Energy metabolism in parasitic filariae I: oxygen-uptake studies

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1174-1175
Author(s):  
ALAN B. O'DOWD ◽  
DAVID J. HAYES ◽  
DAVID L. SELWOOD ◽  
JEREMY N. STABLES
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Uptake Studies

DSC and oxygen uptake studies of γ-irradiated ethylene–propylene elastomers

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Traian Zaharescu ◽  
Viorica Meltzer ◽  
Rodica Vı̂lcu
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Uptake Studies

Effects of indomethacin on energy metabolism in rat jejunal tissue in vivo

2002 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly JACOB ◽  
Ingvar BJARNASON ◽  
Robert J. SIMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Lactate Levels

The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a widely used group of drugs in clinical medicine. However, their propensity to cause gastrointestinal damage limits their clinical utility. The pathogenesis of this toxicity is not well established. It has been postulated that an early event in the development of damage is an effect of these drugs on mitochondrial function. The present paper sets out to evaluate the effects of indomethacin, a commonly used NSAID, on energy metabolism in vivo. Indomethacin was administered to male Sprague-Dawley rats, either intrajejunally or orally, and indices of mitochondrial function were determined. The parameters chosen for this purpose were oxygen uptake by, lactate levels in and the energy charge of jejunal tissue. Oxygen uptake by and energy charge in jejunal tissue were unaffected at 1 and 3h after dosing by gavage with indomethacin. The drug significantly affected the tissue lactate/pyruvate ratio at 3h (but not at 1h) after oral dosing. Effects of indomethacin on jejunum incubated ex vivo were found to be reversible. The data suggest that indomethacin affects mitochondrial function in vivo, but that compensatory changes in glycolytic rate maintain energy charge.

scholarly journals OR-035 Effect of Aerobic Training on the Exercise Capacity of Apelin Knock-out Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Yan ◽  
Tieying Li ◽  
Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Knock Out Mice

Objective Aerobic training is considered to be an effective way to enhance the body’s exercise capacity which is closely related to the improvement of skeletal muscle energy metabolism. And as a new myokine, apelin has been found to play a key role in regulating the energy metabolism of skeletal muscle. However, whether the loss of apelin gene affects exercise capacity and what role aerobic training play in it remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the effect of apelin on exercise capacity during aerobic training and to provide a theoretical basis for the mechanism of aerobic exercise affecting exercise capacity. Methods Male C57BL/6J wild type mouse(n=20) and apelin knock-out mouse(n=20) were assigned by random allocation to four groups(n=10): wild type control(WC), wild type exercised(WE), apelin knock-out control(KC) and apelin knock-out exercised(KE). Exercise training consisted of treadmill running 60 minutes/day ×6 days/week for 4 weeks. The training intensity corresponded to the 70-75% maximum oxygen uptake of mice. The running speed was 15m/min with an incline of +5° in the first 2 weeks and subsequently adjusted to 20m/min according to the maximum oxygen uptake in the last 2 weeks. On the day after training, all groups were forced to perform a incremental exercise test to exhaustion. This test was started with an incline of +5°and a speed of 10 m/min for 5 min. After this initial phase, the speed was progressively increased by 3m/min every 3 min until animal exhausted. The maximum running speed, movement time and distance were recorded during the test. Results Compared with group WC, the maximum running speed, movement time and distance of group KC were significantly decreased(P<0.01). And the maximum running speed, movement time and distance of group KE were clearly higher than those of group KC(P<0.01). There is no significant difference between group WE and group WC, and between group KE and group WE. Conclusions The exercise capacity of mice was significantly decreased because of knocking out the apelin gene, and the exercise ability of apelin knock-out mice can be clearly enhanced by aerobic training.

Metabolic activity of hypotonically treated mature boar spermatozoa

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Glycolytic Activity ◽  
Boar Sperm ◽  
Uptake Studies ◽  
Boar Spermatozoa

Treatment of washed boar sperm with hypotonic phosphate buffer removed the acrosome, disrupted the cytoplasmic membrane and almost completely separated the heads from the mid piece-tail segment. As assessed by oxygen uptake studies and their ability to oxidize14C-labelled substrates to 14CO2, hypotonically-treated cells exhibit low glycolytic activity yet mitochondrial activity remains high. Both lactate and glycerol 3-phosphate underwent oxidation and these substrates continued to be metabolized by this preparation which had been stored for up to 10 days at 4°C. Such preparations may be of assistance in the investigation of the biochemistry of boar sperm mitochondria.

Reaction between ortho-semiquinones and oxygen: Pulse radiolysis, electron spin resonance, and oxygen uptake studies

1988 ◽  
Vol 266 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kalyanaraman ◽  
W. Korytowski ◽  
B. Pilas ◽  
T. Sarna ◽  
E.J. Land ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spin Resonance ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Electron Spin ◽  
Pulse Radiolysis ◽  
Oxygen Pulse ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Uptake Studies

Brain metabolism after 30 minutes of hypoxic or anoxic perfusion or ischemia

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (6) ◽  
pp. E501-E509 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kintner ◽  
D. J. Costello ◽  
A. B. Levin ◽  
D. D. Gilboe
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cerebral Edema ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Brain Metabolism ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diminished Capacity ◽  
Glycolytic Intermediates ◽  
Total Ischemia

In 48 separate experiments, isolated canine brain preparations were subjected to 30 min of either hypoxic (PaO2 congruent to 20 mmHg) perfusion, anoxic (PaO2 < 10 mmHg) perfusion, or total ischemia followed by reperfusion for up to 2 h with normal oxygenated blood. Unlike ischemia and anoxia, energy metabolism was sufficient during hypoxia to maintain substantial levels of ATP (48% of normal), sustain normal ion gradients, and prevent edema formation. Posthypoxia metabolism was adequate to clear accumulated lactate, enable recovery of normal tissue glucose levels, and allow return to normal levels of glycolytic intermediates. Although not as complete as that following hypoxia, recovery from cerebral edema and restoration of metabolism were better in ischemic than anoxic cortex. The reduced oxygen uptake in all groups during reoxygenation (55% of normal) indicates that all have a diminished capacity for energy metabolism. The ATP levels recovered more rapidly after 15 min of reoxygenation in the anoxic (57% of normal) than in the ischemic (21% of normal) group. Thus ATP does not appear to be directly related to recovery from edema.

Effects of indomethacin on energy metabolism in rat and human jejunal tissue in vitro

2001 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly JACOB ◽  
Ingvar BJARNASON ◽  
Robert J. SIMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Mitochondrial Morphology ◽  
Rat Jejunum ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to cause enteropathy, but the mechanism by which this toxicity occurs is less well established. This paper sets out to test the hypothesis that these drugs affect oxidative phosphorylation in jejunal tissue, thereby interfering with energy metabolism and rendering the tissue vulnerable to damage. Jejunal tissue obtained from rats and humans was used for in vitro determinations of oxygen uptake, lactate production and energy charge levels in the presence of indomethacin, a commonly used NSAID. In the rat jejunal tissue, drug concentrations of 0.5mM and 2.5mM produced significant decreases in oxygen uptake (P < 0.01) and energy charge levels in the tissue (P < 0.05). There was a corresponding increase in lactate production by the tissue at these indomethacin concentrations (P < 0.05). Rat jejunum examined by electron microscopy after incubation with various concentrations of indomethacin showed ultrastructural effects of the drug on mitochondrial morphology. In human tissue, an inhibitory effect of indomethacin on oxygen uptake was seen, but the effects on lactate production and energy charge were less conclusive. These findings suggest that indomethacin affects mitochondria and thereby impairs energy metabolism in jejunal tissue.

scholarly journals Cyanide resistance and cyanide utilization by a strain of Bacillus pumilus

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boleslaw Skowronski ◽  
Gary A. Strobel
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Potassium Cyanide ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Standard Medium ◽  
Filamentous Form ◽  
Uptake Studies ◽  
Cyanide Resistance

A strain of Bacillus pumilus was isolated from Fargo clay in a field near Fargo, North Dakota, which had been cropped in flax 73 consecutive years. This bacterium had an unusual ability to survive saturated solutions of potassium cyanide. The optimal growth conditions of this strain of Bacillus pumilus in the standard medium with 10−1 M cyanide as well as its morphological changes to a filamentous form under the influence of cyanide were established. Both 14CO2 and 15NH4+ were produced in cultures of the organism during labelling experiments in which K14C15N was fed, supporting the idea of cyanide utilization by this bacterium. Oxygen uptake studies by the filamentous form in the presence of 10−1 M KCN suggested that it has an extreme tolerance to cyanide. This is the first report of a bacterium being able to survive solutions of KCN up to 2.5 M.

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