Changes in plasma-membrane lipid composition: a strategy for acclimation to copper stress

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 905-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Berglund ◽  
M. F. Quartacci ◽  
C. Liljenberg
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Copper Stress ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Wheat Seedlings

Wheat seedlings were grown hydroponically in the presence of 50 μM Cu2+. The copper stress resulted in plasma-membrane (PM) changes of the root cells as altered lipid composition, a decreased phosphatidylcholine (PC)/phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) ratio from 0.7 to 0.3, a decreased fatty acyl unsaturation and a decrease in the lipid/protein ratio. Membrane vesicles made from total lipid extracts of isolated PMs of wheat grown under copper excess showed a remarkably low permeability to polar molecules like glucose, as compared with the control, and no difference in proton permeability. Permeability studies of vesicles of plasma-membrane lipids, which were selectively modified by addition of specific lipids such as PC and PE, were also performed. The results are discussed with emphasis on the role of the increased PE proportion.

scholarly journals Lipids in Pathophysiology and Development of the Membrane Lipid Therapy: New Bioactive Lipids

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Manuel Torres ◽  
Sebastià Parets ◽  
Javier Fernández-Díaz ◽  
Roberto Beteta-Göbel ◽  
Raquel Rodríguez-Lorca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Bilayer ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Bioactive Lipids ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
Membrane Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

Membranes are mainly composed of a lipid bilayer and proteins, constituting a checkpoint for the entry and passage of signals and other molecules. Their composition can be modulated by diet, pathophysiological processes, and nutritional/pharmaceutical interventions. In addition to their use as an energy source, lipids have important structural and functional roles, e.g., fatty acyl moieties in phospholipids have distinct impacts on human health depending on their saturation, carbon length, and isometry. These and other membrane lipids have quite specific effects on the lipid bilayer structure, which regulates the interaction with signaling proteins. Alterations to lipids have been associated with important diseases, and, consequently, normalization of these alterations or regulatory interventions that control membrane lipid composition have therapeutic potential. This approach, termed membrane lipid therapy or membrane lipid replacement, has emerged as a novel technology platform for nutraceutical interventions and drug discovery. Several clinical trials and therapeutic products have validated this technology based on the understanding of membrane structure and function. The present review analyzes the molecular basis of this innovative approach, describing how membrane lipid composition and structure affects protein-lipid interactions, cell signaling, disease, and therapy (e.g., fatigue and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, tumor, infectious diseases).

scholarly journals Impact of Membrane Lipids on UapA and AzgA Transporter Subcellular Localization and Activity in Aspergillus nidulans

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Mariangela Dionysopoulou ◽  
George Diallinas
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Lipid Biosynthesis ◽  
Transport Kinetics ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Function

Recent biochemical and biophysical evidence have established that membrane lipids, namely phospholipids, sphingolipids and sterols, are critical for the function of eukaryotic plasma membrane transporters. Here, we study the effect of selected membrane lipid biosynthesis mutations and of the ergosterol-related antifungal itraconazole on the subcellular localization, stability and transport kinetics of two well-studied purine transporters, UapA and AzgA, in Aspergillus nidulans. We show that genetic reduction in biosynthesis of ergosterol, sphingolipids or phosphoinositides arrest A. nidulans growth after germling formation, but solely blocks in early steps of ergosterol (Erg11) or sphingolipid (BasA) synthesis have a negative effect on plasma membrane (PM) localization and stability of transporters before growth arrest. Surprisingly, the fraction of UapA or AzgA that reaches the PM in lipid biosynthesis mutants is shown to conserve normal apparent transport kinetics. We further show that turnover of UapA, which is the transporter mostly sensitive to membrane lipid content modification, occurs during its trafficking and by enhanced endocytosis, and is partly dependent on autophagy and Hect-type HulARsp5 ubiquitination. Our results point out that the role of specific membrane lipids on transporter biogenesis and function in vivo is complex, combinatorial and transporter-dependent.

Dietary fat ratios and liver plasma membrane lipid composition

Lipids ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 829-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Hamm ◽  
Anna Sekowski ◽  
Roni Ephrat
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
Liver Plasma Membrane ◽  
Plasma Membrane Lipid

Surface properties of plasma membrane vesicles isolated from melon (Cucumus melo L.) root cells differing in salinity tolerance

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 237-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uri Yermiyahu ◽  
Shlomo Nir ◽  
Gozal Ben-Hayyim ◽  
Uzi Kafkafi ◽  
Gunther F.E. Scherer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Plasma Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Root Cells

Membrane Lipids and Maximum Lifespan in Clownfish

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO FRANCISCO ALMAIDA PAGÁN ◽  
Alejandro Lucas-Sanchez ◽  
Antonio Martinez-Nicolas ◽  
Eva Terzibasi ◽  
Maria Angeles Rol de Lama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Potential Model ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Maximum Lifespan ◽  
Homeoviscous Adaptation ◽  
Theory Of Aging ◽  
Peroxidation Index ◽  
Membrane Peroxidation ◽  
Contradictory Data

Abstract The longevity-homeoviscous adaptation (LHA) theory of aging states that lipid composition of cell membranes is linked to metabolic rate and lifespan, which has been widely shown in mammals and birds but not sufficiently in fish. In this study, two species of the genus Amphiprion (A. percula and A. clarkii, with estimated maximum lifespan potentials [MLSP] of 30 and 9-16 years, respectively) and the damselfish Chromis viridis (estimated MLSP of 1-2 years) were chosen to test the LHA theory of aging in a potential model of exceptional longevity. Brain, livers and samples of skeletal muscle were collected for lipid analyses and integral part in the computation of membrane peroxidation indexes (PIn) from phospholipid (PL) fractions and PL fatty acid composition. When only the two anemonefish were compared, results pointed to the existence of a negative correlation between membrane PIn value and maximum life expectancy, well in line with the predictions from the LHA theory of aging. Nevertheless, contradictory data were obtained when the two clownfish were compared to the shorter-lived C. viridis. This results along with those obtained in previous studies on fish denote that the magnitude (and sometimes the direction) of the differences observed in membrane lipid composition and peroxidation index with MLSP cannot explain alone the diversity in longevity found among fishes.

scholarly journals Cellular Lipid Composition Affects Sensitivity of Plant Pathogens to Fengycin, an Antifungal Compound Produced by Bacillus subtilis Strain CU12

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1036-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cody Wise ◽  
Justin Falardeau ◽  
Ingrid Hagberg ◽  
Tyler J. Avis
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Antifungal Compound ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Ergosterol Content

Fengycin is an antimicrobial cyclic lipopeptide produced by various Bacillus subtilis strains, including strain CU12. Direct effects of fengycin include membrane pore formation and efflux of cellular contents leading to cell death in sensitive microorganisms. In this study, four plant pathogens were studied in order to elucidate the role of membrane lipids in their relative sensitivity to fengycin. Inhibition of mycelial growth in these pathogens varied considerably. Analysis of membrane lipids in these microorganisms indicated that sensitivity correlated with low ergosterol content and shorter phospholipid fatty acyl chains. Sensitivity to fengycin also correlated with a lower anionic/zwitterionic phospholipid ratio. Our data suggest that decreased fluidity buffering capacity, as a result of low ergosterol content, and higher intrinsic fluidity afforded by short fatty acyl chain length may increase the sensitivity of microbial membranes to fengycin. Our results also suggest that lower content in anionic phospholipids may increase fengycin insertion into the membrane through reduced electrostatic repulsion with the negatively charged fengycin. The intrinsic membrane lipid composition may contribute, in part, to the observed level of antimicrobial activity of fengycin in various plant pathogens.

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