Titration of the external NADH dehydrogenase and the alternative oxidase in plant mitochondria

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 406S-406S ◽  
Author(s):  
GRAEME R. LEACH ◽  
KLAAS KRAB ◽  
ANTHONY L. MOORE
Keyword(s):  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Plant Mitochondria

Stress-Induced Changes in Ubiquinone Concentration and Alternative Oxidase in Plant Mitochondria

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasily N. Popov ◽  
Albert C. Purvis ◽  
Vladimir P. Skulachev ◽  
Anneke M. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Plant Mitochondria ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
Respiration Of Mitochondria ◽  
Induced Changes

We have investigated the influence of stress conditions such as incubation at 4°C and incubation in hyperoxygen atmosphere, on plant tissues. The ubiquinone (Q) content and respiratory activity of purified mitochondria was studied. The rate of respiration of mitochondria isolated from cold-treated green bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L) exceeds that of controls, but this is not so for mitochondria isolated from cold-treated cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L). Treatment with high oxygen does not alter respiration rates of cauliflower mitochondria. Analysis of kinetic data relating oxygen uptake with Q reduction in mitochondria isolated from tissue incubated at 4°C (bell peppers and cauliflowers) and at high oxygen levels (cauliflowers) reveals an increase in the total amount of Q and in the percentage of inoxidizable QH2. The effects are not invariably accompanied by an induction of the alternative oxidase (AOX). In those mitochondria where the AOX is induced (cold-treated bell pepper and cauliflower treated with high oxygen) superoxide production is lower than in the control. The role of reduced Q accumulation and AOX induction in the defense against oxidative damage is discussed.

Plant respiration in a high CO2 world: How will alternative oxidase respond to future atmospheric and climatic conditions?

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1091-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Wang ◽  
Melissa Cheung ◽  
Lara Rasooli ◽  
Sasan Amirsadeghi ◽  
Greg C. Vanlerberghe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Plant Mitochondria ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Combined Processes ◽  
Plant Respiration

Wang, J., Cheung, M., Rasooli, L., Amirsadeghi, S. and Vanlerberghe, G. C. 2014. Plant respiration in a high CO2 world: How will alternative oxidase respond to future atmospheric and climatic conditions? Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1091–1101. Plant mitochondria contain an alternative oxidase (AOX) that reduces the energy yield of respiration. While respiration and photosynthesis are known to interact, the role of AOX in the light remains poorly understood. This gap in our understanding of leaf metabolism extends to future conditions of high CO2 and climate change. While studies indicate that AOX respiration is quite responsive to growth conditions, few studies have examined AOX respiration at high CO2 and little is known regarding the combined impact of changes in both CO2 and other climatic factors such as temperature and water availability. Given its non-energy conserving nature, a fundamental response by AOX to these future conditions could impact the net carbon gain that results from the combined processes of photosynthesis and respiration. Here, we show that leaf AOX protein amount in Nicotiana tabacum is dependent upon growth irradiance and CO2 level, that AOX is subject to biochemical control by intermediates of photorespiration, and that photosynthesis is impacted in transgenic plants lacking AOX. We also review findings that tobacco AOX respiration is responsive to climatic variables (temperature, water availability), thus providing an excellent experimental system to investigate the interplay between AOX, photosynthesis at high CO2, and climate change.

Respiratory Responses of Pea and Wheat Seedlings to Chloramphenicol Treatment

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qisen Zhang ◽  
L Mischis ◽  
JT Wiskich
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Complete Loss ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Pea Seedlings ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Respiratory Responses ◽  
Cyanide Resistant Respiration

A common feature in responding to chloramphenicol treatment for pea and wheat seedlings was the substantial increases in the rates of cyanide-resistant respiration. However, they were very different in many other aspects. Whole pea leaves appeared yellowish 3 or more days after chloramphenicol treatment. The chlorophyll content decreased by 30% after 9-10 days. In wheat seedlings, chloramphenicol treatment resulted in a complete loss of chlorophyll and formation of white tissues in the base of their leaves. The top region of leaves was still green. The un-inhibited rates of respiration decreased in pea, but increased in wheat mitochondria oxidising NADH. There was an approximately 5-fold increase in the activity of externally facing NADH dehydrogenase in wheat, but not in pea mitochondria. Western blot analysis showed that there were two additional bands of lower molecular weight alternative oxidases (32-33 kDa) in chloramphenicol-treated wheat leaf mitochondria, but there was no increase in alternative oxidase proteins in chloramphenicol-treated pea leaf and root mitochondria. Wheat seedlings responded to chlorarnphenicol treatment presumably by increasing the rate of glycolysis, while pea seedlings may have a different mechanism.

Alternative oxidase is an important player in the regulation of nitric oxide levels under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (17) ◽  
pp. 4345-4354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aprajita Kumari ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Pathak ◽  
Mallesham Bulle ◽  
Abir U Igamberdiev ◽  
Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Plant Mitochondria ◽  
No Production ◽  
Complex Iv ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Cytochrome Pathway ◽  
Important Player ◽  
Elicitor Treatments

Abstract Plant mitochondria possess two different pathways for electron transport from ubiquinol: the cytochrome pathway and the alternative oxidase (AOX) pathway. The AOX pathway plays an important role in stress tolerance and is induced by various metabolites and signals. Previously, several lines of evidence indicated that the AOX pathway prevents overproduction of superoxide and other reactive oxygen species. More recent evidence suggests that AOX also plays a role in regulation of nitric oxide (NO) production and signalling. The AOX pathway is induced under low phosphate, hypoxia, pathogen infections, and elicitor treatments. The induction of AOX under aerobic conditions in response to various stresses can reduce electron transfer through complexes III and IV and thus prevents the leakage of electrons to nitrite and the subsequent accumulation of NO. Excess NO under various stresses can inhibit complex IV; thus, the AOX pathway minimizes nitrite-dependent NO synthesis that would arise from enhanced electron leakage in the cytochrome pathway. By preventing NO generation, AOX can reduce peroxynitrite formation and tyrosine nitration. In contrast to its function under normoxia, AOX has a specific role under hypoxia, where AOX can facilitate nitrite-dependent NO production. This reaction drives the phytoglobin–NO cycle to increase energy efficiency under hypoxia.

The nature and regulation of the alternative oxidase of plant mitochondria

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony L. Moore ◽  
James N. Siedow
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Plant Mitochondria

scholarly journals Free fatty acids regulate the uncoupling protein and alternative oxidase activities in plant mitochondria

FEBS Letters ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 433 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis E. Sluse ◽  
Andréa M. Almeida ◽  
Wieslawa Jarmuszkiewicz ◽  
Anibal E. Vercesi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Plant Mitochondria

scholarly journals Monoclonal Antibodies to the Alternative Oxidase of Higher Plant Mitochondria

1989 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 1311-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Elthon ◽  
Roxy L. Nickels ◽  
Lee McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Alternative Oxidase ◽  
Plant Mitochondria ◽  
Higher Plant
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