urinary kallikrein determinations were also obtained from six hypertensive patients with primary aldosteronism. 2. Urinary kallikrein was significantly lower both in patients with normal-renin and low-renin essential hypertension. Urinary kallikrein excretion was very high in the patients with primary aldosteronism. 3. In nine hypertensive patients β-adrenoreceptor-blocking therapy caused a significant decrease of plasma renin activity, but had no significant effect on urinary kallikrein excretion. 4. The results support the concept that low urinary kallikrein is likely to be a marker of essential hypertension. Under certain conditions its excretion is positively related to mineralocorticoid hormone concentrations but it is not primarily related to the renin-angiotensin system.

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