Role of Cdc42 dynamics in the control of fission yeast cell polarization

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1745-1749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maitreyi Das ◽  
Fulvia Verde
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Rho Gtpase ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Cell Fate Determination ◽  
Cell Morphogenesis ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Polarized Cell Growth

Cell polarization is fundamental to many cellular processes, including cell differentiation, cell motility and cell fate determination. A key regulatory enzyme in the control of cell morphogenesis is the conserved Rho GTPase Cdc42, which breaks symmetry via self-amplifying positive-feedback mechanisms. Additional mechanisms of control, including competition between different sites of polarized cell growth and time-delayed negative feedback, define a cellular-level system that promotes Cdc42 oscillatory dynamics and modulates activated Cdc42 intracellular distribution.

scholarly journals Regulation of Rho GTPases by RhoGDIs in Human Cancers

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cho ◽  
Kim ◽  
Baek ◽  
Kim ◽  
Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Rho Gtpases ◽  
Rho Gtpase ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Malignant Phenotype ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Human Cancers

Rho GDP dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) play important roles in various cellular processes, including cell migration, adhesion, and proliferation, by regulating the functions of the Rho GTPase family. Dissociation of Rho GTPases from RhoGDIs is necessary for their spatiotemporal activation and is dynamically regulated by several mechanisms, such as phosphorylation, sumoylation, and protein interaction. The expression of RhoGDIs has changed in many human cancers and become associated with the malignant phenotype, including migration, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to anticancer agents. Here, we review how RhoGDIs control the function of Rho GTPases by regulating their spatiotemporal activity and describe the regulatory mechanisms of the dissociation of Rho GTPases from RhoGDIs. We also discuss the role of RhoGDIs in cancer progression and their potential uses for therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Jagged–Delta asymmetry in Notch signaling can give rise to a Sender/Receiver hybrid phenotype

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. E402-E409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Boareto ◽  
Mohit Kumar Jolly ◽  
Mingyang Lu ◽  
José N. Onuchic ◽  
Cecilia Clementi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Tumor Stroma ◽  
Notch Receptor ◽  
Toggle Switch ◽  
Cell Fate Determination ◽  
Asymmetric Effect ◽  
Fate Determination

Notch signaling pathway mediates cell-fate determination during embryonic development, wound healing, and tumorigenesis. This pathway is activated when the ligand Delta or the ligand Jagged of one cell interacts with the Notch receptor of its neighboring cell, releasing the Notch Intracellular Domain (NICD) that activates many downstream target genes. NICD affects ligand production asymmetrically––it represses Delta, but activates Jagged. Although the dynamical role of Notch–Jagged signaling remains elusive, it is widely recognized that Notch–Delta signaling behaves as an intercellular toggle switch, giving rise to two distinct fates that neighboring cells adopt––Sender (high ligand, low receptor) and Receiver (low ligand, high receptor). Here, we devise a specific theoretical framework that incorporates both Delta and Jagged in Notch signaling circuit to explore the functional role of Jagged in cell-fate determination. We find that the asymmetric effect of NICD renders the circuit to behave as a three-way switch, giving rise to an additional state––a hybrid Sender/Receiver (medium ligand, medium receptor). This phenotype allows neighboring cells to both send and receive signals, thereby attaining similar fates. We also show that due to the asymmetric effect of the glycosyltransferase Fringe, different outcomes are generated depending on which ligand is dominant: Delta-mediated signaling drives neighboring cells to have an opposite fate; Jagged-mediated signaling drives the cell to maintain a similar fate to that of its neighbor. We elucidate the role of Jagged in cell-fate determination and discuss its possible implications in understanding tumor–stroma cross-talk, which frequently entails Notch–Jagged communication.

Dominant role of the niche in melanocyte stem-cell fate determination

Nature ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 416 (6883) ◽  
pp. 854-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi K. Nishimura ◽  
Siobhán A. Jordan ◽  
Hideo Oshima ◽  
Hisahiro Yoshida ◽  
Masatake Osawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Cell Fate Determination ◽  
Stem Cell Fate ◽  
Fate Determination ◽  
Melanocyte Stem Cell

Role of Geminin in cell fate determination of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)

2016 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin’ichiro Yasunaga ◽  
Yoshinori Ohno ◽  
Naoto Shirasu ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Kyoko Suzuki-Takedachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Fate Determination ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Fate Determination

Role of extracellular matrix and YAP/TAZ in cell fate determination

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Hao ◽  
Yueling Zhang ◽  
Yating Wang ◽  
Rui Ye ◽  
Jingyi Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Fate Determination ◽  
Fate Determination

scholarly journals The STRIPAK component SipC is involved in morphology and cell-fate determination in the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans

Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Wernet ◽  
Jan Wäckerle ◽  
Reinhard Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Loop Formation ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Multicellular Development ◽  
Hyphal Fusion ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Complex Functions ◽  
Cytochalasin A

Abstract The striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase complex (STRIPAK) is a highly conserved eukaryotic signaling hub involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. In filamentous fungi, STRIPAK controls multicellular development, hyphal fusion, septation and pathogenicity. In this study we analyzed the role of the STRIPAK complex in the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans which forms three-dimensional, adhesive trapping networks to capture Caenorhabditis elegans. Trap networks consist of several hyphal loops which are morphologically and functionally different from vegetative hyphae. We show that lack of the STRIPAK component SipC (STRIP1/2/HAM-2/PRO22) results in incomplete loop formation and column-like trap structures with elongated compartments. The misshapen or incomplete traps lost their trap identity and continued growth as vegetative hyphae. The same effect was observed in the presence of the actin cytoskeleton drug cytochalasin A. These results could suggest a link between actin and STRIPAK complex functions.

scholarly journals Role of metabolic spatiotemporal dynamics in regulating biofilm colony expansion

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (16) ◽  
pp. 4288-4293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Bocci ◽  
Yoko Suzuki ◽  
Mingyang Lu ◽  
José N. Onuchic
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Biological Networks ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamic ◽  
Cell Cell

Cell fate determination is typically regulated by biological networks, yet increasing evidences suggest that cell−cell communication and environmental stresses play crucial roles in the behavior of a cell population. A recent microfluidic experiment showed that the metabolic codependence of two cell populations generates a collective oscillatory dynamic during the expansion of aBacillus subtilisbiofilm. We develop a modeling framework for the spatiotemporal dynamics of the associated metabolic circuit for cells in a colony. We elucidate the role of metabolite diffusion and the need of two distinct cell populations to observe oscillations. Uniquely, this description captures the onset and thereafter stable oscillatory dynamics during expansion and predicts the existence of damping oscillations under various environmental conditions. This modeling scheme provides insights to understand how cells integrate the information from external signaling and cell−cell communication to determine the optimal survival strategy and/or maximize cell fitness in a multicellular system.

scholarly journals LncRNAs Regulatory Networks in Cellular Senescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavan Kumar Puvvula
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Translation Regulation ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Downstream Signaling ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Fate Decision ◽  
Functional Mechanisms

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides with no open reading frame. They play a key role in the regulation of cellular processes such as genome integrity, chromatin organization, gene expression, translation regulation, and signal transduction. Recent studies indicated that lncRNAs are not only dysregulated in different types of diseases but also function as direct effectors or mediators for many pathological symptoms. This review focuses on the current findings of the lncRNAs and their dysregulated signaling pathways in senescence. Different functional mechanisms of lncRNAs and their downstream signaling pathways are integrated to provide a bird’s-eye view of lncRNA networks in senescence. This review not only highlights the role of lncRNAs in cell fate decision but also discusses how several feedback loops are interconnected to execute persistent senescence response. Finally, the significance of lncRNAs in senescence-associated diseases and their therapeutic and diagnostic potentials are highlighted.

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