Effect of Exercise on the Renal Clearance of Amylase and Lysozyme in Humans

1972 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Poortmans
Keyword(s):  
Renal Clearance ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
Protein Reabsorption ◽  
Proximal Tubular Function ◽  
Very High ◽  
Serum And Urine

1. Total protein amount and amylase and lysozyme activities were measured in the serum and urine of healthy women and men before and after strenuous exercise. 2. Exercise produced no major difference in the serum activities of amylase and lysozyme. 3. The renal clearance of amylase was unaffected by strenuous exercise, but total protein excretion was markedly increased. 4. Very high values of renal clearance of lysozyme were observed after exercise. This implies that the proximal tubular function of protein reabsorption was specifically affected.

scholarly journals Axial differences in endocytosis along the kidney proximal tubule

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (6) ◽  
pp. F1526-F1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Polesel ◽  
Andrew M. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Protein Uptake ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
Protein Reabsorption ◽  
Proximal Tubular Function ◽  
Very High

The proximal tubule (PT) reabsorbs filtered proteins via receptor-mediated endocytosis to prevent energetically inefficient wasting in the urine. Recent intravital imaging studies have suggested that protein reabsorption occurs in early (S1) segments, which have a very high capacity. In contrast, uptake of fluid phase substrates also occurs in distal (S2) segments. In this article, we will review these findings and their implications for understanding integrated proximal tubular function, patterns of damage caused by endocytosed toxins, and the origins of proteinuria. We will also discuss whether compensatory downstream increases in protein uptake might occur in disease states, and the environmental factors that could drive these changes.

NHE3 Na+/H+ exchanger supports proximal tubular protein reabsorption in vivo

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (3) ◽  
pp. F469-F473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gekle ◽  
Katharina Völker ◽  
Sigrid Mildenberger ◽  
Ruth Freudinger ◽  
Gary E. Shull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ph Homeostasis ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Opossum Kidney ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Opossum Kidney Cells ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
Protein Reabsorption ◽  
Endosomal Ph

Proximal tubular receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME) of filtered proteins prevents proteinuria. Pharmacological and genetic studies in cultured opossum kidney cells have shown that the apical Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3) supports RME by interference with endosomal pH homeostasis and endocytic fusion events. However, it is not known whether NHE3 also supports proximal tubular RME in vivo. We analyzed proximal tubular protein reabsorption by microinfusion experiments in rats and investigated renal protein excretion in NHE3 knockout (Nhe3 −/−) mice. Inhibition of NHE3 by EIPA or S-3226 reduced the fractional reabsorption of [14C]cytochrome c by ∼50% during early proximal microinfusion. During early distal microinfusion, no protein reabsorption could be detected. Urinary protein excretion of Nhe3 −/− or heterozygous mutant mice was significantly higher compared with wild-type mice. SDS-PAGE analysis of urinary proteins revealed that Nhe3 −/− animals excreted proteins the size of albumin or smaller. Thus a reduction in NHE3 activity or abundance causes tubular proteinuria. These data show that NHE3 supports proximal tubular RME of filtered proteins in vivo.

Protein Excretion after Prolonged Exercise

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Robertshaw ◽  
C K Cheung ◽  
I Fairly ◽  
R Swaminathan
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Creatinine Excretion ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Serial Measurements

Random urine samples were obtained from 16 healthy subjects (nine men and seven women) before and after a 100 Km hill walk for the estimation of total protein, albumin, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG), retinol binding protein (RBP) and creatinine. The excretion of total protein, albumin and NAG (expressed in relation to creatinine excretion) increased significantly after the walk. The relative clearance of protein and albumin also increased. In four subjects serial measurements were made for 4 days and the excretion of albumin and NAG on the fourth day were similar to the pre-walk values. We conclude that proteinuria of prolonged exercise is at least partly due to reduced tubular reabsorption.

Deformation Replication

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Rake Face ◽  
Orthogonal Machining ◽  
Aluminum Chips ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Very High

Tool materials used in ultramicrotomy are glass, developed by Latta and Hartmann (1) and diamond, introduced by Fernandez-Moran (2). While diamonds produce more good sections per knife edge than glass, they are expensive; require careful mounting and handling; and are time consuming to clean before and after usage, purchase from vendors (3-6 months waiting time), and regrind. Glass offers an easily accessible, inexpensive material ($0.04 per knife) with very high compressive strength (3) that can be employed in microtomy of metals (4) as well as biological materials. When the orthogonal machining process is being studied, glass offers additional advantages. Sections of metal or plastic can be dried down on the rake face, coated with Au-Pd, and examined directly in the SEM with no additional handling (5). Figure 1 shows aluminum chips microtomed with a 75° glass knife at a cutting speed of 1 mm/sec with a depth of cut of 1000 Å lying on the rake face of the knife.

scholarly journals Renal effects of the serine protease inhibitor aprotinin in healthy conscious mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Wörner ◽  
Bernhard N. Bohnert ◽  
Matthias Wörn ◽  
Mengyun Xiao ◽  
Andrea Janessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Serine Protease ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Serine Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Tubular Function ◽  
Proteolytic Activation ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Low Salt ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
Proximal Tubular Function

AbstractTreatment with aprotinin, a broad-spectrum serine protease inhibitor with a molecular weight of 6512 Da, was associated with acute kidney injury, which was one of the reasons for withdrawal from the market in 2007. Inhibition of renal serine proteases regulating the epithelial sodium channel ENaC could be a possible mechanism. Herein, we studied the effect of aprotinin in wild-type 129S1/SvImJ mice on sodium handling, tubular function, and integrity under a control and low-salt diet. Mice were studied in metabolic cages, and aprotinin was delivered by subcutaneously implanted sustained release pellets (2 mg/day over 10 days). Mean urinary aprotinin concentration ranged between 642 ± 135 (day 2) and 127 ± 16 (day 8) µg/mL . Aprotinin caused impaired sodium preservation under a low-salt diet while stimulating excessive hyperaldosteronism and unexpectedly, proteolytic activation of ENaC. Aprotinin inhibited proximal tubular function leading to glucosuria and proteinuria. Plasma urea and cystatin C concentration increased significantly under aprotinin treatment. Kidney tissues from aprotinin-treated mice showed accumulation of intracellular aprotinin and expression of the kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1). In electron microscopy, electron-dense deposits were observed. There was no evidence for kidney injury in mice treated with a lower aprotinin dose (0.5 mg/day). In conclusion, high doses of aprotinin exert nephrotoxic effects by accumulation in the tubular system of healthy mice, leading to inhibition of proximal tubular function and counterregulatory stimulation of ENaC-mediated sodium transport.

scholarly journals Detailed investigations of proximal tubular function in Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Storm ◽  
Christina Zeitz ◽  
Olivier Cases ◽  
Sabine Amsellem ◽  
Pierre J Verroust ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tubular Function ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
Proximal Tubular Function

Effect of carbohydrate ingestion on exercise metabolism

1988 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1553-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hargreaves ◽  
C. A. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽  
Ergometer Exercise ◽  
Glucose Polymer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels ◽  
Glycogen Utilization

Five male cyclists were studied during 2 h of cycle ergometer exercise (70% VO2 max) on two occasions to examine the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on muscle glycogen utilization. In the experimental trial (CHO) subjects ingested 250 ml of a glucose polymer solution containing 30 g of carbohydrate at 0, 30, 60, and 90 min of exercise; in the control trial (CON) they received an equal volume of a sweet placebo. No differences between trials were seen in O2 uptake or heart rate during exercise. Venous blood glucose was similar before exercise in both trials, but, on average, was higher during exercise in CHO [5.2 +/- 0.2 (SE) mmol/l] compared with CON (4.8 +/- 0.1, P less than 0.05). Plasma insulin levels were similar in both trials. Muscle glycogen levels were also similar in CHO and CON both before and after exercise; accordingly, there was no difference between trials in the amount of glycogen used during the 2 h of exercise (CHO = 62.8 +/- 10.1 mmol/kg wet wt, CON = 56.9 +/- 10.1). The results of this study indicate that carbohydrate ingestion does not influence the utilization of muscle glycogen during prolonged strenuous exercise.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan bahan baku lokal dalam pengembangan wisata Pulau Cinta di Desa Teluk Kenidai Kecamatan Tambang Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Trisla Warningsih ◽  
Kusai Kusai ◽  
Lamun Bathara ◽  
Andarini Diharmi ◽  
Deviasari Deviasari
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
The People ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Additional Income ◽  
Very High

Teluk Kenidai Village is located in Tambang District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. Teluk Kenidai Village has the potential for natural tourism in the form of beaches, which are one of the alternative tourist destinations for the community. The activities carried out are playing various kinds of rides and swimming on the banks of the Kampar River. The visitors to the island of love in Kenidai Bay are the largest visitors of all tourist objects in Kampar Regency. The existence of the island of love tourism can develop the community's economy by providing special foods as souvenirs and drinks for tourist visitors. Alternative foods that can be done are processed crispy monitor fish and lime syrup drinks because these two things have very high potential in Kampar Regency, and can provide added value to people's lives. The purpose of the activity is to empower the people of Teluk Kenidai Village, to process various crispy monitoring fish and to increase the attractiveness of the island of love for visiting tourists. The benefits of the activity are opening up people's insights in increasing the potential of natural resources, gaining skills and abilities in making crispy monitor fish and lime syrup to improve the economy. The method is carried out by demonstration and hands-on practice in the manufacture of crispy monitoring fish and lime syrup. The target communities are the people living in Teluk Kenidai Village and village customary leaders and the Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) totaling 15 people. Evaluation is carried out by giving questionnaires to all participats before and after the delivery of counseling materials and practices. The results of the evaluation of the community service activities that have been carried out show that the increasing desire of the community in practicing extension activities to earn additional income by opening this bussines, especially in the tourist area of Pulau Cinta in Teluk Kenidai Village.

Normal values of urinary albumin and total protein excretion during pregnancy

1994 ◽  
Vol 171 (4) ◽  
pp. 984-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Higby ◽  
Cheryl R. Suiter ◽  
John Y. Phelps ◽  
Theresa Siler-Khodr ◽  
Oded Langer
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Protein Excretion
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