Diet Treatment of Obese Hypertensives

1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (s1) ◽  
pp. 209s-212s ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Heyden ◽  
H. A. Tyroler ◽  
C. G. Hames ◽  
A. Bartel ◽  
J. W. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Medical Attendant ◽  
Dietary Management ◽  
Diet Treatment ◽  
Overweight Subjects

1. The management of hypertension in overweight subjects has been studied. 2. Sixty-three patients were randomly allocated into a ‘dietary management’ or ‘treatment’ group; the sixty-four controls were told of their hypertension and instructed to seek advice from their usual medical attendant. Reassessment was at 1 year. 3. Treated patients consumed a 700 calorie, 1 g NaCl diet daily. 4. Weight loss was greater in the ‘treated’ group. 5. The average fall of blood pressure was slightly greater in the ‘treated’ group.

scholarly journals A Multiomic Approach to Investigate the Effects of a Weight Loss Program on the Intestinal Health of Overweight Horses

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Walshe ◽  
Raul Cabrera-Rubio ◽  
Roisin Collins ◽  
Antonella Puggioni ◽  
Vivian Gath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sampling Point

Obesity is endemic in human populations in the western society, and with mounting evidence that the intestinal ecological environment plays a major role in its pathogenesis, identification of therapies based on intestinal microbiota modulation are gaining attention. Obesity in companion animals is also a common clinical problem. We set out using a multidimensional approach, to determine the effectiveness and safety of a weight loss program for horses incorporating diet restriction and exercise. In addition, we aimed to investigate the effect of this program on the overall intestinal health of overweight sedentary horses. The investigation comprised of a randomized, controlled, 6-week study of 14 overweight sedentary horses and ponies who were blocked for age, gender, and breed (controls n = 7, treatment n = 7). The treatment group were fed a restricted diet (1.4% of body weight dry matter intake) and the control group a maintenance diet (2% of body weight as dry matter intake) over the study period. The treatment group were subjected to a prescribed exercise regime, while the control group were exercised to mimic foraging conditions. Several clinical measurements were taken at the start and end of the study, including morphological parameters, ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous fat, and blood pressure. Fecal microbiota analysis was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, and fecal metabolome was analyzed using NMR spectroscopy, on samples taken at weeks 1, 3, and 6 of the study. All horses completed the study period successfully. However, two of the treatment group had to have modified exercise regimes. The treatment group showed significant weight loss (p < 0.00001) and an associated decrease in waste circumference (p < 0.0001) when compared with the control group. The alpha-diversity of the fecal microbiota in the treatment group showed a significant increase from the start to the end of the study period (p < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference between groups at any sampling point. There were significant changes (p < 0.05) in the metabolome in both groups between the start and end of the study, but not between groups at any sampling point. Finally, the resting blood pressure of all horses was significantly lower by the end of the study.

Abstract P014: 1,3-butanediol Induces Weight Loss But No Antihypertensive Effects In Male S.SHR(11) Rats, An Accelerated Model Of Renal Injury

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne Ishimwe ◽  
Michael R Garrett ◽  
Jennifer M Sasser
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Kidney Weight ◽  
Lower Systolic Blood Pressure

The ketone body precursor 1,3-Butanediol (BD) has been reported to lower blood pressure in male Dahl Salt-sensitive rats fed a 2% NaCl diet and female S.SHR(11) rats on a 0.3% NaCl diet. Treatment in female S.SHR(11) was also associated with weight loss and suppression of renal injury. The present study tested whether BD attenuates hypertension and renal injury in male S.SHR(11) rats. The S.SHR(11) rat is a congenic strain generated from genetic modification of the Dahl S rat. Previously, we demonstrated that the S.SHR(11) rat fed a 0.3% NaCl diet exhibits earlier onset of kidney injury, a greater decline in kidney function compared to the Dahl S rat despite having similar blood pressure, thus providing a better model to test potential therapeutic interventions. Rats (7 -18 weeks old) were divided into two groups: the treatment group that received BD (20%) for 10 weeks via drinking water and controls on ad libitum water and both maintained on a low-salt rodent chow (Teklad 7034, 0.3% NaCl; n=5-6/group). Systolic blood pressure was measured after 9 weeks by tail-cuff plethysmography. After 10 weeks of BD treatment, 24h urine was collected and tissues were harvested. Treated rats were smaller than controls (330.2 ± 14.2 vs. 449.8 ± 22.9 g, p= 0.001). Urine excretion rate was lower in treated rats (11.3± 1.1 vs. 19.6 ± 3.8 ml/day, p=0.047) whereas kidney weight normalized to body weight was higher in this group (0.95 ± 0.04 vs. 0.77 ± 0.03 %, p=0.011). BD did not lower systolic blood pressure (157.0 ±14.0 vs. 163.9 ±14.6 mmHg, p=0.740). Proteinuria was diminished in the treated group, although not significant (135 ± 51 vs. 311 ± 67 mg/day, p= 0.064). Renal fibrosis (7.6 ± 0.61 vs. 9.4 ± 0.95 %, p=0.139), plasma creatinine (0.46 ±0.03 vs. 0.49 ± 0.01 mg/dL, p=0.466), and creatinine clearance normalized to kidney weight (0.57 ±0.05 vs. 0.67 ± 0.02 ml/min, p= 0.138) were not changed by treatment. Blood urea nitrogen was similar between groups (30.7 ± 2.57 vs. 27.4 ± 2.25mg/dL, p= 0.367). The current data demonstrate that BD does not mitigate hypertension nor improve renal function in male S.SHR(11) rats suggesting potential sex differences in the antihypertensive effects of BD. However, weight loss which has been associated with ketogenic interventions such as BD was still observed in this study.

Improvement of Insulin Sensitivity Contributes to Blood Pressure Reduction After Weight Loss in Hypertensive Subjects With Obesity

Hypertension ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1180-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Ikeda ◽  
Tomoko Gomi ◽  
Nobuhito Hirawa ◽  
Jun Sakurai ◽  
Nori Yoshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Pressure Reduction

Intraventricular pressure gradients change during the development of left ventricular hypertrophy: Effect of salvianolic acid B and beta-blocker

Ultrasound ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1742271X2098758
Author(s):  
Danfu Ma ◽  
Ahmed S Mandour ◽  
Tomohiko Yoshida ◽  
Katsuhiro Matsuura ◽  
Kazumi Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Salvianolic Acid B ◽  
Intraventricular Pressure ◽  
Salvianolic Acid ◽  
Intraventricular Pressure Gradient

Introduction Intraventricular pressure gradient is regarded as a non-invasive indicator of diastolic function. Salvianolic acid B (Sal-B), a traditional Asian medicine, revealed its usefulness in myocardial infarction models; however, the hemodynamic effect of salvianolic acid B is still unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the intraventricular pressure gradient changes during the development of left ventricular hypertrophy with or without salvianolic acid B and a beta-blocker. Methods In total, 48 rats were divided into four groups; Sham, Non-treatment, salvianolic acid B, and Carvedilol. Aortic coarctation-induced left ventricular hypertrophy was done in three groups and the treatment was started from the third to the sixth week. Blood pressure, conventional echocardiography, and color M-mode echocardiography for measurement of intraventricular pressure gradient were carried out for six consecutive weeks. Results At 4.5 weeks, the LV mass was elevated in the coarctation groups but the blood pressure was significantly lower in salvianolic acid B and Carvedilol groups ( P < 0.05). In the Non-treatment group, the total intraventricular pressure gradient was increased at 4.5 and 6 weeks (2.60 and 2.65, respectively). Meanwhile, the basal intraventricular pressure gradient was elevated at 3 and 6 weeks (1.67 and 1.75) compared with the Sham group. Salvianolic acid B and Carvedilol significantly reduced the basal intraventricular pressure gradient at six weeks compared with the Non-treatment group (1.52 and 1.51 vs 1.75, respectively). Conclusions Salvianolic acid B and Carvedilol promote cardiac function by decreasing the elevated basal intraventricular pressure gradient. The current preclinical results revealed the efficacy of salvianolic acid B as a potential therapy for left ventricular hypertrophy because of the non-blood pressure lowering effect.

The Impact of a Health Education Program Targeting Patients with High Visit Rates in a Managed Care Organization

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana L. Dally ◽  
Wendy Dahar ◽  
Ann Scott ◽  
Douglas Roblin ◽  
Allan T. Khoury
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Managed Care ◽  
The Other ◽  
Care Organization ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Health Education Materials

Purpose. To determine if a mailed health promotion program reduced outpatient visits while improving health status. Design. Randomized controlled trial. Setting. A midsized, group practice model, managed care organization in Ohio. Subjects. Members invited (N = 3214) were high utilizers, 18 to 64 years old, with hypertension, diabetes, or arthritis (or all). A total of 886 members agreed to participate, and 593 members returned the initial questionnaires. The 593 members were randomized to the following groups: 99 into arthritis treatment and 100 into arthritis control, 94 into blood pressure treatment and 92 into blood pressure control, and 104 into diabetes treatment and 104 into diabetes control. Measures. Outpatient utilization, health status, and self-efficacy were followed over 30 months. Interventions. Health risk appraisal questionnaires were mailed to treatment and control groups before randomization and at 1 year. The treatment group received three additional condition-specific (arthritis, diabetes, or hypertension) questionnaires and a health information handbook. The treatment group also received written health education materials and an individualized feedback letter after each returned questionnaire. The control group received condition-specific written health education materials and reimbursement for exercise equipment or fitness club membership after returning the 1-year end of the study questionnaire. Results. Changes in visit rates were disease specific. Parameter estimates were calculated from a Poisson regression model. For intervention vs. controls, the arthritis group decreased visits 4.84 per 30 months (p < 0.00), the diabetes group had no significant change, and the hypertension group increased visits 2.89 per 30 months (p < 0.05), the overall health status improved significantly (−6.5 vs. 2.3, p < 0.01) for the arthritis group but showed no significant change for the other two groups, and coronary artery disease and cancer risk scores did not change significantly for any group individually. Overall self-efficacy for intervention group completers improved by −8.6 points (p < 0.03) for the arthritis group, and the other groups showed no significant change. Conclusions. This study demonstrated that in a population of 18 to 64 years with chronic conditions, mailed health promotion programs might only benefit people with certain conditions.

Weight reduction in the management of hypertension: Epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrain Reisin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Normal Weight

A number of studies have established a close association between increased body mass and elevated blood pressure. The presence of obesity in hypertensive subjects is associated with some hemodynamic, metabolic, and endocrinic characteristics: an increased intravascular volume with a high intracellular body water/interstitial fluid volume ratio, increased cardiac output, stroke volume, and left ventricular work while peripheral resistance was reduced or normal. Weight loss of at least 10 kg can reduce blood pressure independently of changes in sodium intake in obese persons of both sexes with mild, moderate, or severe high blood pressure. The fall in arterial pressure in obese hypertensives after weight loss may reverse many of the previously mentioned altered findings and underscore previous epidemiological studies that have shown that weight control could be an important measure in the treatment of hypertension.

scholarly journals Encapsulation of bacteriophage cocktail into chitosan for the treatment of bacterial diarrhea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Golnar Rahimzadeh ◽  
Majid Saeedi ◽  
Mahmood Moosazadeh ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Hassan Hashemi ◽  
Amirhossein Babaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effectiveness ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infection ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Lower Group

AbstractThe therapeutic effectiveness of a chitosan encapsulated bacteriophage cocktail as a smart biocontrol agent was evaluated in this study to be used as a preventative and treatment option for gastrointestinal infections. To evaluate the effect of the bacteriophage formulation on the treatment of gastrointestinal infection, rats were infected with Salmonella enterica, Shigella flexneri, and Escherichia coli. The rats were weighed and their stools cultured. The results showed that the group which had the chitosan encapsulated bacteriophage cocktail did not lose weight after 3 days and had significantly lower group weight changes. Weight loss was significant in the rats that had cefixime administered instead. Positive cultured stools were reduced after 4 days compared to 2 days in the treated group with the chitosan encapsulated bacteriophage cocktail. The chitosan encapsulated bacteriophage cocktail can therefore be effective in the treatment of gastrointestinal infections.

Preferred versus Nonpreferred Treatment, and Self-Control Training versus Determination Raising as Treatments of Obesity: A Pilot Study

1976 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Overweight Women

Of 12 overweight women half received 10 wk. of self-control training and the rest received an equal period aimed at increasing determination to lose weight. Half of each treatment group had expressed a preference for the type of treatment they received and half for the other type of treatment. Both groups lost a statistically significant amount of weight, and at a 3-mo. follow-up there was still a significant weight loss. Follow-up at 6 mo. on 9 of the 12 original subjects indicated both groups regained much of their lost weight. There was no evidence that either type of treatment or receiving one's preferred type of treatment was related to weight loss.

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