Enzymic activities and gene expression of enzymes of the acyl-CoA elongase during rapeseed development

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Puyaubert ◽  
B. Garbay ◽  
W. Dieryck ◽  
P. Costaglioli ◽  
T. Roscoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
High Erucic Acid ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
High Erucic Acid Rapeseed ◽  
Developmental Profiles ◽  
Low Erucic Acid ◽  
Maximal Expression

Enzymic activities and gene expression of oleoylCoA elongase were studied during seed development using two different rapeseed cultivars, high-erucic-acid rapeseed (HEAR) and low-erucic-acid rapeseed (LEAR). The overall elongase activities were maximal in HEAR between the fourth and eighth weeks after pollination (WAP) and absent in LEAR. The 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase (condensing enzyme, CE) mRNA levels and the developmental profiles in the two cultivars were different since maximal expression levels were detected in HEAR and LEAR at WAP 4 and WAP 6, respectively. Anti-CE antibodies revealed two proteins of 60 and 67 kDa in both cultivars and an additional reacting protein of 57 kDa in HEAR.

PERFORMANCE AND HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN TISSUES OF PIGS FED DIETS CONTAINING HIGH OR LOW ERUCIC ACID RAPESEED OILS OR SOYBEAN OIL

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. X. AHERNE ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND ◽  
H. VOGTMANN ◽  
R. T. HARDIN ◽  
R. G. CHRISTIAN
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
High Erucic Acid ◽  
High Erucic Acid Rapeseed ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

Three experiments were conducted to compare high (20.6%) or low (4.0%) erucic acid rapeseed oils with soybean oil when the oils were fed at a level of 15% of the diet for pigs from 25 to 90 kg liveweight. The low erucic acid rapeseed oil originated from Brassica campestris cv. Span. A fourth diet containing no supplemental oil served as a control. In one experiment, 48 crossbred pigs were fed ad libitum in groups of three pigs replicated four times. In a second experiment, 48 pigs were individually fed at a level of 80% of the daily caloric intake of the pigs in the first experiment. In a third experiment, 16 pigs in four groups were allowed continuous free-choice access to the four diets. Serial slaughter and digestibility data were obtained. The incorporation of high or low erucic acid rapeseed oil in the diets did not reduce pig performance when such diets were fed either ad libitum or at a restricted level. When given a choice of feed, pigs selected less of the high erucic acid rapeseed oil diet. When not given a choice of feed, pigs consumed as much of a high erucic acid rapeseed oil diet as they did of the other diets. Digestibility coefficients for energy, nitrogen and lipids were not significantly different for any of the three oil-containing diets. Histological examination of the heart, liver and spleen revealed no marked differences due to feeding any of the oil-based diets.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial-membrane polar-head-group composition is influenced by diet fat

1981 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Innis ◽  
M T Clandinin
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Phospholipid Class ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Phospholipid Content ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Polar Head Group ◽  
High Erucic Acid ◽  
High Erucic Acid Rapeseed ◽  
Low Erucic Acid

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets containing 20% (w/w) soya-bean oil, high-erucic acid rapeseed oil or low-erucic acid rapeseed oil for 0, 12 or 23 days. The type of fat present in the diet had no effect on the total phospholipid content of heart mitochondria (micrograms/mg of protein) but did influence the phospholipid class distribution. Rats fed high-erucic acid rapeseed oil for 12 or 23 days had significantly higher mitochondrial phosphatidylcholine content than rats fed soya-bean oil. Low-erucic acid rapeseed oil resulted in elevation of cardiac mitochondrial cardiolipin content after dietary treatment for 12 days. The results demonstrate in vivo that diet is a significant determinant of the phospholipid class content of subcellular membranes.

scholarly journals Methylobacterium oryzae Influences Isoepoxydon Dehydrogenase Gene Expression and Patulin Production by Penicillium expansum

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Tiago Barros Afonso ◽  
Lúcia Chaves Simões ◽  
Nelson Lima
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Methylobacterium Oryzae

Biofilms can be considered the main source of microorganisms in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS). The ecology of a biofilm is dependent on a variety of factors, including the presence of microbial metabolites excreted by its inhabitants. This study reports the effect of the Gram-negative bacteria Methylobacterium oryzae on the idh gene expression levels and patulin production of Penicillium expansum mature biofilms. For this purpose, a RT-qPCR method to quantify idh mRNA levels was applied. In addition, the idh expression levels were compared with the patulin production. The results obtained revealed that the effect of the bacterium on pre-established P. expansum biofilms is dependent on the time of interaction. More mature P. expansum biofilms appear to be more resistant to the inhibitory effect that M. oryzae causes towards idh gene expression and patulin production. A positive trend was observed between the idh expression and patulin production values. The results indicate that M. oryzae affects patulin production by acting at the transcriptional level of the idh gene.

scholarly journals Gene Expression of Nucleic Acid-Sensing Pattern Recognition Receptors in Children Hospitalized for Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Acute Bronchiolitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 816-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Scagnolari ◽  
Fabio Midulla ◽  
Alessandra Pierangeli ◽  
Corrado Moretti ◽  
Enea Bonci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Pattern Recognition Receptors ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Acute Bronchiolitis ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus

ABSTRACT Given the critical role of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in acid nucleic recognition in the initiation of innate immunity and the orchestration of adaptive immunity, the aim of this study was to determine whether any heterogeneity of PRR expression in the airway tracts of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection might explain the broad clinical spectrum of RSV-associated bronchiolitis in infants. For this purpose, the levels of melanoma differentiation-associated protein-5 (MDA-5), retinoic acid inducible gene-1 (RIG-1), and Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3), TLR-7, TLR-8, and TLR-9 mRNAs were evaluated, using TaqMan quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, in cells from nasopharyngeal washes collected from 157 infants suffering from acute bronchiolitis whether or not they were associated with respiratory viruses. High interindividual variability was observed in both virus-positive and -negative infants; however, the relative gene expression levels of MDA-5, RIG-1, TLR-7, and TLR-8 were significantly higher in the virus-infected group, whereas the expression levels of TLR-3 and TLR-9 were not significantly different. The differences in the gene expression of MDA-5, RIG-1, TLR-7, and TLR-8 were more evident in infants with RSV infection than in those with bocavirus or rhinovirus infection. In RSV-infected infants, PRR-mRNA levels also were analyzed in relation to interferon protein levels, viral load, clinical severity, days of hospitalization, age, and body weight. A significant positive correlation was observed only between RSV viral load and RIG-1 mRNA levels. These findings provide the first direct evidence that, in infants with respiratory virus-associated bronchiolitis, especially RSV, there are substantial changes in PRR gene expression; this likely is an important determinant of the clinical outcome of bronchiolitis.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous recruitment abilities to RNA polymerases generate nonlinear scaling of gene expression with cell volume

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qirun Wang ◽  
Jie Lin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Rna Polymerases ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Biophysical Mechanism ◽  
Expression Model ◽  
Cycle Regulation

AbstractWhile most genes’ expression levels are proportional to cell volumes, some genes exhibit nonlinear scaling between their expression levels and cell volume. Therefore, their mRNA and protein concentrations change as the cell volume increases, which often have crucial biological functions such as cell-cycle regulation. However, the biophysical mechanism underlying the nonlinear scaling between gene expression and cell volume is still unclear. In this work, we show that the nonlinear scaling is a direct consequence of the heterogeneous recruitment abilities of promoters to RNA polymerases based on a gene expression model at the whole-cell level. Those genes with weaker (stronger) recruitment abilities than the average ability spontaneously exhibit superlinear (sublinear) scaling with cell volume. Analysis of the promoter sequences and the nonlinear scaling of Saccharomyces cerevisiae’s mRNA levels shows that motifs associated with transcription regulation are indeed enriched in genes exhibiting nonlinear scaling, in concert with our model.

scholarly journals Codon usage is an important determinant of gene expression levels largely through its effects on transcription

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (41) ◽  
pp. E6117-E6125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Zhou ◽  
Yunkun Dang ◽  
Mian Zhou ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Chien-hung Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Codon Usage ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Mrna Translation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Highly Expressed Genes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Codon usage biases are found in all eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes, and preferred codons are more frequently used in highly expressed genes. The effects of codon usage on gene expression were previously thought to be mainly mediated by its impacts on translation. Here, we show that codon usage strongly correlates with both protein and mRNA levels genome-wide in the filamentous fungus Neurospora. Gene codon optimization also results in strong up-regulation of protein and RNA levels, suggesting that codon usage is an important determinant of gene expression. Surprisingly, we found that the impact of codon usage on gene expression results mainly from effects on transcription and is largely independent of mRNA translation and mRNA stability. Furthermore, we show that histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation is one of the mechanisms responsible for the codon usage-mediated transcriptional silencing of some genes with nonoptimal codons. Together, these results uncovered an unexpected important role of codon usage in ORF sequences in determining transcription levels and suggest that codon biases are an adaptation of protein coding sequences to both transcription and translation machineries. Therefore, synonymous codons not only specify protein sequences and translation dynamics, but also help determine gene expression levels.

Acyl-CoA elongase, a key enzyme in the development of high-erucic acid rapeseed?

2005 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliette Puyaubert ◽  
Christel Garcia ◽  
Sylvette Chevalier ◽  
Ren� Lessire
Keyword(s):  
Erucic Acid ◽  
High Erucic Acid ◽  
High Erucic Acid Rapeseed ◽  
Key Enzyme

ERCC1 and RRM1 but not EGFR gene expression is predictive of shorter survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10030-10030
Author(s):  
G. Selvaggi ◽  
P. Ceppi ◽  
M. Volante ◽  
S. Saviozzi ◽  
S. Novello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Egfr Expression ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded

10030 Background: Pivotal studies indicate a role of excision repair cross-complementation 1 (ERCC1) and ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1) in conferring a differential sensitivity to cytotoxic chemotherapy and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been recently deeply investigated in NSCLC. Methods: We retrospectively collected 70 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) bronchoscopic/fine needle aspiration biopsies of NSCLC to investigate the expression levels of ERCC1, RRM1 and EGFR by Real-Time PCR (Lord R et al. Clin Cancer Research 2002, 8:2286–91). Results were correlated with survival using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Sixty-one (87%) specimens were successfully amplified. Median age was 62 years (range 26–75), male/ female ratio 44/17, stage III/IV 20/41; 43 patients received cisplatin-based chemotherapy; overall median survival (MS) was 13.3 months over a median follow-up time of 45 months. ERCC1 expression level ranged from 0.70 to 15.12, RRM1 0.60–17.82. By adopting cut-off values according to median expression levels, we found a strong correlation between ERCC1 and RRM1 mRNA levels (r=0.410; p<0.001). MS in patients with low ERCC1 was significantly longer (16.9 vs 11.3 months, p<0.006) as well as in patients with low RRM1 (13.9 vs 10.9 months, p<0.03). Concomitant high expression levels of ERCC1 and RRM1 (n=26) are predictive of a worse outcome (13.9 vs 10.9 months, p<0.05). Among patients treated with cisplatin-based regimens, low ERCC1 levels were also predictive of a significantly longer MS (23.0 vs 11.6 months, p<0.002). A lower median ERCC1 level (3.2 vs 4.7) and a correlation with a better outcome were also observed in females vs males. No correlation between gene expression levels and histology was reported. No significant correlation between EGFR expression levels (range 0.5–85.8) and survival was found, even when different cut-off values were tested. Conclusions: This retrospective study further validates ERCC1 and RRM1 as good candidates genes to customize chemotherapy. Prospective studies based on the selection of patients according to genes expression levels are a research priority in early and advanced stages of NSCLC. [Table: see text]

VEGF receptor 1 and heparanase expression as prognostic factors in cholangiocellular carcinoma.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 226-226
Author(s):  
E. Goekkurt ◽  
J. Stoehlmacher ◽  
D. E. Aust ◽  
P. V. Danenberg ◽  
K. D. Danenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Egf Receptor ◽  
Cholangiocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Vegf Receptor ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Internal Reference ◽  
Logrank Test ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Ffpe Tissues

226 Background: Cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC) remains to be a tumor with very few treatment choices and limited prognosis. In this study, we sought to determine the prognostic role of VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1), heparanase (HPSE) and EGF receptor (EGFR) gene expression in patients with resected CCC. Methods: 47 formallin-fixed paraffin embedded FFPE tumor samples from patients with resected CCC were analyzed. FFPE tissues were dissected using laser-captured microdissection and analyzed for VEGFR1, HPSE and EGFR mRNA expression using a quantitative real-time RT-PCR method. Gene expression values (relative mRNA levels) are expressed as ratios between the target gene and internal reference genes (beta-actin, b2mg, rplp2, sdha). Results: VEGFR1 and HPSE expression levels were significantly associated with overall survival (OS). Patients expressing low levels of VEGFR1 displayed a median OS of 23.2 months compared to 5.3 months in patients with high VEGFR1 expression (p=0.006, logrank test). Patients with low HPSE expression had a median OS of 19.8 months compared to 10.0 months in patients with high HPSE expression (p=0.02, logrank test). EGFR and PDGFRα expression were significantly associated with HPSE and VEGFR1 expression (p=0.03 and p<0.0001, respectively). Conclusions: These results suggest that VEGFR1 and HPSE gene expression levels may play a role as prognostic factors in patients with CCC. Further studies are warranted to study these associations. [Table: see text]

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