Plasma Amino Acids in Experimental Acute Hepatic Failure and Their Relationship to Brain Tryptophan

1974 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Buxton ◽  
D. A. Stewart ◽  
I. M. Murray-Lyon ◽  
G. Curzon ◽  
R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Hepatic Failure ◽  
Acute Hepatic Failure ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Neutral Amino Acids ◽  
Tryptophan Concentration ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Apparent Influence

1. Sixteen plasma amino acids were measured serially in an experimental model of acute hepatic failure produced in the pig by devascularization of the liver. 2. Significant increases in the concentration of glycine, alanine and methionine were observed. 3. Altered concentrations in plasma of neutral amino acids which compete with tryptophan for transport into the brain had no apparent influence on brain tryptophan concentration.

Glucagon-like polypeptide and insulin contents in the brain from acute hepatic failure dogs

1986 ◽  
Vol 186 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Watanabe ◽  
M. Fujiwara ◽  
H. Nagashima
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Failure ◽  
Acute Hepatic Failure ◽  
The Brain

Stimulated amino acid imbalance and histidine transport in rat brain slices

1975 ◽  
Vol 229 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Lutz ◽  
JK Tews ◽  
AE Harper
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
Amino Acid Mixture ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Large Neutral Amino Acids ◽  
Neutral Amino Acids ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Imbalance ◽  
The Brain

Histidine concentration in the brain decreases rapidly when rats are fed a low protein diet in which an amino acid imbalance is created by addition of an amino acid mixture devoid of histidine. Competition for histidine transport into the brain was suggested as an explanation for this effect. Therefore, animo acid mixtures simulating composition of plasma from rats fed basal or histidine-imbalanced diets were added to media to evaluate their effects on uptake of histidine by brain slices during a 60-min incubation period. At the concentrations actually found in plasma, the unbalanced mixture decreased histidine uptake significantly more than did the basal mixture. Two distinct inhibition patterns were observed with different groups of amino acids: a linear decrease in histidine uptake with a mixture of the small neutral, hydroxyl, basic, and acidic amino acids, and a hyperbolic decrease with a mixture of large neutral amino acids, and a hyperbolic decrease with a mixture of large neutral amino acids. Inhibition of histidine transport by the complete mixtures reflected these two effects. Plasma patterns and concentrations of competitive amino acids as well as the concentration of histidine appear to be factors involved in decreasing histidine transport into the brain.

scholarly journals Cerebral Blood Flow and Blood—Brain Influx of Some Neutral Amino Acids in Control and Hypothyroid 16-Day-Old Rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lefauconnier ◽  
P. Lacombe ◽  
G. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Brain Capillary ◽  
Neutral Amino Acids ◽  
Luminal Membrane ◽  
Brain Extraction ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Capillary Endothelial Cells ◽  
Capillary Bed ◽  
The Brain

Rats were made hypothyroid by a daily subcutaneous injection of propylthiouracil beginning the first day after birth. CBF, brain plasma volume, blood–brain extraction, and influx of some neutral amino acids were studied in 16-day-old animals. In hypothyroid rats, the brain plasma volume was decreased by ∼30%. CBF was decreased by >50%. This decrease was the highest in cerebellum. Blood–brain extraction of small neutral amino acids (alanine, serine, cysteine) was greatly enhanced. This greater extraction compensated for the decreased supply of alanine brought about by its decreased plasma concentration and the lower CBF. In contrast, the extraction of the large amino acids tested (leucine, phenylalanine) was hardly increased, and the influx of phenylalanine was slightly decreased. These results suggest an alteration in the maturation of the brain capillary bed and capillary transport for neutral amino acids in hypothyroidism. The differential effect of hypothyroidism on some small and large amino acids is an additional argument for the existence of two systems of transport for neutral amino acids at the luminal membrane of brain capillary endothelial cells of immature rats.

Recovery of Brain Dopamine Metabolism by Branched-chain Amino Acids in Rats With Acute Hepatic Failure

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam Deshpande ◽  
Naoto Adachi ◽  
Keyue Liu ◽  
Atsuko Motoki ◽  
Toshihiko Mitsuyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Hepatic Failure ◽  
Acute Hepatic Failure ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Dopamine Metabolism ◽  
Brain Dopamine ◽  
Branched Chain
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