Pathophysiology of intestinal metaplasia of the stomach: emphasis on CDX2 regulation

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Barros ◽  
Vânia Camilo ◽  
Bruno Pereira ◽  
Jean-Noel Freund ◽  
Leonor David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
Increased Risk

IM (intestinal metaplasia) of the stomach is a pre-neoplastic lesion that usually follows Helicobacter pylori infection and that confers increased risk for gastric cancer development. After setting the role played by CDX2 (Caudal-type homeobox 2) in the establishment of gastric IM, it became of foremost importance to unravel the regulatory mechanisms behind its de novo expression in the stomach. In the present paper, we review the basic pathology of gastric IM as well as the current knowledge on molecular pathways involved in CDX2 regulation in the gastric context.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori virulence and the diversity of gastric cancer in Asia

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1445-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lam Tung Nguyen ◽  
Tomohisa Uchida ◽  
Kazunari Murakami ◽  
Toshio Fujioka ◽  
Masatsugu Moriyama
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Gastric Carcinogenesis ◽  
Caga Protein ◽  
Increased Risk

Infection with cagPAI positive strains of Helicobacter pylori is recognized as being associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. This article reviews the current knowledge on the structures and pathological functions of cagPAI and the CagA protein, focusing especially on the molecular mechanism through which CagA may be involved in gastric carcinogenesis. The possible link between the geographical distribution of cagPAI and cagA variations and gastric cancer diversity in Asia is also discussed.

scholarly journals Association of interleukin 12B rs3212227 polymorphism with gastric cancer, intestinal metaplasia, and helicobacter pylori infection

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
Seda Orenay-Boyacioglu ◽  
Elmas Kasap ◽  
Hakan Yuceyar ◽  
Mehmet Korkmaz
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Allelic Frequencies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
H Pylori

Interleukin 12 (IL-12) has a key function in promoting Th1 immune response in the gastrointestinal mucosa. Although cytokine gene polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of gastric cancer (GC), studies on different geographic regions and ethnic groups are not able to draw a consistent result. The current case-control study aims to find out an association between a functional IL-12B rs3212227 polymorphism and the susceptibility and clinical features of the study groups, which are GC, Helicobacter pylori-infected and H. pylori-uninfected intestinal metaplasia (IM). In this study, IL-12B rs3212227 polymorphism was genotyped in 35 GC cases, 25 H. pylori-infected IM patients, 25 H. pylori-uninfected IM patients, and 25 control subjects. PCR-RFLP analysis was performed to find out and compare the polymorphism profiles of case biopsies. There was statistical significance in genotype distributions and allelic frequencies in GC patients with proximal arrest in stomach (p=0.042). The rs3212227 genotypes and allelic frequencies were not correlated with any of the study groups (p>0.05). Other clinical features examined in the GC patients were also not correlated with the rs3212227 genotypes and allelic frequencies (p>0.05). Current findings suggest that IL-12B rs3212227 polymorphism may play a role in GC development.

scholarly journals Changes in Gastric Microbial Composition before and after Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Chan Hyuk Park
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
H Pylori

Owing to advancements in next-generation sequencing and non-culture-based microbial research techniques, we have recognized that many bacterial taxa other than <i>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)</i> are present in the human stomach. Gastric microbial composition depends on gastric diseases, including gastritis, atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer. Although <i>H. pylori</i> is a major factor associated with gastric cancer development, other bacterial taxa may affect gastric carcinogenesis. Because the risk of gastric cancer development can be reduced through <i>H. pylori</i> eradication, many investigators have studied the changes in the microbial composition in the stomach after <i>H. pylori</i> eradication. The gastric microbiome in patients with <i>H. pylori</i> infection typically shows abundance of <i>H. pylori</i> and a low microbial diversity index. If we treat <i>H. pylori</i>-infected patients with antibiotics, microbial diversity increases, and the relative abundance also increases in many bacterial taxa. Several studies suggested that the microbial composition in patients with <i>H. pylori</i> infection could be restored by <i>H. pylori</i> eradication therapy; however, there have been inconsistent findings of the abundant bacterial taxa after <i>H. pylori</i> eradication in patients with atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. More studies are required to reach a definitive conclusion on restoration of the microbial composition after <i>H. pylori</i> eradication according to the severity of gastric inflammation.

Histologic intestinal metaplasia and endoscopic atrophy are predictors of gastric cancer development after Helicobacter pylori eradication

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoki Shichijo ◽  
Yoshihiro Hirata ◽  
Ryota Niikura ◽  
Yoku Hayakawa ◽  
Atsuo Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication
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