Dietary fats induce human monocyte activation in vitro

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bentley ◽  
F. Bejta ◽  
C. De Pascale ◽  
M. Avella ◽  
C.P.D. Wheeler-Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Activated Monocytes ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Chylomicron Remnants ◽  
Early Atherosclerosis

In early atherosclerosis the frequency of activated monocytes in the peripheral circulation is amplified, and migration of monocytes into the walls of the aorta and large arteries is increased, due partly to de novo expression or activation of monocyte adhesion molecules. Although there is increasing evidence that CMRs (chylomicron remnants) are strongly atherogenic, the outcomes of interactions between blood monocytes and circulating CMRs are not known. Here, we have studied the effects of CRLPs (CMR-like particles) on THP-1 human monocyte oxidative burst. The particles induced a significant increase in reactive oxygen species within 1 h, which persisted for 24 h. We suggest that monocyte–CMR interactions may be important in early atherosclerosis when many activated monocytes are found in susceptible areas of the artery wall.

scholarly journals IN LABORATORY GENERATION AND MATURATION OF HUMAN MONOCYTE-DERIVED DENDRITIC CELLS FOR CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
KANCHAN K. MISHRA ◽  
SUMIT BHARADVA ◽  
MEGHNAD G. JOSHI ◽  
ARVIND GULBAKE
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Adaptive Immune Systems

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the regulation of adaptive immune responses, furthermore they act as a bridge between the innate and the adaptive immune systems they have been ideal candidates for cell-based immunotherapy of cancers and infections in humans. The first reported trial using DCs in 1995, since they have been used in trials all over the world for several of indications, including cancer and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Generally, for in vitro experiments or for DCs vaccination monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) were generated from purified monocytes that isolated from peripheral blood by density gradient centrifugation. A variety of methods can be used for enrichment of monocytes for generation of clinical-grade DCs. Herein we summarized up to date understanding of systems and inputs used in procedures to differentiate DCs from blood monocytes in vitro.

scholarly journals Release of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 from human monocytes by antithymocyte globulin: requirement for de novo synthesis

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 2531-2538 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Rameshwar ◽  
P Gascon
Keyword(s):  
Antithymocyte Globulin ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agent ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Human Monocytes ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Abstract Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) is an effective treatment in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA). Its mechanism of action remains unclear, although it has been assumed to be immunosuppressive. However, ATG has also been shown by several laboratories to be immunostimulatory. Recently, interleukin-1 (IL-1) production has been found to be decreased in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated peripheral blood monocytes obtained from SAA patients. We have investigated the ability of ATG to function as an immunostimulatory agent via the production of IL-1 and IL-6 by normal human monocytes in vitro. Supernatants from ATG- stimulated monocytes were assayed for biologically active and immunoreactive IL-1 and IL-6. We have found that ATG, via its F(ab')2 fragment is a powerful inducer of IL-1 and IL-6 production. Furthermore, ATG induction of both cytokines from normal monocytes required de novo synthesis, as determined by 35S-methionine incorporation. Because these two cytokines synergize with other cytokines at both the stem cell and progenitor levels, these stimulatory properties of ATG may be relevant to the treatment of SAA. This would favor the hypothesis of a bimodal mechanism for ATG as an inducer of hematopoietic growth factors and as an immunosuppressive agent.

scholarly journals Induction of human monocyte to macrophage maturation in vitro by 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 2457-2461 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kreutz ◽  
R Andreesen
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocyte ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocyte System ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3

Abstract Cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system arise from circulating blood monocytes (MO) that undergo further maturation on leaving the vasculature and migration into the various tissues and body cavities. This terminal differentiation step is also observed in vitro when blood MO are cultured in the presence of serum. Yet, the inducing signals present in serum are not defined. We have established primary cultures from elutriation-purified blood MO and found that the active metabolite of vitamin D3 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) could induce maturation of MO to macrophages (MAC) in the absence of any serum proteins. Cells were cultured for 7 days with AB-group serum or 1,25(OH)2D3, respectively, and MO maturation analyzed by morphology, functional activity, and the expression of lineage-restricted maturation-associated antigens (MAX.1, MAX.3). At an optimal concentration of 10(-8) mol/L, 1,25(OH)2D3 promoted the development of fully differentiated MAC whose phenotype and functional competence in terms of cytokine release (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, fibronectin, and lysozyme) was comparable with MAC grown in serum. In conclusion, our data may add to the immunoregulatory potential of 1,25(OH)2D3, which may play an essential role in the ontogeny of the mononuclear phagocyte system.

scholarly journals Antibody-dependent antitumor cytotoxicity by human monocytes cultured with recombinant macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Induction of efficient antibody-mediated antitumor cytotoxicity not detected by isotope release assays.

1989 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
D H Munn ◽  
N K Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cell ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Activated Monocytes ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cell Lines ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) is known to stimulate proliferation of monocyte/macrophage progenitors and enhance in vitro antitumor cytotoxicity by murine macrophages. In this paper we have shown that recombinant human M-CSF causes human peripheral blood monocytes to differentiate in culture into metabolically active macrophage-like cells. These cells mediate very efficient antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against human melanoma and neuroblastoma cell lines in the presence of two murine IgG3 mAbs (3F8 and R24). They also mediate antibody-independent cytotoxicity (or cytostasis) to a lesser extent. Human serum had an inconsistent effect on ADCC, but often induced similar high levels of ADCC. Cytotoxicity was measured using a novel ELISA to detect surviving tumor cells after ADCC. Two conventional isotope-release assays (51Cr and [3H]TdR) underestimated or entirely failed to detect ADCC by M-CSF-activated monocytes. Optimal activation occurred with 100-300 U/ml of M-CSF, and required 9-11 d for completion. Most of the M-CSF cultured monocytes expressed the low-affinity Fc receptor (CD16). ADCC by cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage using murine IgG3 mAbs may have significance for the immunotherapy of human malignancies.

scholarly journals Phagocytosis of senescent neutrophils by human monocyte-derived macrophages and rabbit inflammatory macrophages.

1982 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 430-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
S L Newman ◽  
J E Henson ◽  
P M Henson
Keyword(s):  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocytes ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood Monocytes ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Inflammatory Macrophages

An in vitro system to investigate the ability of macrophages to recognize and ingest senescent polymorphonuclear neutrophils has been used that uses chromium-labeled neutrophils and staining for myeloperoxidase (MPO). Human monocyte-derived macrophages obtained from in vitro cultures were able to recognize "aged" but not freshly isolated 51Cr-labeled human neutrophils and ingest them. Freshly isolated monocytes did not exhibit this property. Because the aged neutrophils were greater than 95% viable, death did not appear to be a prerequisite for recognition and ingestion. Serum was not required for the aging of the neutrophils, and when serum was used, different concentrations did not appear to effect the aging process; that is, neutrophils aged in different concentrations of serum were ingested equally. Phagocytosis of senescent neutrophils by macrophages occurred in a time-dependent manner and was also dependent on the number of neutrophils added. Monocyte-derived macrophages first exhibited the ability to phagocytose senescent neutrophils on the 3rd d of culture, with the percentage of active macrophages increasing through day 7. In experiments with rabbit mononuclear phagocytes, immune complex-induced inflammatory macrophages from the lung but not resident bronchoalveolar macrophages or peripheral blood monocytes were found to be capable of recognition and ingestion of senescent rabbit neutrophils. These data suggest that the monocyte maturation process, akin to that seen during inflammation, is necessary in vitro before macrophages recognize and remove senescent neutrophils.

scholarly journals Revealing the Mechanism ofIn VitroWound Healing Properties ofCitrus tamuranaExtract

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhyastha Harishkumar ◽  
Yamaguchi Masatoshi ◽  
Sameshima Hiroshi ◽  
Ikenoue Tsuyomu ◽  
Maruyama Masugi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinases ◽  
Scratch Wound ◽  
Dependent Cell ◽  
Expression Activity ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Of Cells

In the present investigation, we examined the effect of Hyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana) extract (HE) on skin fibroblast (TIG-119) proliferation and migration duringin vitrowound healing. HE selectively inhibited proliferation of TIG-119 cells at higher concentration (>1.0 mg/mL); at lower concentrations (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 mg/mL), it exhibited linear and time-dependent cell proliferation.In vitroscratch wound healing studies showed that the HE also accelerated the migration of cells towards the wounded region. Cytometric analysis demonstrated that HE extract did not alter G1/0 and S phases of cell cycle in any concentration studied; however, G2/M phases of cell cycle were significantly (P<0.05) accelerated at 0.75 mg/mL dose. RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis indicated that HE markedly overexpressed levels of Rac-1, Rho-A, and Cdc-42 mRNA and the respective proteins. Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk-1 and -2) gene expression activity was significantly (P<0.05) increased, but protein content decreased during treatment with HE. The induction of Cdk-1 and -2 by HE was abolished by inhibitors, transcription (DRB), and translation (CHX), implying transcriptional regulation that requiredde novoprotein synthesis.

HIV-1 Tat and heparan sulfate proteoglycan interaction: a novel mechanism of lymphocyte adhesion and migration across the endothelium

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (15) ◽  
pp. 3335-3342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Urbinati ◽  
Stefania Nicoli ◽  
Mauro Giacca ◽  
Guido David ◽  
Simona Fiorentini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heparan Sulfate ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Lymphocyte Adhesion ◽  
And Migration ◽  
B Lymphoid ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract The HIV-1 transactivating factor Tat accumulates on the surface of endothelium by interacting with heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). Tat also interacts with B-lymphoid Namalwa cells but only when these overexpress HSPGs after syndecan-1 cDNA transfection (SYN-NCs). Accordingly, SYN-NCs, but not mock-transfected cells, adhere to endothelial cells (ECs) when Tat is bound to the surface of either one of the 2 cell types or when SYN-NCs are transfected with a Tat cDNA. Moreover, endogenously produced Tat bound to cell-surface HSPGs mediates cell adhesion of HIV+ ACH-2 lymphocytes to the endothelium. This heterotypic lymphocyte-EC interaction is prevented by HSPG antagonist or heparinase treatment, but not by integrin antagonists and requires the homodimerization of Tat protein. Tat tethered to the surface of SYN-NCs or of peripheral blood monocytes from healthy donors promotes their transendothelial migration in vitro in response to CXCL12 or CCL5, respectively, and SYN-NC extravasation in vivo in a zebrafish embryo model of inflammation. In conclusion, Tat homodimers bind simultaneously to HSPGs expressed on lymphoid and EC surfaces, leading to HSPG/Tat-Tat/HSPG quaternary complexes that physically link HSPG-bearing lymphoid cells to the endothelium, promoting their extravasation. These data provide new insights about how lymphoid cells extravasate during HIV infection.

scholarly journals Induction of human monocyte to macrophage maturation in vitro by 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 2457-2461 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kreutz ◽  
R Andreesen
Keyword(s):  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocyte ◽  
Mononuclear Phagocyte System ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3

Cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system arise from circulating blood monocytes (MO) that undergo further maturation on leaving the vasculature and migration into the various tissues and body cavities. This terminal differentiation step is also observed in vitro when blood MO are cultured in the presence of serum. Yet, the inducing signals present in serum are not defined. We have established primary cultures from elutriation-purified blood MO and found that the active metabolite of vitamin D3 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) could induce maturation of MO to macrophages (MAC) in the absence of any serum proteins. Cells were cultured for 7 days with AB-group serum or 1,25(OH)2D3, respectively, and MO maturation analyzed by morphology, functional activity, and the expression of lineage-restricted maturation-associated antigens (MAX.1, MAX.3). At an optimal concentration of 10(-8) mol/L, 1,25(OH)2D3 promoted the development of fully differentiated MAC whose phenotype and functional competence in terms of cytokine release (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, fibronectin, and lysozyme) was comparable with MAC grown in serum. In conclusion, our data may add to the immunoregulatory potential of 1,25(OH)2D3, which may play an essential role in the ontogeny of the mononuclear phagocyte system.

scholarly journals The Oxidative State of Chylomicron Remnants Influences Their Modulation of Human Monocyte Activation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Armengol Lopez ◽  
Kathleen M. Botham ◽  
Charlotte Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Human Monocytes ◽  
Monocyte Activation ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant ◽  
Chylomicron Remnants ◽  
Oxidative State ◽  
Stimulation Of

Chylomicron remnants (CMRs) contribute directly to human monocyte activationin vitro, by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell migration. In this study, the effects of the oxidative state of CMR on the degree of monocyte activation was investigated. CMR-like particles (CRLPs) were prepared in three different oxidative states, normal (CRLPs), protected from oxidation by incorporation of the antioxidant, probucol (pCRLPs), or oxidised with CuSO4(oxCRLPs). Lipid accumulation and ROS production were significantly increased in primary human monocytes incubated with CRLPs, whilst secretion on monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 was reduced, but oxCRLPs had no additional effect. In contrast, pCRLPs were taken up by monocytes to a lesser extent and had no significant effect on ROS or MCP-1 secretion. These studies suggest that the oxidative state of CMRs modulates their stimulation of the activation of peripheral blood human monocytes and that dietary antioxidants may provide some protection against these atherogenic effects.

Influence of dietary fats on human monocyte activation in vitro

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
C. Bentley ◽  
N. Hathaway ◽  
C. DePascale ◽  
M. Avella ◽  
C. Wheeler-Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Monocyte Activation
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