Measurement of the oxidation rate of volatile alkanes: a new and non-invasive procedure for testing the drug-metabolizing capacity of the liver

1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERBERT REMMER ◽  
ABD EL MAJID GHARAIBEH
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Alkanes

scholarly journals Palpreast—A New Wearable Device for Breast Self-Examination

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Arcarisi ◽  
Licia Di Pietro ◽  
Nicola Carbonaro ◽  
Alessandro Tognetti ◽  
Arti Ahluwalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Wearable Device ◽  
Human Hand ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Breast Self Examination ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Self Examination

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Although targeted screening programs using mammography have facilitated earlier detection and improved treatment has resulted in a significant reduction in mortality, some negative aspects related to cost, the availability of trained staff, the duration of the procedure, and its non-generalizability to all women must be taken into consideration. Breast palpation is a simple non-invasive procedure that can be performed by lay individuals for detecting possible malignant nodules in the breast. It is a simple test, based on the haptic perception of different stiffness between healthy and abnormal tissues. According to a survey we carried out, despite being safe and simple, breast self-examination is not carried by women because they are not confident of their ability to detect a lump. In this study, a non-invasive wearable device designed to mimic the process of breast self-examination using pressure sensing textiles and thus increase the confidence and self-awareness of women is proposed. Combined with other screening methods, the device can increase the odds of early detection for better prognosis. Here, we present the physical implementation of the device and a finite element analysis of the mechanics underlying its working principle. Characterization of the device using models of large and medium breast phantoms with rigid inclusions demonstrates that it can detect nodules in much the same way as does the human hand during breast self-examination.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of input functions from a dynamic PET image with sequential administration of 15O2 and H215O for noninvasive and ultra-rapid measurement of CBF, OEF, and CMRO2

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 780-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Kudomi ◽  
Yukito Maeda ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamamoto ◽  
Yuka Yamamoto ◽  
Tetsuhiro Hatakeyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sequential Administration ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Arterial Input Functions

CBF, OEF, and CMRO2 images can be quantitatively assessed using PET. Their image calculation requires arterial input functions, which require invasive procedure. The aim of the present study was to develop a non-invasive approach with image-derived input functions (IDIFs) using an image from an ultra-rapid O2 and C15O2 protocol. Our technique consists of using a formula to express the input using tissue curve with rate constants. For multiple tissue curves, the rate constants were estimated so as to minimize the differences of the inputs using the multiple tissue curves. The estimated rates were used to express the inputs and the mean of the estimated inputs was used as an IDIF. The method was tested in human subjects ( n = 24). The estimated IDIFs were well-reproduced against the measured ones. The difference in the calculated CBF, OEF, and CMRO2 values by the two methods was small (<10%) against the invasive method, and the values showed tight correlations ( r = 0.97). The simulation showed errors associated with the assumed parameters were less than ∼10%. Our results demonstrate that IDIFs can be reconstructed from tissue curves, suggesting the possibility of using a non-invasive technique to assess CBF, OEF, and CMRO2.

scholarly journals Immunological and genetic indices in workers under long-term exposure to low-doses of acrylonitrile

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 1115-1122
Author(s):  
Nina V. Zaitseva ◽  
Tatyana S. Ulanova ◽  
Oleg V. Dolgikh ◽  
Tatyana V. Nurislamova ◽  
Olga A. Kazakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Activated T Lymphocytes ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Nowadays there is very relevant research on the study of the characteristics of the impact on the health of workers of low levels of harmful factors (acrylonitrile) of production during long-term exposure. Aim of the study was to examine peculiarities of immunologic and genetic indices in workers under the long-term exposure to acrylonitrile in low doses. Materials and methods. Our research object was working area air (MPCw.ar.=0.5 mg/m3) and biological media (blood and exhaled air) of workers employed at industrial rubber manufacture. Acrylonitrile was determined via a non-invasive procedure in exhaled air with samples being concentrated on sorption tubes that were then analyzed with capillary gas chromatography. Blood samples were examined to determine contents of malonic dialdehyde, lymphocytes (absolute and relative activated T-lymphocytes CD3+CD25+, absolute and relative activated T-lymphocytes CD3+CD95+), cytokines (VEGF), oncomarkers (PSA), and adrenals hormones; to do that, we applied ELISA tests and flow cytometry. Results. Acrylonitrile was established to occur in working area air in concentrations varying within MPCw.ar. range (0.007-0.015 mg/m3) being 2-3 times higher than in air inside offices at the same enterprise. We obtained statistically significant linear dependence between concentrations of acrylonitrile in the air exhaled by workers (y) and their working experience (x) that was given with the following equation: y=0.00046+0.00027x. According to the results of the laboratory examination of the workers, violations of the antioxidant defense were established. Contents of malonic dialdehyde and steroid hormones including progesterone, estradiol, and hydrocortisone that were pathogenetically linked to each other were authentically up to 3.2 times higher in the test group than in the reference one (p<0.05). Risk for antioxidant protection disorders such as elevated malonic dialdehyde contents in blood plasma might occur in the test group was 1.58 times higher than in the reference one. Conclusion. We revealed certain peculiarities in polymorphism of PPARGC1A Gly482Ser rs8192678 gene, the variability of which contributes to the formation of pathology of the cardiovascular, endocrine systems, oncoproliferative states that increase the likelihood of these undesirable events.

scholarly journals Internal and External Radiofrequency Assisted Lipo-Coagulation (RFAL) in the Control of Soft Tissue Contraction during Liposuction: Part 2 “Outside In” RFAL Thermal Tissue Tightening

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stephen Mulholland
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Thermal Stimulation ◽  
Thermal Coagulation ◽  
Soft Tissue Envelope ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tissue Contraction ◽  
Contraction Effect ◽  
Positively Charged ◽  
Coated Electrodes

The new Morpheus8 is a novel external RFAL device that uses the proven soft tissue contraction of BodyTite in an external, non-invasive procedure. This external RF applicator, which is also powered by BodyTite, inserts up to 40 positively charged, coated electrodes 8 mm into the subcutaneous, soft tissue envelope. A monopolar ablative lesion is generated from the tip of the electrode, stimulating contraction of the FSN and adipose coagulation. The RF then flows up to the distant negative, return electrodes on the surface of the skin, providing a non-ablative thermal stimulation to the papillary dermis. The “burst” feature of the Morpheus8, delivers simultaneous multiple levels of internal coagulation in a single one second pulse, amplifying the adipose ablation and contraction effect. Studies, show, that the combination of BodyTite internal thermal coagulation and external Morpheus8 at the time of liposuction can result in 60–70% area skin contraction, greatly improving the soft tissue contours and Body shaping outcomes following lipo-contouring procedures.

scholarly journals Estimation of differences in selected indices of vibroacoustic signals between healthy and osteoarthritic patellofemoral joints as a potential non-invasive diagnostic tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 2130 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
R Karpiński ◽  
P Krakowski ◽  
J Jonak ◽  
A Machrowska ◽  
M Maciejewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Joint Surfaces ◽  
Vibroacoustic Signals

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) is currently the most generic form of joint disease. It is a complex process in which degenerative changes occur in the articular cartilage [AC], subchondral bone, and synovial membrane and can lead to permanent joint failure. The primary and most commonly used method of diagnosing degenerative changes is classic radiography. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used to assess the extent of damage to joint surfaces, but this method is limited by the availability of specialised equipment and the excessive cost of the examination. Arthroscopy, an invasive procedure, is considered the “gold standard” in joint diagnosis. The occurrence of degenerative changes is closely related to the friction and lubrication processes within the joint. The main causes of osteoarthritis are a change or lack of synovial fluid, deformation of the joint bones, local damage to the articular cartilage, and a change in the mechanical properties of the articular cartilage due to water loss from the damaged superficial layer. An alternative, non-invasive method that allows for a delicate assessment of the condition of moving joints is vibroarthrography (VAG). The analysis of vibroacoustic signals generated by moving joint surfaces has an immense potential in the non-invasive assessment of the degree of damage to articular cartilage, meniscus and ligaments and the general diagnosis of degenerative diseases. The purpose of this study is to analyse and statistically compare the basic characteristics of vibroacoustic signals recorded with a CM-01B contact microphone placed on the patella for motion in the 90°–0°–90° range in a closed kinetic chain (CKC) in a control group (HC) and a group of patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis (OA), qualified for the knee alloplasty.

scholarly journals Detection of S-100β Protein in Plasma and Urine After a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Le Sage ◽  
Pier-Alexandre Tardif ◽  
Jérôme Frenette ◽  
Marcel Émond ◽  
Jean-Marc Chauny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Plasma And Urine Samples ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 1 Trauma Center

ABSTRACT:This study assessed whether S-100β protein could be measured in urine when detectable in plasma after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Clinical data, plasma and urine samples were collected for the 46 adult patients prospectively enrolled in the emergency department (ED) of a Level 1 trauma center. S-100β protein concentrations were analysed using ELISA. S-100β protein was detectable in 91% and 71% of plasma and urine samples, but values were not correlated (r = 0.002). Urine sampling would have been a non-invasive procedure, but it does not appear to be useful in the ED during the acute phase after an mTBI.

scholarly journals Increased gastric Pco 2 during exercise is indicative of gastric ischaemia: a tonometric study

Gut ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Kolkman ◽  
A B J Groeneveld ◽  
F G van der Berg ◽  
J A Rauwerda ◽  
S G M Meuwissen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Gastric Tonometry ◽  
Revascularisation Procedure ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Angiographic Findings ◽  
Gastric Ischaemia

BackgroundDiagnosis of gastric ischaemia is difficult and angiography is an invasive procedure. Angiographic findings may not correlate with clinical importance.AimsTo investigate whether tonometric measurement of intragastric Pco2during exercise can be used to detect clinically important gastric ischaemia.MethodsFourteen patients with unexplained abdominal pain or weight loss were studied. Splanchnic angiography served as the gold standard. Three patients were studied again after a revascularisation procedure. Gastric Pco2 was measured from a nasogastric tonometer, with 10 minute dwell times, and after acid suppression. Gastric and capillary Pco2 were measured before, during, and after submaximal exercise of 10 minutes duration.ResultsSeven patients had normal angiograms; seven had more than 50% stenosis in the coeliac (n=7) or superior mesenteric artery (n=4). Normal subjects showed no changes in tonometry. In patients with stenoses, the median intragastric Pco2(Pico2) at rest was 5.2 kPa (range 4.8–11.2) and rose to 6.4 kPa (range 5.7–15.7) at peak exercise; the median intragastric blood Pco2 gradient increased from 0.0 kPa (range −0.8 to 5.9) to 1.7 kPa (range 0.9 to 10.3; p<0.01). Only two subjects had abnormal tonometry at rest; all had supernormal values at peak exercise. The Pco2 gradient correlated with clinical and gastroscopic severity; in patients reexamined after revascularisation (n=3), exercise tonometry returned to normal.ConclusionGastric tonometry during exercise is a promising non-invasive tool for diagnosing and grading gastrointestinal ischaemia and evaluating the results of revascularisation surgery for symptomatic gastric ischaemia.

scholarly journals Gelatin sponge (Spongostan®) and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate: Utility on percutaneous treatment of persistent urinary leakage after partial nephrectomy. Case report and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardino De Concilio ◽  
Francesca Vedovo ◽  
Maria Carmen Mir ◽  
Tommaso Silvestri ◽  
Andrea Casarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Partial Nephrectomy ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Percutaneous Treatment ◽  
Urinary Fistula ◽  
Gelatin Sponge ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Percutaneous Embolization ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Urinary Leakage

Introduction: Percutaneous treatment of persistent urinary fistula after partial nephrectomy using N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate and gelatin sponge (Spongostan®) is an effective and relatively non-invasive procedure that should be considered when a conservative approach fails. Three successful cases of percutaneous embolization by using N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate have been reported in the literature. To our knowledge, the use of Spongostan for the treatment of urinary fistula after partial nephrectomy has not been previously described. Case report: We present the case of an 82-year old man who underwent percutaneous closure of a urinary fistula following partial nephrectomy by using gelatin sponge (Spongostan®) and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate.Conclusions: We encourage the use of this technique in selected cases. Collaboration amongst urologists and skilled interventional radiologist is strongly recommended.

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